Ulaştırma Koridorları Kapsamında Türkiye’nin Transit Taşımacılıktaki Rolü: Lojistik ile Katma Değer Üretimi Üzerine Ampirik Bir İnceleme

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışma, Türkiye’nin transit ülke avantajını dünya ticaretinden daha fazla pay alabilecek ve lojistik hizmetler yoluyla katma değer üreten rekabetçi bir merkeze dönüşebilecek şekilde nasıl geliştirebileceğini incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Yöntem: Öncelikle araştırmanın teorik çerçevesinin ortaya konulması adına literatür taraması ile ulaşılan bilgiler, tasarım bilimi araştırma yaklaşımlarından biri olan CIMO-Logic kullanılarak Bağlam–Müdahale–Mekanizma–Sonuç bileşenlerine göre irdelenmiştir. Daha sonra, ulaşılan değişkenlerin sonuçlara olan etkisi Panel Veri Analizi ile değerlendirilmiş ve Türkiye ve benzer transit geçiş konumuna sahip ülkelerin aralarında bulunduğu 11 ülkenin 2010–2023 yıllarına ait verileri Sabit etkiler modeli ile analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular: Ülkenin transit taşımacılık ile yarattığı katma değer üzerinde multimodal altyapı olanaklarının ve transit operasyonunda taşınan yük hacminin pozitif ve anlamlı etkilerinin olduğu, düşük karbonlu ulaşım operasyonlarının ise kısa vadede negatif ve anlamlı etkilerinin olduğu ortaya konmuştur. Panel veri analizi kapsamında modern gümrük uygulamalarına geçişin hızlanması ve lojistik hizmetlerin kalitesinin artırılması istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmasa da CIMO-Logic kapsamında bu değişkenler lojistik ile katma değer üretimi açısından öne çıkmıştır. Özgünlük: Araştırmanın Türkiye'nin transit ticaretteki rolünü lojistik hizmetlerin katma değer üretimi perspektifinden CIMO temelli ampirik modelle test eden ilk örneklerden biri olması hedeflenmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• CIMO-Logic
• Katma-değerli Hizmet
• Lojistik
• Transit Taşımacılık
• Ulaştırma Koridorları

Turkey’s Role in Transit Transportation within the Scope of Transportation Corridors: An Empirical Study on Value-added Production through Logistics

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to explore how Türkiye can leverage its advantages as a transit country to capture a larger share of global trade and enhance its competitiveness by becoming a pivotal logistics hub that generates value. Methodology: First, to establish the theoretical framework of the research, information obtained through a literature review was analyzed using CIMO-Logic, a design science research approach, based on the components Context–Intervention–Mechanism–Outcome. The impact of the obtained variables on the results was then assessed using Panel Data Analysis, and data from 11 countries, including Türkiye and similar transit locations, for the period 2010–2023 were analyzed using a fixed-effects model. Findings: Research indicates that strong multimodal infrastructure and increased freight volume significantly boost the value added by a country's transit transportation sector. In contrast, low-carbon transportation operations have a detrimental short-term impact. Although modern customs practices and improved logistics service quality were not statistically significant in the panel data analysis, they proved vital for generating value within the CIMO-Logic framework, highlighting the need to invest in these areas for long-term growth. Originality: The research aims to be among the first to examine Türkiye's role in transit trade in the context of value-added production in logistics services, using a CIMO-based empirical model.

Keywords

• CIMO-Logic
• Value-added Service
• Logistics
• Transit Transport
• Transport Corridors

Kaynakça

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