Araştırma Makalesi
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The Effects of Enzyme Addition Into The Ration Consisting of Different Levels of Pea on Laying Hens’s Performance

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 31 Sayı: 2, 93 - 98, 03.07.2020
https://doi.org/10.36483/vanvetj.651750

Öz

This experiment was carried out to determine the effects of substituting protein coming from soybean-meal at different levels with protein coming from pea and enzyme addition into diets containing from pea on performance and egg quality criteria in laying hens. The experiment was carried out with 30-week-old hens. Seven treatment groups, including control group, with 7 sub-groups that contained of 7 laying hens at each groups were established. A total of 343 laying hens were utilized in the study. Egg weight was significantly lower in hens fed diet containing 10% pea (D1) protein compared with the other groups at the end of the experiment (P<0. 05). Yields of eggs per week were similar among groups, except 1. and 4.th weeks of the experiment, including last week. In general, feed intakes were also similar among groups, except 5.th week of experiment. Feed conversion ratios did not differ among groups, but were different at first week of experiment. Diameter and shape indexes among egg quality criteria were statistically similar but white indexes, Haugh unit, color scale and shell thickness were significantly different among groups (P<0.05). In conclusion, substituting protein coming from soybean meal with protein coming from pea up to 30% with or without enzyme addition had no any negative effects on performance of laying hens. Especially, egg quality indexes such as white indexes Haugh unite and egg yolk significantly improved with substation of soybean meal with pea with addition of enzyme at 20 and 30%.

Kaynakça

  • AOAC (1984). Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Official methods of analysis, 14th ed. Arlington, Virginia, USA.
  • Annison G, Choct M (1993). Enzymes in poutlry diets. Enzymes in Animal Nutrition. Proceedings of the lst Symposium. 61-68, Kartause Ittingen, Switzerland. Bender AE (1983) . Haemagglutinins (lectins) in beans. Food Chem, 11, 309-320.
  • Card LE, Nesheim MC (1972). Poultry Production. 11th ed. Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia
  • Castanon JIR, Marquart RR (1989). Effect of enzyme addition, autoclave treatment and fermenting on the nutritive of field beans (Vicia faba L.) Anim Feed Sci Tech, 26, 71-89.
  • Castanon JIR, Perez –Lanzac J (1990). Substitution of fixed amounts of soybean meal for field beans (Vicia faba), sweet lupins (Lupinus albus), cull peas (Pisum sativum) and vetches (Vicia sativa) in diets for high performance laying Leghorn hens. Br Poult Sci, 31, 173-180.
  • Ciurescu G, Pană CO (2017). Effect of dietary untreated field pea (Pisum sativum L.) as substitute for soybean meal and enzymes supplementation on egg production and quality of laying hens. Rom Biotechnol Lett, 22(1), 12204- 12213.
  • Farran MT, Dakessian PB, Darwish AH, Uwayjan MG, Dbouk HK, Sleiman F, Ashkarian VM (2001). Performance of broilers and production and egg quality parameters of laying hens fed 60% raw or treated common vetch (Vicia sativa) seeds. Poult Sci, 80, 203-208. Fru-Nji F., Niess E Pfffer E (2007). Effect of Graded Replacement of Soybean Meal by Faba Bean or Field Peas in Rations for Laying Hens on Egg Production and Quality. Journal of Poult Sci, 44 (1), 34–41.
  • Griffiths DW (1984). The trypsin and chymotrypsin inhibitor activities of various peas (Pisum spp.) and field bean (Vicia faba) cultivars. J Sci Food Agric, 35, 481-486.
  • Griffiths DW (1981). The polyphenolic content and enzyme inhibitory activity of test as from bean (Vicia faba) and peas (Pisum spp.) varieties. J Sci Food Agric, 32, 797-804. ,
  • Hammershǿj M, Steenfeldt S (2005). Effects of blue lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) in organic layer diets and supplementation with foraging material on egg production and some egg quality parameters. Poult Sci, 84, 723-733.
  • Igbasan FA Guenter W (1996). The enhancement of the nutritive value of peas for broiler chickens: An evaluation of micronization and dehulling processes. Poult Sci, 75, 1243-1252. Igbasan FA, Guenter W (1997). The influence of micronization, dehulling, and enzyme supplementation on the nutritional value of peas for laying hens. Poult Sci, 76, 331-337. Khattak FM, Pahsa TN, Hayat Z, Mahmud A (2006). Enzymes In Poultry Nutrıtıon. J Anim Pl Sci, 16(1-2).
  • Laudadio V, Turafelli V (2010a) Growth performance and carcass and meat quality of broiler chickens fed diets containing micronized-dehulled peas (Pisum sativum cv Spirale) as a substitute of soybean meal. Poult Sci, 89, 1537-1543.
  • Laudadio V. And Turafelli V. (2010b). Treated fava bean (Vicia faba var. minor) as substitute for soybean meal in diet of early phase laying hens: Egg-laying performance and egg quality. Poult Sci, 89, 2299-2303.
  • Laudadio V, Turafelli V (2012). Effect of treated field pea (Pisum sativum L. cv Spirale) as substitute for soybean extracted meal in a wheat middlings-based diet on egg production and quality of early layingbrown hens. Arch Geflügelk, 76 (1), 1-5.
  • Lindgren E (1975). The nutritive value of peas and field beans for hens. Swed J Agric Res, 5, 159-161.
  • Longstaff M, Mcnab JM (1987). Digestion of starch and fibre carbohydrates in peas by adult cockerels. Br Poult Sci, 28, 261-285.
  • NRC (1994). Nutrient Requirements Of Poultry. 9th Rev. Ed. National Academy Press, Washington, DC.
  • Perez –Maldonado RA, Mannion PF, Farrell DJ (1999). FARRELL. Optimum inclusion of field peas, faba beans, chick peas, sweet lupins in poultry diets. I. Chemical composition and layer experiments. Br Poult Sci, 40, 667-673.
  • Saini HS (1989). Legume seed oligosaccharides. Pages 329-340 In: Recent Advances of Research in Antinutritional Factors in Legumes Seeds. J. Huisman, T.F.B. van der Poel, and I. E. Liener, ed. Pudoc, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
  • SAS (1995). Statistic Software Programme User Guide. SAS, Inst. Inc. Cary. NC.
  • Smulıkowska S, Pastuszewska B, Swiech E, Ochtabinska A, Mieczkowska A, Nguyen VC, Buraczewska L (2001). Tannin content affects negatively nutritive value of pea for monogastric. J Anim Feed Sci, 10, 511-523.
  • Steel RG, Torrie JH (1980). PrincipleandProcedurres of Statistics (2ndEd.), Mc Donald BookCo., Inc., New York.
  • Şenköylü N. Yemlik Yağlar. Tekirdağ: NRA; 2001
  • Volpelli LA, Comellini M, Masoero F, Moschini M, Lo Fiego DP, Scipioni R (2009). Pea (Pisum sativum) in Dairy Cow Diet: Effect on Milk Production and Quality. Ital J Anim Sci, 8(2), 245–257.

