Araştırma Makalesi
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ÇALIŞAN-DOSTU KURUMLARDA İŞ-YAŞAM DENGESİ POLİTİKALARI, KURUMSAL İLETİŞİM VE VERİMLİLİK

Yıl 2017, Sayı: 4, 7 - 27, 16.10.2017

Öz

İş-yaşam sınırları son zamanlarda ilgi çeken
alanların başında yer almaktadır. Farklı alanlardan birçok akademisyen iş-yaşam
dengesi konusuna oldukça yoğun bir ilgi göstermektedir ve kavramın çeşitli odak
noktalarıyla birlikte kullanıldığı birçok araştırma yapılmaktadır. Bu alandaki çalışmalar;
iş-yaşam dengesinin psikolojik sağlık üzerindeki etkisi, verimlilik artışı,
çift-kariyerli ailelerin deneyimleri, iş ve aile arasındaki çatışmalar, kurumların
iş-yaşam girişimlerinde değişim politikaları, iş-yaşam dengesi ve cinsiyet
farklılıkları konusunda uluslararası modelleri kapsamaktadır.  

 

İş-yaşam dengesi; küreselleşme ve hızlı teknolojik
değişim, yaşlanan nüfus, çift kariyerli aile sayısının artması ve özellikle
kadınların doğurganlık oranlarındaki düşüşe bağlı olarak işgücü piyasasına
katılım oranlarının yükselmesiyle birlikte son yıllarda gelişmiş ülkelerde öne
çıkan bir politika söylemi haline gelmiştir. Çalışanlar, iş ve kişisel yaşam
sorumluluklarını dengelemek için fırsatlar talep ederken bunun karşılığında
kurumlar da çalışanlarına iş-yaşam dengesi fırsatları sunarak rekabet avantajı kazanmaktadır.
Bu konuda farkındalığı artan çalışanlar açısından esnek çalışma saatleri, iş
paylaşımı, evden çalışma, azaltılmış çalışma saatleri gibi iş düzenlemeleri
daha önemli hale gelmektedir. İş-yaşam dengesi uygulamaları, iş gereksinimleri
ile stres arasındaki ilişkiyi de yumuşatmaktadır. Bununla birlikte, kurumsal
iş-aile düzenlemeleri, destekleyici bir iş-aile kültürü ve çalışan refahı
ilişkisi için muhtemel arabulucular olarak görülmektedir.

 

Çalışanların kişisel yaşam ve iş yaşamlarındaki
memnuniyeti, kurumları da olumlu yönde etkilemektedir. İş-yaşam dengesi
uygulamaları, çalışan dostu kurumlarda daha yüksek verimlilik, kârlılık ve
değer yaratımını da beraberinde getirmektedir. İşverenler çalışan-dostu
yaklaşımıyla çalışan verimliliğini yükseltmek kadar kurum verimliliğini ve
kârlılığı artırmayı da beklemektedir. Çalışanların motivasyonu, iş tatmini,
kurumsal bağlılığı ve verimliliği ise kurumsal iletişim ortamıyla yakından ilişkilidir.
Bu çalışmada; çalışan-dostu olarak adlandırılan kurumlarda uygulanmaya
çalışılan iş-yaşam dengesi çabalarının, verimlilikle olduğu kadar kurumsal
iletişimle olan ilişkisi de ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Çalışma,
uluslararası üç akademik derginin 1990-2017[1]
döneminde bu konularla ilgili yayımlanan araştırmaların incelenmesiyle
hazırlanmıştır.











[1] 2017 yılının ilk altı ayında yayımlanan makaleler
incelenmiştir.

























