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CLEANER PRODUCTION PRACTICES: A RESEARCH ON COMPANIES APPLYING ISO 14001 EMS IN ANTALYA ORGANIZED INDUSTRIAL ZONEIN ANTALYA ORGANIZED INDUSTRIAL ZONE

Yıl 2020, Sayı: 2, 7 - 44, 18.03.2020

Gül Ekşi , Mine Ömürgönülşen

Öz

The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors that are effective in adapting ISO 14001 Environmental Management System (EMS) in firms in Antalya Organized Industrial Zone (AOSB) and the expected achievements to be introduced with the system and to examine whether they vary according to the company characteristics. Data collected by questionnaire method were analyzed separately for each subscale through independent samples T-test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Mann Whitney U Test and Kruskal Wallis Test. The study revealed the financial factors that are effective on adapting ISO 14001 EMS depend on exportation while the environmental factors depend on the number of employees and competition factors in the sector. An analysis upon the implementation of ISO 14001 EMS put forward that improvements in the processes related to environmental management activities vary by the number of employees and improvements in the overall performance of the company by the sales revenues. The most common challenges faced by firms in implementing environmental activities are identified as the lack of environmental awareness of the society, firms and employees, and the fact that environmental problems cause significant costs for firms. In addition, face-to-face interviews with companies showed that, the main concern of all units, from senior management to the lowest levels, is to avoid anything that may incur additional costs by achieving the targeted amount of production and exports. In particular, it is seen that the some firms do not intend to obtain ISO 14001 EMS due to the additional costs of the certification process, but still carry out environmental activities through their own efforts.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Cleaner Production Environmental Management System ISO 14001 Antalya Organized Industrial Zone

Kaynakça

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TEMİZ ÜRETİM UYGULAMALARI: ANTALYA ORGANİZE SANAYİ BÖLGESİ’NDE ISO 14001 ÇYS UYGULAYAN FİRMALAR ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA

Yıl 2020, Sayı: 2, 7 - 44, 18.03.2020

Gül Ekşi , Mine Ömürgönülşen

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Antalya Organize Sanayi Bölgesi’ndeki (AOSB) işletmelerde ISO 14001 Çevre Yönetim Sistemi’nin (ÇYS) benimsenmesinde etken olan faktörleri ve uygulama sonucu elde edilmesi beklenen iyileşmeleri ele almak ve bunların firma özelliklerine göre farklılık gösterip göstermediğini incelemektir. Anket yoluyla toplanan veriler, bağımsız örneklemler T-Testi, Tek Yönlü Varyans Analizi (Analysis of Variance-ANOVA), Mann Whitney U Testi ve Kruskal Wallis Testi gibi istatistiksel yöntemlerle her alt ölçek için ayrı ayrı analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda, ISO 14001 ÇYS’ye geçişte etken olan finansal faktörlerin ihracat yapma durumuna göre, çevre ile ilgili faktörlerin çalışan sayısına göre, rekabetle ilgili faktörlerin ise sektöre göre farklılık gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. ISO 14001 ÇYS’nin uygulanması incelendiğinde ise, çevre yönetim faaliyetleriyle ilgili süreçlerde elde edilen iyileşmelerin çalışan sayısına göre, firma genel performansına yönelik iyileşmelerin satış hasılatlarına göre farklılıklar gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. İşletmelerin çevreye duyarlı faaliyetleri uygularken en sık karşılaştığı güçlükler; toplumun, firmaların ve çalışanların çevresel bilinç eksikliği, çevre sorunlarının firmalar için önemli maliyetlere neden olması olarak belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca firmalarla yapılan yüz yüze görüşmeler sonucunda, işletmelerde üst yönetimden en alt kademelerine kadar tüm birimlerin temel kaygısının hedeflenen miktarda üretim ve ihracata ulaşarak; ek maliyet çıkaran her şeyden uzak durmak olduğu görülmüştür. Özellikle, ISO 14001 ÇYS almayı düşünmeyen işletmelerin, sertifika edinim sürecinin getirdiği ek maliyetler sebebiyle sertifika edinmekten kaçındığı ancak kendi çabalarıyla çevreci faaliyetler gösterdikleri görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Temiz Üretim Çevre Yönetim Sistemi ISO 14001 Antalya Organize Sanayi Bölgesi

