ÇEVİKLİK KRİTERLERİ VE TOPSIS YÖNTEMİ KULLANILARAK TEDARİKÇİ SEÇİMİ: İKLİMLENDİRME SEKTÖRÜNDE GERÇEKLEŞTİRİLEN BİR UYGULAMA

Yıl 2022, Sayı: 3, 539 - 558, 30.07.2022

Alper Reisoğlu , Murat Bolelli

https://doi.org/10.51551/verimlilik.682743

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amaçları, belirsizlik altında dış çevrede oluşan değişikliklere hızlı yanıt verebilme kabiliyeti olarak tanımlanan çeviklik kavramı bileşenlerinin, tedarikçi seçim sürecinde kriter olarak kullanımının incelenmesi ve TOPSIS yöntemi ile uygulamaya yönelik bir model geliştirilmesidir.

Yöntem: Araştırmanın uygulaması iklimlendirme sektöründe yapılmış olup metal işlem ve plastik enjeksiyon parçalarının yurt içinde üretimi için uygun tedarikçi seçimi konusu ele alınmıştır. Tedarikçiler, Sharifi ve Zhang’in Örgütsel Çeviklik Modeli’nde (2001) yer alan çeviklik yetenekleri ve kriterleri baz alınarak değerlendirilmiştir. Değerlendirme sonuçları TOPSIS yöntemi ile analiz edilmiş, metal işlem ve plastik enjeksiyon parça tedarikçilerinin çeviklik performansları ayrı ayrı hesaplanmış ve alternatifler sıralanmıştır.

Bulgular: Sonuç olarak, çeviklik kriterlerini ve TOPSIS yöntemini kullanan modelin, tedarikçi seçiminde kullanılabileceği anlaşılmıştır. Çalışmanın bir diğer çıktısı da çeviklik yetenekleri baz alınarak değerlendirilen tedarikçilerin geliştirilmesi gereken yönlerinin tespit edilmesi olmuştur.

Özgünlük: Bu çalışmanın literatürdeki diğer çalışmalara göre özgün yanları, metal şekillendirme ve plastik enjeksiyon sektörlerinde hizmet veren tedarikçi çeviklik skorlarını ölçümlemesi, iki farklı sektöre ait tedarikçilerin çeviklik skorlarını tek bir çalışmada ölçümlemesi ve çeviklik tabanlı tedarikçi seçimini iklimlendirme sektöründe uygulamasıdır. Ayrıca, bu çalışma çevikliğin verimlilik ile bağlantısının ortaya konulması açısından literatürdeki diğer çalışmalardan ayrılmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Örgütsel Çeviklik, TOPSIS, Çok Kriterli Karar Verme

Teşekkür

Makale yazım süresince değerli desteği ve zamanını esirgemeyen değerli danışmanım Dr. Öğretim Üyesi Murat Bolelli'ye teşekkürü bir borç bilirim.

APPLICATION OF TOPSIS METHOD IN SUPPLIER SELECTION PROBLEM USING AGILITY CRITERIA: A STUDY FROM TURKISH AIR CONDITIONING INDUSTRY

Öz

Purpose: Purposes of this study are to examine the use of components of agility concept which is defined as the ability to respond quickly against changes in the external environment under uncertainties as criteria for supplier selection and develop a model using TOPSIS method.

Methodology: Application of the research is conducted in air-conditioning industry in which selection of domestic sheet metal forming and plastic injection parts suppliers are taken into consideration. Suppliers are evaluated by the specialists based on agility components and criteria asserted by Sharifi and Zhang (2001). Agility performance of sheet metal forming and plastic injection parts suppliers are calculated seperately using TOPSIS method and alternatives are listed.

Findings: As a result, the model which is uses the agility criteria and TOPSIS method can be used for supplier selection. Another result of the study is specifying the improvement areas of the suppliers which are evaluated by their agility capabilities.

Originality: The originalities of this study when it is compared with other studies in the literature are that it measures the agility scores of suppliers which are serving in metal forming and plastic injection industries, measures the agility scores of suppliers from two different industries in one study and applies agility-based supplier selection in the air conditioning industry. In addition, this study distinguishes itself from other studies in the literature in terms of revealing the connection of agility with productivity.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Organizational Agility, TOPSIS, Multi-Criteria Decision Making