Farklı Düzeylerde Bezelye Katılan Yumurta Tavuğu Rasyonlarına Enzim İlavesinin Performans Üzerine Etkileri

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 31 Sayı: 2, 93 - 98, 03.07.2020
https://doi.org/10.36483/vanvetj.651750

Öz

Bu çalışma, yumurtacı tavuk rasyonlarına soya küspesi yerine farklı düzeylerde bezelye ve bezelyeye ek olarak enzim ilavesinin performans ve yumurta kalite kriterleri üzerine etkilerini araştırmak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Deneme 30 haftalık yaşta yumurtacı tavuklarda gerçekleştirilmiştir. Deneme, bir kontrol ve 6 muamele grubu olmak üzere 7 gruptan, her grup 7 alt gruptan ve her alt grup da 7 yumurta tavuğundan oluşturulmuştur. Toplam 343 yumurta tavuğu kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonunda yumurta ağırlığının %10 bezelye (D1) olan grupta diğer gruplara göre önemli derecede düşük olduğu görülmüştür (P<0.05). Yumurta verimleri bakımından 1 ve 4. hafta dışında son hafta da dahil olmak üzere gruplar arasında farklılık görülmemiştir. Yem tüketiminde 5. haftada gruplar arasında farklılık görülmekle beraber, genel olarak diğer haftalarda herhangi bir farklılık belirlenmemiştir. Yemden yararlanma oranında da 1. hafta haricinde gruplar arasındaki farklılıklar önemsiz bulunmuştur. Yumurta kalite kriterlerinden çap ve şekil indexi açısından gruplar arasındaki farklılıklar önemsiz bulunmuştur. Ak indexi, Haugh birimi, renk skalası ve kabuk kalınlığı açısından ise gruplar arasındaki farklılıklar istatistiksel olarak önemli bulunmuştur (P<0.05). Sonuç olarak, yumurtacı tavuk rasyonlarında kullanılan soya fasulyesi küspesinden gelen proteinin %30’una kadarının bezelyeden enzim katılarak veya katılmaksızın karşılanmasının, performans üzerinde herhangi olumsuz bir etkisinin olmadığı, özellikle %20 ve %30 oranında bezelye proteini içeren rasyonlara enzim katılmasının ak indeksi, haugh birimi ve yumurta sarısı gibi yumurtanın iç kalite kriterleri üzerine önemli derecede olumlu etkisi olduğu görülmüştür.