Kaynakça

  • ADYA, Monica, (2008), Women At Work: Differences In It Career Experiences and Perceptions Between South Asian and American Women, Human Resource Management, Fall 2008, Vol. 47, No. 3, pp. 601–635.
  • ALİ, Muhammad, vd., (2014), The Impact Of Work-Family Programs On The Relationship Between Gender Diversity And Performance, Human Resource Management, DOİ:10.1002/hrm.21631.
  • ALLARD, K., vd, (2011), Family-Supportive Organizational Culture and Fathers’ Experiences of Work–Family Conflict in Sweden, Gender, Work and Organization, Vol. 18, No. 2, March 2011, DOİ:10.1111/j.1468-0432.2010.00540.x.
  • BARDOEL, E. Anne, DE CIERI, Helen, (2014), A Framework for Work-Life Instruments: A Cross-National Review, Human Resource Management, September–October 2014, Vol. 53, No. 5. pp. 635–659.
  • BAUGHMAN, Reagan, vd., (2003), Productivity and Wage Effects of “Family-Friendly” Fringe Benefits, International Journal of Manpower, Vol. 24 No. 3, 2003. pp. 247-259 DOİ 10.1108/01437720310479723.
  • BEEN, M. Wike, vd., (2017), European Top Managers’ Support for Work-Life Arrangements, Social Science Research, Volume 65, July 2017, Pages, 60-74 https://DOİ.org/10.1016/j.ssresearch.2017.02.004.
  • BLAZOVICH, L. Janell, vd., (2014), Employee-Friendly Companies And Worklife Balance: Is There An Impact On Financial Performance And Risk Level?, Journal of Organizational Culture, Communications and Conflict, Volume 18, Number 2.
  • BUDD, John, MUMFORD, Karen, (2006), Family-Friendly Work Practices in Britain: Availability And Perceived Accessibility. Human Resource Management, Spring 2006, Vol. 45, No. 1, pp. 23–42.
  • CHANG, Eu Nmi, vd., (2014), Organizational Work Family Culture and Working Mothers’ Affective Commitment: How Career Expectations Matter, Human Resource Management, September–October 2014, Vol. 53, No. 5. pp. 683–700.
  • CRAIG, Lyn, SAWRIKAR, Pooja, (2009), Work and Family: How Does the (Gender) Balance Change as Children Grow?, Gender, Work and Organization, Vol. 16 No. 6 November 2009, DOİ: 10.1111/j.1468-0432.2009.00481.x.
  • DAVERTH, Gwen, vd., (2016), The Subjectivity of Fairness: Managerial Discretion and Work–Life Balance, Gender, Work and Organization, Vol. 23 No. 2 March 2016. DOİ:10.1111/gwao.12113. DİŞBUDAK, Cem, (2007), 2000’li Yıllarda Sermayenin Stratejileri: Emekçilerin Durumu ve Gelir Dağılımı, Eğitim Bilim Toplum Dergisi, Cilt:5 Yaz: 2007 Sayfa: 4-25.
  • DOĞRUL, B. Şefika, TEKELİ, Seda, (2010), İş-Yaşam Dengesinin Sağlanmasında Esnek Çalışma, Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimler Dergisi, Cilt 2, Sayı 2, 2010 ISSN: 1309 -8012 (online) DOİ:10.1111/j.1468- 0432.2007.00352.x.
  • EMSLIE, Carol, HUNT, Kate, (2009), ‘Live to Work’ or ‘Work to Live’? A Qualitative Study of Gender and Work–Life Balance Among Men and Women in Mid-Life, Gender, Work and Organization, Vol. 16 No. 1 January 2009.
  • ERBEN, S. Gül, ÖTKEN, B. Ayşe, (2014), Paternalist Liderlik ve İşe İlişkin İyilik İlişkisinde İş-Yaşam Dengesinin Rolü, Yönetim ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi – Sayı:22, DOİ: http://dx.DOİ.org/10.11611/JMER192.
  • GAMBETTI, Zeynep, (2009), İktidarın Dönüşen Çehresi: Neoliberalizm, Şiddet ve Kurumsal Siyasetin Tasfiyesi, İ.Ü. Siyasal Bilgiler Fakültesi Dergisi, No:40, ss. 145-166.
  • GÖKKAYA, Öznur, (2014), Yerel Yönetimlerde İş-Yaşam Dengesi ve Çalışan Davranışı İlişkisinin İncelenmesi, Kocaeli Belediyeleri Örneği, http://www.ejoir.org/belge/kasim2014/1.pdf.
  • GREGORY Abigail, SUSAN Milner, (2009), Editorial: Work–Life Balance: A Matter of Choice?, Gender, Work and Organization, Vol. 16 No. 1 January 2009 pp. 1-13.
  • HILBRECHT, Margo, vd., (2008), ‘I’m Home for the Kids’: Contradictory Implications for Work–Life Balance of Teleworking Mothers, Gender, Work and Organization, Vol. 15 No. 5 September 2008.
  • JACOBS, Anna, PADAVIC, Irene, (2015), Hours, Scheduling and Flexibility for Women in the US Low-Wage Labour Force, Gender, Work and Organization, Vol. 22 No. 1 January 2015, DOİ:10.1111/gwao.12069