Kaynakça

• Abesi, A., Mohammadi, M. ve Shafieepur, D. (2013). “The Role of Organizational Agility Capabilities in the Successful Performance of the National Production”, World of Sciences Journal, 3, 17-32.
• Agrawal, V.P., Kohli, V. ve Gupta, S. (1991). “Computer-Aided Robot Selection: The Multiple Attribute Decision Making Approach”, International Journal of Production Research, 29, 8, 1629-1644.
• Agrawal, V.P., Verma, A. ve Agarwal, S. (1992). “Computer-Aided Evaluation and Selection of Optimum Grippers”, International Journal of Production Research, 30, 11, 2713-2732.
• Akkaya. B. ve Tabak, A. (2018). “Örgütsel Çeviklik Ölçeğinin Türkçeye Uyarlanması: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması”, İş ve İnsan Dergisi, 5, 2, 185-206.
• Athawale, V.M. ve Chakraborty, S. (2010). “A TOPSIS Method-Based Approach to Machine Tool Selection”, Proceedings of the 2010 International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
• Aydeniz, N. (2004). “Analitik Hiyerarşi Sürecinin Tedarikçi Seçimi Problemine Uygulanması”, Atatürk Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 1-2, 18, 189-205.
• Bakan, İ., Buket, S. ve Kara C. (2017). “Bilgi Yönetiminin Örgütsel Çeviklik ve Örgütsel Atalet Üzerindeki Etkisi”, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 7, 121-123.
• Baki, B. (2003). “21. Yüzyılın Üretim Paradigması: Çevik Üretim”, Atatürk Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 17(1-2), 291-305.
• Baraei, E.K. ve Mirzaei, M. (2018). “Identification of Factors Affecting on Organizational Agility and Its Impact on Productivity”, UCT Journal of Management and Accounting Studies, 6(4), 8-15.
• Barreto, I. (2010). “Dynamic Capabilities: A Review of Past Research and an Agenda for the Future”, Journal of Management, 36(1), 256-280.
• Baykal, İ.Ö. (2007). “Çok Ölçütlü Karar Verme Yöntemlerinin Personel Seçimi Problemine Uygulanması”, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Galatasaray Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
• Benitez, J.M., Martin, J.C. ve Roman, C. (2007). “Using Fuzzy Number for Measuring Quality of Service in the Hotel Industry”, Tourism Management, 28(2), 544-555.
• Bozkurt, V. ve Baştürk, Ş. (2009). “KOBİ Girişimcilerinde Risk ve Belirsizlik Algıları: Bursa Örneği, Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi, 64(2), 43-74.
• Brannen, M.Y. ve Doz, Y.L. (2012). “Corporate Languages and Strategic Agility: Trapped in Your Jargon or Lost in Translation?”, California Management Review, 54(3), 77-97.
• Braunscheidel, M.J. ve Suresh, N.C. (2009). “The Organizational Antecedents of a Firm’s Supply Chain Agility for Risk Mitigation and Response”, Journal of Operations Management, 27(2), 119-140.
• Brusset, X. (2016). “Does Supply Chain Visibility Enhance Agility?”, International Journal Production Economics, 171, 46-59.
• Cao, Q. ve Dowlatshahi, S. (2005). “The Impact of Alignment Between Virtual Enterprise and Information Technology on Business Performance in An Agile Manufacturing Environment”, Journal of Operations Management, 23(5), 531-550.
• Chan, F.T.S. ve Chan, H.K. (2004). “Development of The Supplier Selection Model- A Case Study in the Advanced Technology Industry”, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, 218(12), 1807-1824.
• Chan, F.T.S., Kumar, N., Tiwari, M.K., Lau, H.C.W. ve Choy, K.L. (2008). “Global Supplier Selection: A Fuzzy-AHP Approach”, International Journal of Production Research, 46(14), 3825-3857.
• Chau, O.L. ve Parkan, C. (1995). “Selection of a Manufacturing Process with Multiple Attributes: A Case Study”, Journal of Engineering and Technology Management, 12(3), 219-237.
• Christopher, M. (2000). “The Agile Supply Chain Competing in Volatile Markets”, Industrial Marketing Management, 29, 37-44.
• Christopher, M. ve Towill, D.R. (2000). “Supply Chain Migration from Lean and Functional to Agile and Customized”, Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 5(4), 206-213.
• Chu, T.C. ve Lin, Y.C. (2003). “A Fuzzy TOPSIS Method for Robot Selection”, The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 21, 284-290.
• Crocitto, M. ve Youssef, M. (2003). “The Human Side of Organizational Agility”, Industrial Management ve Data Systems, 103(6), 388-397.
