Yeşil Büyümenin Ekonomik ve Sosyal Belirleyicileri: AB Ülkeleri Üzerine Ampirik Bir İnceleme

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı AB ülkelerinde yeşil büyümenin sosyal ve ekonomik belirleyicilerini bütüncül bir bakış açısıyla ampirik olarak analiz etmektir. Yeşil büyüme bağımlı değişken, kişi başına karbon emisyonları, kişi başına gelir, enerji tüketimi ve insani gelişim bağımsız değişken olarak tanımlanmıştır. Çalışmada bu değişkenlerin yeşil büyüme üzerindeki etkileri 2010-2023 dönemine ait yıllık veriler esas alınarak ölçülmüştür. Yöntem: Yeşil büyümenin ekonomik ve sosyal belirleyicilerini ortaya koyabilmek için panel veri analiz yöntemleri olan sabit etkiler, rassal etkiler ve Hausman yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: İnsani gelişimin yeşil büyüme üzerindeki etkisinin olumlu ve anlamlı olduğu, kişi başına enerji tüketiminin ise yeşil büyüme üzerinde olumsuz etkiye sahip olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Yeşil büyümenin kişi başına düşen gelirde, pozitif ve anlamlı bir etkisi olduğu tespit edilmiş, karbon emisyonları ile yeşil büyüme arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir etki bulunamamıştır. Özgünlük: Literatürde yeşil büyümenin ekonomik ve sosyal belirleyicilerini bütüncül bir bakış açısıyla ele alan, yeşil büyümeyi bağımlı değişken olarak tanımlayan ve Küresel Yeşil Büyüme İndeksi verilerini kullanan ampirik çalışmaların sayısı oldukça sınırlıdır. Çalışma, yeşil büyümenin belirleyicilerini ampirik olarak ortaya koymakta ve yeşil büyüme politikalarının tasarlanmasında politika önerileri sunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Yeşil Büyüme
• Avrupa Birliği Ülkeleri
• Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma
• Enerji Tüketimi
• İnsani Gelişim Endeksi

Economic and Social Determinants of Green Growth: An Empirical Study on Europe Union Countries

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this study is to empirically analyze the socio-economic determinants of green growth in EU countries from a holistic perspective. Green growth is defined as the dependent variable, while per capita carbon emissions, per capita income, energy consumption, and human development are defined as independent variables. In this study, the effects of these variables on green growth were measured using annual data from the period 2010-2023. Methodology: In order to reveal the economic and social determinants of green growth, panel data analysis methods such as fixed effects, random effects and Hausman methods were used. Findings: It is concluded that human development has a positive and statistically significant effect on green growth, whereas per capita energy consumption has a negative impact on green growth. Green growth was found to have a positive and significant impact on per capita income, but no statistically significant effect was found between carbon emissions and green growth. Originality: In the literature, there are very few empirical studies that address the economic and social determinants of green growth from a holistic perspective, define green growth as the dependent variable, and use Global Green Growth Index data. This study empirically reveals the determinants of green growth and offers policy recommendations for designing green growth policies.

Keywords

• Green Growth
• European Union Countries
• Sustainable Development
• Energy Consumption
• Human Development Index

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