  • JAMES, Al, (2014), Work-Life ‘Balance’, Recession and the Gendered Limits to Learning and Innovation (Or, Why It Pays Employers To Care), Gender, Work and Organization, Vol. 21 No. 3 May 2014, DOİ:10.1111/gwao.12037.
  • KOSSEK, Ellen, (2016), Implementing Organizational Work–Life İnterventions: Toward A Triple Bottom Line, Community, Work & Family, 19:2, 242-256, DOİ: 10.1080/13668803.2016.1135540.
  • LAUD, Robert, vd., (2013), Journey to the Top: Are There Really Gender Differences in the Selection and Utilization of Career Tactics?, Journal of Organizational Culture, Communications and Conflict, Volume 17, Number 1, 2013.
  • LAUZUN, Heather, vd., (2010), Seeking Work-Life Balance: Employees’ Requests, Supervisors’ Responses, and Organizational Barriers, The Psychologist-Manager Journal, 13: 184–205. DOİ: 10.1080/10887156.2010.500953.
  • LIU, Jun, vd., (2013), Work-To-Family Spillover Effects of Workplace Ostracism: The Role of Work-Home Segmentation Preferences, Human Resource Management, January−February 2013, Vol. 52, No. 1. pp. 75−94.
  • NADEEM, Sadia, Chris, Hendry, (2003), Power Dynamics in the Long-Term Development of Employee-Friendly Flexible Working, Women in Management Review, Vol. 18 Iss 1/2 pp. 32 – 49 http://dx.DOİ.org/10.1108/09649420310462316.
  • PERRONS, Diane, (2003), The New Economy and the Work–Life Balance: Conceptual Explorations and a Case Study of New Media, Gender, Work and Organization, Vol. 10 No. 1 January 2003.
  • RENEE, Cowan, MARY F. Hoffman, (2007), The Flexible Organization: How Contemporary Employees Construct the Work/Life Border, Qualitative Research Reports in Communication, 8: 1, 37-44, DOİ: 10.1080/17459430701617895.
  • RUSSELL, Helen, vd., (2009), The Impact of Flexible Working Arrangements on Work–life Conflict and Work Pressure in Ireland, Gender, Work and Organization, Vol. 16 No. 1 January 2009.
  • RYAN, Ann Marie, KOSSEK Ellen, Ernst, (2008), Work-Life Policy Implementation: Breaking Down or Creating Barriers to Inclusiveness? Human Resource Management, Summer 2008, Vol. 47, No. 2, pp. 295–310.
  • SCHILLING, Elisabeth, (2015), “Success Is Satisfaction with What You Have?” Biographical Work–Life Balance of Older Female Employees in Public Administration, Gender, Work and Organization, DOİ:10.1111/gwao.12097.
  • SMITHSON, Janet, Stokoe, Elizabeth, (2005), Discourses of Work–Life Balance: Negotiating ‘Genderblind’ Terms in Organizations, Gender, Work and Organization, Vol. 12 No. 2 March 2005.
  • STAVROU, Eleni, IERODIAKONOU, Christiana, (2016), Entitlement to Work-Life Balance Support: Employee/Manager Perceptual Discrepancies and Their Effect on Outcomes, Human Resource Management, September–October 2016, Vol. 55, No. 5. pp. 845–869.
  • WANG, Jing, VERMA Anil, (2012), Explaining Organizational Responsiveness to Work-Life Balance Issues: The Role of Business Strategy and High-Performance Work Systems, Human Resource Management, May–June 2012, Vol. 51, No. 3. pp. 407– 432.
  • WATTS, Jacqueline, (2009), ‘Allowed Into a Man’s World’ Meanings of Work–Life Balance: Perspectives of Women Civil Engineers as ‘Minority’ Workers in Construction, Gender, Work and Organization, Vol. 16 No. 1 January 2009.
  • WEIGT, Jill, RICHARDS, Catherine, (2008), Work–Family Management Among Low-Wage Service Workers and Assistant Professors in the USA: A Comparative Intersectional Analysis, Gender, Work and Organization, Vol. 15 No. 6 November 2008 DOİ:10.1111/j.1468-0432.2008.00419.x.
  • WELSH, Dianne, vd., (2017), Work-Family Balance and Marketing Capabilities as Determinants of Chinese Women Entrepreneurs' Firm Performance, Journal of Global Marketing, 30:3, 174-191, DOİ: 10.1080/08911762.2017.1317894.
  • http://www.ntv.com.tr (Erişim Tarihi: 13 Temmuz 2017).
  • http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/ (Erişim Tarihi: 17 Temmuz 2017).
Yıl 2017, Sayı: 4, 7 - 27, 16.10.2017