• Çizmecioğlu, S. (2019). “Tedarik Zincirinde Çok Kriterli Karar Verme Yöntemleriyle Sürdürülebilir Tedarikçi Seçimi ve İmalat Sektöründe Bir Uygulama”, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, KTO Karatay Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Konya.
• Dağdeviren, M. ve Eren, T. (2001). “Tedarikçi Firma Seçiminde Analitik Hiyerarşi Prosesi ve 0-1 Hedef Programlama Yöntemlerinin Kullanılması”, Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik ve Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, 16(2), 41-52.
• Dekker, A.H. (2006). “Measuring the Agility of Networked Military Forces”, Journal of Battlefield Technology, 9(1), 1-6.
• Demireli, E. (2010). “TOPSIS Çok Kriterli Karar Verme Sistemi: Türkiye’deki Kamu Bankaları Üzerine Bir Uygulama”, Girişimcilik ve Kalkınma Dergisi, 5(1), 101-112.
• Dickson, G.W. (1966). “An Analysis of Vendor Selection Systems and Decisions”, Journal of Purchasing, 2(1), 5-17.
• Dodangeh, J., Yusuf, R.B.M. ve Jassbi, J. (2011). “The Best Selection of Strategic Plans in Balanced Scorecard Using Multi-Objective Decision Making Model”, African Journal of Business Management, 5(3), 681-686.
• Durdudiler, M. (2006). “Perakende Sektöründe Tedarikçi Performans Değerlemesinde AHP ve Bulanık AHP Uygulaması”, Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
• Ebrahimpour, H., Salarifar, M. ve Asiaei, A. (2012). “The Relationship between Agility Capabilities and Organizational Performance: A Case Study among Home Appliance Factories in Iran”, European Journal of Business and Management, 4(17), 186-195.
• Ecer, F. (2006). “Bulanık Ortamlarda Grup Kararı Vermeye Yardımcı Bir Yöntem: Fuzzy TOPSIS ve Bir Uygulama”, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi, 7(2), 77-96.
• Eleren, A. ve Ersoy, M. (2007). “Mermer Blok Kesim Yöntemlerinin Bulanık TOPSIS Yöntemiyle Değerlendirilmesi”, Madencilik, 46(3), 9-22.
• Eleren, A. ve Karagül, M. (2008). “1986-2006 Türkiye Ekonomisinin Performans Değerlendirmesi”, Celal Bayar Üniversitesi İİBF Yönetim ve Ekonomi Dergisi, 15(1), 1-14.
• Farrow, D., Young, W. ve Bruce, L. (2005). “The Development of a Test of Reactive Agility for Netball: A New Methodology”, Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 8(1), 52-60.
• Feng, C.M. ve Wang, R.T. (2000). “Performance Evaluation for Airlines Including the Consideration of Financial Ratios”, Journal of Air Transport Management, 6(3), 133-142.
• Fliedner, G. ve Yokurka, R.J. (1997). “Agility: Competetive Weapon of the 1990s and Beyond?”, Production and Inventory Management Journal, Third Quarter, APICS, 19-24.
• Ganguly, A., Nilchiani, R. ve Farr, J.V. (2009). “Evaluating Agility Incorporate Enterprises”, International Journal of Production Economics, 118, 410-423.
• Ghodsypour, S.H. ve O’Brien, C. (1998). “A Decision Support System for Supplier Selection Using an Integrated Analytic Hierarchy Process and Linear Programming”, International Journal of Production Economics, 56-57, 199-212.
• Gunasekaran, P., Patel, C. ve Tırtıroğlu, E. (2001). “Performance Measures and Metrics in a Supply Chain Environment”, International Journal of Operations & Production Management, 21, 71-87.
• Gündoğan, T. ve Güner, S. (2018). “Tedarikçi Çevikliğinin Ölçülmesine Yönelik Bir Yaklaşım Önerisi: Otomotiv Sektörü Uygulaması”, İşletme Bilimi Dergisi, 6(1), 1-25.
• Güner, H. (2005). “Bulanık AHP ve Bir İşletme İçin Tedarikçi Seçme Problemine Uygulanması”, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Pamukkale Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Denizli.
• Hall, A.D. (1989). “Metasystems Methodology: A New Synthesis and Unification”, Pergamon Press, Oxford.
• Hay E.J. (2000). “Tam Zamanında Yönetim Yeni Üretim Temellerinin Uygulanması (Just-In-Time Breakthrough)”, Türkmen Kitabevi, İstanbul.
• Hormozi, M.A. (2001). “Agile Manufacturing: The Next Logical Step”, Benchmarking: An International Journal, 8(2), 132-143.
• Hsu, T.K., Tsai, Y.F. ve Wu, H.H. (2009). “The Preference Analysis for Tourist Choice of Destination: A Case Study of Taiwan”, Tourism Management, 30(2), 288-297.
• Hwang, C.L. ve Yoon, K. (1981). “Multiple Attribute Decision Making: Methods and Applications”, Springer-Verlang, New York.
• Hwang, C.L., Lai, Y.J. ve Liu, T.Y. (1994). “TOPSIS for MODM”, European Journal of Operational Research, 76(3), 486-500.
• Kahraman, C., Cebeci, U. ve Ulukan, Z. (2003). “Multicriteria Supplier Selection Using Fuzzy AHP”, Logistics Information Management, 16(6), 382-394.
