YÜKSEK TEKNOLOJİLİ ÜRÜN İHRACATININ EKONOMİK BÜYÜME ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ: ÜST ORTA GELİRLİ ÜLKELER İÇİN PANEL VERİ ANALİZİ

Yıl 2021, , 249 - 261, 30.07.2021

Gizem Akbulut Yıldız , Gülçin Adıyaman

https://doi.org/10.51551/verimlilik.708429

Öz

Amaç: Küreselleşen dünyada ülkelerin daha yüksek gelir seviyesine ulaşabilmelerindeki en önemli faktörlerden biri, yüksek teknolojiye dayalı ihracat desenine sahip olabilmeleridir. Özellikle yüksek gelirli ülkeler seviyesine çıkabilmeyi amaçlayan üst-orta gelirli ülkelerin sahip oldukları teknoloji düzeyi ile yaptıkları ihracatın ekonomik büyümelerini destekleyip desteklemediği oldukça önemli bir konudur. Çalışmanın amacı, 29 üst-orta gelirli ülkeye ilişkin yüksek teknolojili ürün ihracatının ekonomik büyüme üzerindeki etkisini araştırmaktır.

Yöntem: Bu çalışmada 1996-2017 dönemine ait panel veriler kullanılarak Eberhardt ve Teal (2010) tarafından geliştirilen Genişletilmiş Ortalama Grup (AMG) tahmincisi kullanılmıştır.

Bulgular: Analiz sonucuna göre yüksek teknolojili ürün ihracatının ekonomik büyüme üzerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir etkisi olmadığı bulgusu elde edilmiştir. Kontrol değişken olarak modele dâhil edilen gayri safi sabit sermaye oluşumu ve kamu harcamaları ekonomik büyümeyi istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ve pozitif etkilerken toplam iş gücü değişkenine ilişkin istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki tespit edilememiştir.

Özgünlük: Üst-orta gelirli ülkelerin daha yüksek bir gelir seviyesine ulaşmalarında yüksek teknolojili ürün ihracatının önemine dikkat çekilmesi açısından çalışmanın iktisat yazınına katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Yüksek Teknolojili Ürün İhracatı, Ekonomik Büyüme, Panel Veri

THE EFFECT OF HIGH-TECH EXPORTS ON ECONOMIC GROWTH: PANEL DATA ANALYSIS FOR UPPER-MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES

Öz

Purpose: In the globalizing world, one of the most important factors for countries to reach higher income levels is to have an export pattern based on high technology. It is a very important issue, especially if the countries in the upper- middle income level support the economic growth of their exports with the technology they have. The aim of the study is to investigate the effect of high technology product exports on economic growth in 29 upper-middle income countries.

Methodology: In this study, the Augmented Mean Group (AMG) estimator developed by Eberhardt and Teal (2010) using panel data for the period 1996-2017 was used.

Findings: According to the results of the analysis using the Augmented Mean Group (AMG) estimator, there was no statistically significant effect of high-tech product exports on economic growth. Gross fixed capital formation and public expenditures included in the model as control variable had a statistically significant and positive effect on economic growth, but there was no found statistically significant relationship regarding the total labor variable.

Originality: It is thought that the study will contribute to the economics literature in terms of drawing attention to the importance of high technology product exports in reaching a higher income level in upper-middle income countries.

Anahtar Kelimeler

High-Tech Product Exports, Economic Growth, Panel Data

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