Öz

Kaynakça

  • ADYA, Monica, (2008), Women At Work: Differences In It Career Experiences and Perceptions Between South Asian and American Women, Human Resource Management, Fall 2008, Vol. 47, No. 3, pp. 601–635.
  • ALİ, Muhammad, vd., (2014), The Impact Of Work-Family Programs On The Relationship Between Gender Diversity And Performance, Human Resource Management, DOİ:10.1002/hrm.21631.
  • ALLARD, K., vd, (2011), Family-Supportive Organizational Culture and Fathers’ Experiences of Work–Family Conflict in Sweden, Gender, Work and Organization, Vol. 18, No. 2, March 2011, DOİ:10.1111/j.1468-0432.2010.00540.x.
  • BARDOEL, E. Anne, DE CIERI, Helen, (2014), A Framework for Work-Life Instruments: A Cross-National Review, Human Resource Management, September–October 2014, Vol. 53, No. 5. pp. 635–659.
  • BAUGHMAN, Reagan, vd., (2003), Productivity and Wage Effects of “Family-Friendly” Fringe Benefits, International Journal of Manpower, Vol. 24 No. 3, 2003. pp. 247-259 DOİ 10.1108/01437720310479723.
  • BEEN, M. Wike, vd., (2017), European Top Managers’ Support for Work-Life Arrangements, Social Science Research, Volume 65, July 2017, Pages, 60-74 https://DOİ.org/10.1016/j.ssresearch.2017.02.004.
  • BLAZOVICH, L. Janell, vd., (2014), Employee-Friendly Companies And Worklife Balance: Is There An Impact On Financial Performance And Risk Level?, Journal of Organizational Culture, Communications and Conflict, Volume 18, Number 2.
  • BUDD, John, MUMFORD, Karen, (2006), Family-Friendly Work Practices in Britain: Availability And Perceived Accessibility. Human Resource Management, Spring 2006, Vol. 45, No. 1, pp. 23–42.
  • CHANG, Eu Nmi, vd., (2014), Organizational Work Family Culture and Working Mothers’ Affective Commitment: How Career Expectations Matter, Human Resource Management, September–October 2014, Vol. 53, No. 5. pp. 683–700.
  • CRAIG, Lyn, SAWRIKAR, Pooja, (2009), Work and Family: How Does the (Gender) Balance Change as Children Grow?, Gender, Work and Organization, Vol. 16 No. 6 November 2009, DOİ: 10.1111/j.1468-0432.2009.00481.x.
  • DAVERTH, Gwen, vd., (2016), The Subjectivity of Fairness: Managerial Discretion and Work–Life Balance, Gender, Work and Organization, Vol. 23 No. 2 March 2016. DOİ:10.1111/gwao.12113. DİŞBUDAK, Cem, (2007), 2000’li Yıllarda Sermayenin Stratejileri: Emekçilerin Durumu ve Gelir Dağılımı, Eğitim Bilim Toplum Dergisi, Cilt:5 Yaz: 2007 Sayfa: 4-25.
  • DOĞRUL, B. Şefika, TEKELİ, Seda, (2010), İş-Yaşam Dengesinin Sağlanmasında Esnek Çalışma, Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimler Dergisi, Cilt 2, Sayı 2, 2010 ISSN: 1309 -8012 (online) DOİ:10.1111/j.1468- 0432.2007.00352.x.
  • EMSLIE, Carol, HUNT, Kate, (2009), ‘Live to Work’ or ‘Work to Live’? A Qualitative Study of Gender and Work–Life Balance Among Men and Women in Mid-Life, Gender, Work and Organization, Vol. 16 No. 1 January 2009.