Kaynakça

  • AOAC (1984). Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Official methods of analysis, 14th ed. Arlington, Virginia, USA.
  • Annison G, Choct M (1993). Enzymes in poutlry diets. Enzymes in Animal Nutrition. Proceedings of the lst Symposium. 61-68, Kartause Ittingen, Switzerland. Bender AE (1983) . Haemagglutinins (lectins) in beans. Food Chem, 11, 309-320.
  • Card LE, Nesheim MC (1972). Poultry Production. 11th ed. Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia
  • Castanon JIR, Marquart RR (1989). Effect of enzyme addition, autoclave treatment and fermenting on the nutritive of field beans (Vicia faba L.) Anim Feed Sci Tech, 26, 71-89.
  • Castanon JIR, Perez –Lanzac J (1990). Substitution of fixed amounts of soybean meal for field beans (Vicia faba), sweet lupins (Lupinus albus), cull peas (Pisum sativum) and vetches (Vicia sativa) in diets for high performance laying Leghorn hens. Br Poult Sci, 31, 173-180.
  • Ciurescu G, Pană CO (2017). Effect of dietary untreated field pea (Pisum sativum L.) as substitute for soybean meal and enzymes supplementation on egg production and quality of laying hens. Rom Biotechnol Lett, 22(1), 12204- 12213.
  • Farran MT, Dakessian PB, Darwish AH, Uwayjan MG, Dbouk HK, Sleiman F, Ashkarian VM (2001). Performance of broilers and production and egg quality parameters of laying hens fed 60% raw or treated common vetch (Vicia sativa) seeds. Poult Sci, 80, 203-208. Fru-Nji F., Niess E Pfffer E (2007). Effect of Graded Replacement of Soybean Meal by Faba Bean or Field Peas in Rations for Laying Hens on Egg Production and Quality. Journal of Poult Sci, 44 (1), 34–41.
  • Griffiths DW (1984). The trypsin and chymotrypsin inhibitor activities of various peas (Pisum spp.) and field bean (Vicia faba) cultivars. J Sci Food Agric, 35, 481-486.
  • Griffiths DW (1981). The polyphenolic content and enzyme inhibitory activity of test as from bean (Vicia faba) and peas (Pisum spp.) varieties. J Sci Food Agric, 32, 797-804. ,
  • Hammershǿj M, Steenfeldt S (2005). Effects of blue lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) in organic layer diets and supplementation with foraging material on egg production and some egg quality parameters. Poult Sci, 84, 723-733.
  • Igbasan FA Guenter W (1996). The enhancement of the nutritive value of peas for broiler chickens: An evaluation of micronization and dehulling processes. Poult Sci, 75, 1243-1252. Igbasan FA, Guenter W (1997). The influence of micronization, dehulling, and enzyme supplementation on the nutritional value of peas for laying hens. Poult Sci, 76, 331-337. Khattak FM, Pahsa TN, Hayat Z, Mahmud A (2006). Enzymes In Poultry Nutrıtıon. J Anim Pl Sci, 16(1-2).
  • Laudadio V, Turafelli V (2010a) Growth performance and carcass and meat quality of broiler chickens fed diets containing micronized-dehulled peas (Pisum sativum cv Spirale) as a substitute of soybean meal. Poult Sci, 89, 1537-1543.
  • Laudadio V. And Turafelli V. (2010b). Treated fava bean (Vicia faba var. minor) as substitute for soybean meal in diet of early phase laying hens: Egg-laying performance and egg quality. Poult Sci, 89, 2299-2303.
  • Laudadio V, Turafelli V (2012). Effect of treated field pea (Pisum sativum L. cv Spirale) as substitute for soybean extracted meal in a wheat middlings-based diet on egg production and quality of early layingbrown hens. Arch Geflügelk, 76 (1), 1-5.
  • Lindgren E (1975). The nutritive value of peas and field beans for hens. Swed J Agric Res, 5, 159-161.
  • Longstaff M, Mcnab JM (1987). Digestion of starch and fibre carbohydrates in peas by adult cockerels. Br Poult Sci, 28, 261-285.
  • NRC (1994). Nutrient Requirements Of Poultry. 9th Rev. Ed. National Academy Press, Washington, DC.
  • Perez –Maldonado RA, Mannion PF, Farrell DJ (1999). FARRELL. Optimum inclusion of field peas, faba beans, chick peas, sweet lupins in poultry diets. I. Chemical composition and layer experiments. Br Poult Sci, 40, 667-673.
  • Saini HS (1989). Legume seed oligosaccharides. Pages 329-340 In: Recent Advances of Research in Antinutritional Factors in Legumes Seeds. J. Huisman, T.F.B. van der Poel, and I. E. Liener, ed. Pudoc, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
  • SAS (1995). Statistic Software Programme User Guide. SAS, Inst. Inc. Cary. NC.
  • Smulıkowska S, Pastuszewska B, Swiech E, Ochtabinska A, Mieczkowska A, Nguyen VC, Buraczewska L (2001). Tannin content affects negatively nutritive value of pea for monogastric. J Anim Feed Sci, 10, 511-523.
  • Steel RG, Torrie JH (1980). PrincipleandProcedurres of Statistics (2ndEd.), Mc Donald BookCo., Inc., New York.
  • Şenköylü N. Yemlik Yağlar. Tekirdağ: NRA; 2001
  • Volpelli LA, Comellini M, Masoero F, Moschini M, Lo Fiego DP, Scipioni R (2009). Pea (Pisum sativum) in Dairy Cow Diet: Effect on Milk Production and Quality. Ital J Anim Sci, 8(2), 245–257.
Toplam 24 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Veteriner Cerrahi
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Tuğba Bingöl 0000-0002-6894-8418