Kaynakça

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  • • AKATAY, A. VE ASLAN, Ş., (2008), Yeşil Yönetim ve İşletmeleri ISO 14001 Sertifikası Almaya Yönelten Faktörler.
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  • • GÖKÇE, S., (2018), Çevre Kirliliğini Önlemek İçin Neler Yapabiliriz?, https://sifiratik.co/2018/10/04/cevre-kirliligini-onlemek/ (Erişim Tarihi: 09.05.2019).
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  • • MORROW, D. & RONDINELLI, D., (2002), Adopting corporate environmental management systems: Motivations and results of ISO 14001 and EMAS certification, European management journal, 20 (2), 159-171.
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  • • NEE, G. Y. & WAHID, N. A., (2010), The effect of ISO 14001 environmental management system implementation on SMEs performance: An empirical study in Malaysia, Journal of Sustainable Development, 3 (2), 215.
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  • • ÖZDENKOŞ, O., (2010), Çimento Fabrikalarında Kalite ve Çevre Yönetimi Sistemleri: Sektörde Bir Uygulama, (Doctoral Dissertation, DEÜ Sosyal Bilimleri Enstitüsü).
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  • • POTOSKI, M. & PRAKASH, A., (2005), Green clubs and voluntary governance: ISO 14001 and firms' regulatory compliance, American journal of political science, 49 (2), 235-248.
  • • PRAJOGO, D., TANG, A. K. & LAI, K. H., (2012), Do firms get what they want from ISO 14001 adoption?: An Australian perspective, Journal of Cleaner Production, 33, 117-126.
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  • • PSOMAS, E. L., FOTOPOULOS, C. V. & KAFETZOPOULOS, D. P., (2011), Motives, Difficulties and Benefits in Implementing the ISO 14001 Environmental Management System, Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal, 22 (4), 502-521.
  • • QI, G., ZENG, S., LI, X. & TAM, C., (2012), Role of internalization process in defining the relationship between ISO 14001 certification and corporate environmental performance, Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 19 (3), 129-140.
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  • • RUSSO, M. V. & FOUTS, P. A., (1997), A resource-based perspective on corporate environmental performance and profitability, Academy of management Journal, 40 (3), 534-559.
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  • • SAMBASIVAN, M. & FEI, N. Y., (2008), Evaluation of critical success factors of implementation of ISO 14001 using analytic hierarchy process (AHP): A case study from Malaysia, Journal of cleaner production, 16 (13), 1424-1433.
  • • SARITAŞ, O. VE AYLEN, J., (2010), Using scenarios for roadmapping: The case of clean production, Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 77 (7), 1061-1075. • STEAD, J. G. & STEAD, W. E., (2017), Management for a small planet, Routledge.
  • • STRACHAN, P. A., SINCLAIR, I. M. & LAL, D., (2003), Managing ISO 14001 Implementation in the United Kingdom Continental Shelf (UKCS), Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 10 (1), 50-63.
  • • TAKAHASHI, T. & NAKAMURA, M., (2010), The impact of operational characteristics on firms' EMS decisions: Strategic adoption of ISO 14001 certifications, Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 17 (4), 215-229.
  • • TAN, M., AYHAN, E. VE BAYDAŞ, M., (2016), Sustainability and cleaner production: Case of textile and clothing sectors in Bingöl, The Journal of Macro Trends in Energy and Sustainability, 4 (1), 22-33.
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  • • TOKSÖZ, R. A., (2011), OHSAS 18001 İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Yönetim Sisteminin ISO 14001 Çevre Yönetim Sistemi İle İlişkileri ve Bir Örnek Uygulama, (Doctoral Dissertation, DEÜ Sosyal Bilimleri Enstitüsü).
  • • TÜTÜNCÜ, S. İ. VE ŞAHİN, N., (2012), Üretimde Kirlilik Önleme Yaklaşımı ve Devletin Konumu, Ekonomi Bilimleri Dergisi, 4 (2), 119-129.
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  • • YAZGAN, H. İ., YILDIZ, M. S. VE YÜCEL, S., (2014), Temiz Üretimin Firma Performansına Etkisi: Düzce Sanayi İşletmelerinde Bir Araştırma, Journal of International Social Research, 7 (32).
  • • YIN, H. & SCHMEIDLER, P. J., (2009), Why do standardized ISO 14001 environmental management systems lead to heterogeneous environmental outcomes?, Business Strategy and the Environment, 18 (7), 469-486.
  • • YÜCEL, M., (2011), Çeşitli Endüstrilerde Temiz Üretim Sistemi Uygulamalarının İşletme Ekonomilerine Sağladığı Faydalar, Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 10 (35), 150-166.
  • • YÜCEL, M. VE EKMEKÇİLER, Ü. S., (2008), Çevre Dostu Ürün Kavramına Bütünsel Yaklaşım: Temiz Üretim Sistemi, Eko-Etiket, Yeşil Pazarlama, Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 7 (26), 320-333.
  • • YÜKSEL, H., (2008), An empirical evaluation of cleaner production practices in Turkey, Journal of Cleaner Production, 16 (1), 50-57.
  • • ZEYTİN, M. & KIRLIOĞLU, H., (2014), Çevre Yönetim Sistemi ve Yerel Yönetimler, Akademik Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, Yıl, 2, 238-254.
Toplam 90 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Gül Ekşi 0000-0002-5392-2899

Mine Ömürgönülşen 0000-0001-6905-1154

Yayımlanma Tarihi 18 Mart 2020
Gönderilme Tarihi 18 Ekim 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Ekşi, G., & Ömürgönülşen, M. (2020). TEMİZ ÜRETİM UYGULAMALARI: ANTALYA ORGANİZE SANAYİ BÖLGESİ’NDE ISO 14001 ÇYS UYGULAYAN FİRMALAR ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA. Verimlilik Dergisi(2), 7-44.
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