SEÇİLMİŞ OECD ÜLKELERİNDE YENİLENEBİLİR ENERJİ TÜKETİMİ, EKONOMİK BÜYÜME, PETROL FİYATLARI VE CO2 EMİSYONU ARASINDAKİ NEDENSELLİK İLİŞKİSİ

Öz

Amaç: Seçilmiş OECD ülkelerinde Yenilenebilir Enerji Tüketimi (REN), Ekonomik Büyüme (GDP), Petrol Fiyatları (OP) ve CO2 emisyonu (CO2) arasındaki ilişkinin 1980-2014 dönemi periyoduna ait veriler kullanılarak incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Yöntem: Çalışmada, değişkenler arasındaki ilişkinin tespit edilmesinde Kónya Panel Bootstrap nedensellik yönteminden yararlanılmıştır.

Bulgular: İlk olarak, Kanada ve İtalya için REN ve CO2 arasında iki yönlü, Yunanistan ve İrlanda için REN’den CO2’ye, Avusturya, İsviçre ve ABD için CO2’den REN’e doğru tek yönlü nedensellik ilişkisi söz konusudur. İkinci olarak, İtalya için REN ve GDP arasında iki yönlü nedensellik ilişkisi mevcuttur. Buna karşılık İsviçre ve Belçika için GDP’den REN’e, Hollanda için REN’den GDP’ye doğru tek yönlü nedensellik söz konusudur. Üçüncü olarak, ABD’de REN ve OP arasında iki yönlü, Avusturya, Yunanistan, İtalya, Portekiz, İspanya ve İsviçre’de OP’den REN’e, Japonya’da REN’den OP’ye tek yönlü nedensellik ilişkisi tespit edilmiştir.

Özgünlük: Çalışma, değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiyi seçilmiş OECD ülkeleri için ve Kónya nedensellik yöntemiyle incelemesi açısından özgündür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Yenilenebilir Enerji Tüketimi
• CO2 Emisyonu
• Ekonomik Büyüme
• Petrol Fiyatları
• Kónya Nedensellik Yöntemi.

THE CAUSAL LINKAGES between RENEWABLE ENERGY CONSUMPTION, ECONOMIC GROWTH, OIL PRICES and CO2 EMISSIONS in SELECTED OECD COUNTRIES

Öz

Purpose: It is aimed to examine the relationship between Renewable Energy Consumption (REN), Economic Growth (GDP), Oil Prices (OP), and CO2 emissions (CO2) in selected OECD countries by using the data for the period 1980-2014.

Methodology: In the study, Kónya Panel Bootstrap causality method is utilized to determine the relationship between variables.

Findings: Firstly, there is a bidirectional causality relationship between REN and CO2 for Canada and Italy; there is a one-way linkage from REN to CO2 in Greece and Ireland, while there is unidirectional causality from CO2 to REN in Austria, Switzerland, and United States. Secondly, there exists a bidirectional causality relationship between the REN and GDP in Italy. In contrast, there is a one-way causality linkage from GDP to REN in Switzerland and Belgium and from REN to GDP in the Netherlands. Thirdly, it is found that there is a bidirectional causality relationship between REN and OP in the United States; there is a one-way causality linkage from OP to REN in Austria, Greece, Italy, Portugal, Spain, and Switzerland, from REN to OP in Japan.

Originality: The study has originality in that it examines the relationship among the variables for the selected OECD countries and through Kónya causality method.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Renewable Energy Consumption
• CO2 Emissions
• Economic Growth
• Oil Prices
• Kónya Causality Method.

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