Mehmet Karslı

Selçuk Altaçli 0000-0003-1736-6239

Çağri Kale 0000-0003-1918-6346

Duran Bolat

Yayımlanma Tarihi 3 Temmuz 2020
Gönderilme Tarihi 3 Aralık 2019
Kabul Tarihi 6 Mart 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Cilt: 31 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Bingöl, T., Karslı, M., Altaçli, S., Kale, Ç., vd. (2020). Farklı Düzeylerde Bezelye Katılan Yumurta Tavuğu Rasyonlarına Enzim İlavesinin Performans Üzerine Etkileri. Van Veterinary Journal, 31(2), 93-98. https://doi.org/10.36483/vanvetj.651750
AMA Bingöl T, Karslı M, Altaçli S, Kale Ç, Bolat D. Farklı Düzeylerde Bezelye Katılan Yumurta Tavuğu Rasyonlarına Enzim İlavesinin Performans Üzerine Etkileri. Van Vet J. Temmuz 2020;31(2):93-98. doi:10.36483/vanvetj.651750
Chicago Bingöl, Tuğba, Mehmet Karslı, Selçuk Altaçli, Çağri Kale, ve Duran Bolat. “Farklı Düzeylerde Bezelye Katılan Yumurta Tavuğu Rasyonlarına Enzim İlavesinin Performans Üzerine Etkileri”. Van Veterinary Journal 31, sy. 2 (Temmuz 2020): 93-98. https://doi.org/10.36483/vanvetj.651750.
EndNote Bingöl T, Karslı M, Altaçli S, Kale Ç, Bolat D (01 Temmuz 2020) Farklı Düzeylerde Bezelye Katılan Yumurta Tavuğu Rasyonlarına Enzim İlavesinin Performans Üzerine Etkileri. Van Veterinary Journal 31 2 93–98.
IEEE T. Bingöl, M. Karslı, S. Altaçli, Ç. Kale, ve D. Bolat, “Farklı Düzeylerde Bezelye Katılan Yumurta Tavuğu Rasyonlarına Enzim İlavesinin Performans Üzerine Etkileri”, Van Vet J, c. 31, sy. 2, ss. 93–98, 2020, doi: 10.36483/vanvetj.651750.
ISNAD Bingöl, Tuğba vd. “Farklı Düzeylerde Bezelye Katılan Yumurta Tavuğu Rasyonlarına Enzim İlavesinin Performans Üzerine Etkileri”. Van Veterinary Journal 31/2 (Temmuz 2020), 93-98. https://doi.org/10.36483/vanvetj.651750.
JAMA Bingöl T, Karslı M, Altaçli S, Kale Ç, Bolat D. Farklı Düzeylerde Bezelye Katılan Yumurta Tavuğu Rasyonlarına Enzim İlavesinin Performans Üzerine Etkileri. Van Vet J. 2020;31:93–98.
MLA Bingöl, Tuğba vd. “Farklı Düzeylerde Bezelye Katılan Yumurta Tavuğu Rasyonlarına Enzim İlavesinin Performans Üzerine Etkileri”. Van Veterinary Journal, c. 31, sy. 2, 2020, ss. 93-98, doi:10.36483/vanvetj.651750.
Vancouver Bingöl T, Karslı M, Altaçli S, Kale Ç, Bolat D. Farklı Düzeylerde Bezelye Katılan Yumurta Tavuğu Rasyonlarına Enzim İlavesinin Performans Üzerine Etkileri. Van Vet J. 2020;31(2):93-8.

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