  • ERBEN, S. Gül, ÖTKEN, B. Ayşe, (2014), Paternalist Liderlik ve İşe İlişkin İyilik İlişkisinde İş-Yaşam Dengesinin Rolü, Yönetim ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi – Sayı:22, DOİ: http://dx.DOİ.org/10.11611/JMER192.
  • GAMBETTI, Zeynep, (2009), İktidarın Dönüşen Çehresi: Neoliberalizm, Şiddet ve Kurumsal Siyasetin Tasfiyesi, İ.Ü. Siyasal Bilgiler Fakültesi Dergisi, No:40, ss. 145-166.
  • GÖKKAYA, Öznur, (2014), Yerel Yönetimlerde İş-Yaşam Dengesi ve Çalışan Davranışı İlişkisinin İncelenmesi, Kocaeli Belediyeleri Örneği, http://www.ejoir.org/belge/kasim2014/1.pdf.
  • GREGORY Abigail, SUSAN Milner, (2009), Editorial: Work–Life Balance: A Matter of Choice?, Gender, Work and Organization, Vol. 16 No. 1 January 2009 pp. 1-13.
  • HILBRECHT, Margo, vd., (2008), ‘I’m Home for the Kids’: Contradictory Implications for Work–Life Balance of Teleworking Mothers, Gender, Work and Organization, Vol. 15 No. 5 September 2008.
  • JACOBS, Anna, PADAVIC, Irene, (2015), Hours, Scheduling and Flexibility for Women in the US Low-Wage Labour Force, Gender, Work and Organization, Vol. 22 No. 1 January 2015, DOİ:10.1111/gwao.12069
  • JAMES, Al, (2014), Work-Life ‘Balance’, Recession and the Gendered Limits to Learning and Innovation (Or, Why It Pays Employers To Care), Gender, Work and Organization, Vol. 21 No. 3 May 2014, DOİ:10.1111/gwao.12037.
  • KOSSEK, Ellen, (2016), Implementing Organizational Work–Life İnterventions: Toward A Triple Bottom Line, Community, Work & Family, 19:2, 242-256, DOİ: 10.1080/13668803.2016.1135540.
  • LAUD, Robert, vd., (2013), Journey to the Top: Are There Really Gender Differences in the Selection and Utilization of Career Tactics?, Journal of Organizational Culture, Communications and Conflict, Volume 17, Number 1, 2013.
  • LAUZUN, Heather, vd., (2010), Seeking Work-Life Balance: Employees’ Requests, Supervisors’ Responses, and Organizational Barriers, The Psychologist-Manager Journal, 13: 184–205. DOİ: 10.1080/10887156.2010.500953.
  • LIU, Jun, vd., (2013), Work-To-Family Spillover Effects of Workplace Ostracism: The Role of Work-Home Segmentation Preferences, Human Resource Management, January−February 2013, Vol. 52, No. 1. pp. 75−94.
  • NADEEM, Sadia, Chris, Hendry, (2003), Power Dynamics in the Long-Term Development of Employee-Friendly Flexible Working, Women in Management Review, Vol. 18 Iss 1/2 pp. 32 – 49 http://dx.DOİ.org/10.1108/09649420310462316.
  • PERRONS, Diane, (2003), The New Economy and the Work–Life Balance: Conceptual Explorations and a Case Study of New Media, Gender, Work and Organization, Vol. 10 No. 1 January 2003.
  • RENEE, Cowan, MARY F. Hoffman, (2007), The Flexible Organization: How Contemporary Employees Construct the Work/Life Border, Qualitative Research Reports in Communication, 8: 1, 37-44, DOİ: 10.1080/17459430701617895.
  • RUSSELL, Helen, vd., (2009), The Impact of Flexible Working Arrangements on Work–life Conflict and Work Pressure in Ireland, Gender, Work and Organization, Vol. 16 No. 1 January 2009.
  • RYAN, Ann Marie, KOSSEK Ellen, Ernst, (2008), Work-Life Policy Implementation: Breaking Down or Creating Barriers to Inclusiveness? Human Resource Management, Summer 2008, Vol. 47, No. 2, pp. 295–310.
  • SCHILLING, Elisabeth, (2015), “Success Is Satisfaction with What You Have?” Biographical Work–Life Balance of Older Female Employees in Public Administration, Gender, Work and Organization, DOİ:10.1111/gwao.12097.
  • SMITHSON, Janet, Stokoe, Elizabeth, (2005), Discourses of Work–Life Balance: Negotiating ‘Genderblind’ Terms in Organizations, Gender, Work and Organization, Vol. 12 No. 2 March 2005.
  • STAVROU, Eleni, IERODIAKONOU, Christiana, (2016), Entitlement to Work-Life Balance Support: Employee/Manager Perceptual Discrepancies and Their Effect on Outcomes, Human Resource Management, September–October 2016, Vol. 55, No. 5. pp. 845–869.
  • WANG, Jing, VERMA Anil, (2012), Explaining Organizational Responsiveness to Work-Life Balance Issues: The Role of Business Strategy and High-Performance Work Systems, Human Resource Management, May–June 2012, Vol. 51, No. 3. pp. 407– 432.
  • WATTS, Jacqueline, (2009), ‘Allowed Into a Man’s World’ Meanings of Work–Life Balance: Perspectives of Women Civil Engineers as ‘Minority’ Workers in Construction, Gender, Work and Organization, Vol. 16 No. 1 January 2009.
  • WEIGT, Jill, RICHARDS, Catherine, (2008), Work–Family Management Among Low-Wage Service Workers and Assistant Professors in the USA: A Comparative Intersectional Analysis, Gender, Work and Organization, Vol. 15 No. 6 November 2008 DOİ:10.1111/j.1468-0432.2008.00419.x.
  • WELSH, Dianne, vd., (2017), Work-Family Balance and Marketing Capabilities as Determinants of Chinese Women Entrepreneurs' Firm Performance, Journal of Global Marketing, 30:3, 174-191, DOİ: 10.1080/08911762.2017.1317894.
  • http://www.ntv.com.tr (Erişim Tarihi: 13 Temmuz 2017).
  • http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/ (Erişim Tarihi: 17 Temmuz 2017).
Toplam 38 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Cangül Tosun Bu kişi benim

Fatih Keskin Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 16 Ekim 2017
Gönderilme Tarihi 20 Ekim 2017
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2017 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA Tosun, C., & Keskin, F. (2017). ÇALIŞAN-DOSTU KURUMLARDA İŞ-YAŞAM DENGESİ POLİTİKALARI, KURUMSAL İLETİŞİM VE VERİMLİLİK. Verimlilik Dergisi(4), 7-27.

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22408  Verimlilik Dergisi Creative Commons Atıf-GayrıTicari 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı (CC BY-NC 4.0) ile lisanslanmıştır.