• Kantar Millward Brown BrandZ, 2019 Top 100 Most Valuable Global Brands Report, https://www.rankingthebrands.com, (Erişim Tarihi: 17/08/2019).
• Karaca, Y. (2011). Çok Kriterli Karar Verme Metotları ve Analitik Hiyerarşi Süreci ile Matematik Eğitimi Alanında Bir Uygulama, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Bozok Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Yozgat.
• Kasap, G.C. ve Peker D. (2009). “Çevik Üretim: Otomotiv Ana Sanayisinde Faaliyet Gösteren Bir İşletmenin Çevikliğinin Ortaya Konmasına Yönelik Bir Araştırma”, Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 8(27), 57-78.
• Kehoe, D. ve Boughton, N. (2001). “Internet Based Supply Chain Management: A Classification of Approaches to Manufacturing Planning and Control”, Internatioal Journal of Operations & Production Management, 21(4), 516-524.
• Keshtegar, A.A. ve Seyedzadeh, S. (2014). “The Study of the Relationship Between Agility and Employee Productivity (Case Study: Governor of Sistan and Baluchestan)”, Applied Mathematics in Engineering, Management and Technology, 2(3), 335-345.
• Labaf, H. ve Bigdelli, E. (2015). “The Impact of Organizational Agility on Efficiency and Job Satisfaction”, Journal UMP Social Sciences and Technology Management, 3(3), 153-160.
• Li, X., Chung, C., Goldsby, T.J. ve Holsapple, C.W. (2008). “A Unified Model of Supply Chain Agility: The Work‐Design Perspective”, International Journal of Logistics Management, 19(3), 408-435.
• Lin, C.T., Chiu, H. ve Chu, P.Y. (2006). “Agility Index in the Supply Chain”, International Journal of Production Economics, 100(2), 285-299.
• Liu, Fuh-Hwa F. ve Hui L.H. (2005). “The Voting Analytic Hierarchy Process Method for Selecting Supplier”, International Journal of Production Economics, 97, 308-317.
• Lummus, R.R., Vokurka, R.J. ve Duclo, L.K. (2005). “Delphi Study on Supply Chain Flexibility”, International Journal of Produciton Research, 43(13), 2678-2708.
• Marvin, E.G., Gioconda, Q. ve Carlo, A.M.M. (2003). “Article Information: Determining the İmportance of the Supplier Selection Process in Manufacturing: A Case Study”, International Journal of Physical Distribution and Logistics Management, 34(6), 492-504.
• Matawale, C.R., Datta, S. ve Mahapatra, S.S. (2016). “Supplier Selection in Agile Supply Chain: Application Potential of FMLMCDM Approach in Comparison with Fuzzy-TOPSIS and Fuzzy-MOORA”, Benchmarking, 23(7), 2027-2060.
• Mehdibeigi, N., Dehghani, M. ve Yaghoubi, N.M. (2016). “Customer Knowledge Management and Organization’s Effectiveness: Explaining the Mediator Role of Organizational Agility”, Procedia – Socialand Behavioral Sciences, 230, 94-103.
• Meurs, I.V. (2012). “An Agile Organization: The Influence of Trust and Empowerment on the Agility of an Organization”, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Erasmus University, Rotterdam School of Management, Rotterdam.
• Millward Brown BrandZ (2019). “2006 Top 100 Most Powerful Brands Report”, https://octavioislas.files.wordpress.com, (Erişim Tarihi: 17/08/2019).
• Mohammadi, M., Nikpour, A. ve Chamanifard, R. (2015). “The Relationship between Organizational Agility and Employee’s Productivity (Case Study: Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports, Iran)”, Fourth International Conference IT in Education, Research and Business-ITERB, 1, 23-41.
• Mukherjee, A. ve Nath, P. (2005). “An Empirical Assessment of Comparative Approaches to Service Quality Measurement”, Journal of Services Marketing, 19(3), 174-184.
• Nagel, R.N. (1992). “21st Century Manufacturing Enterprise Strategy Report”, Office of Naval Research Arlington, VA.
• Nagel, R.N. ve Bhargava, P. (1994). “Agility: The Ultimate Requirement for World‐Class Manufacturing Performance”, Global Business and Organizational Excellence, 13(3), 331-340.
• Narasimhan R. (1983). “An Analytical Approach to Supplier Selection”, Journal of Purchasing and Management, 19(4), 27-32.
• Nath, A.K., Saha, P. ve Salehi S.E. (2008). “Transforming Supply Chains in Digital Content Delivery: A Case Study in Apple”, Research and Practical Issues of Enterprise Information Systems II, 1079-1089.
• Naylor J.B., Naim M.M. ve Berry, D. (1999). “Leagility: Integrating the Lean and Agile Manufacturing Paradigms in the Total Supply Chain”, International Journal of Production Economics, 62(8), 107-118.
• Nejatian, M. ve Hossein, Z.M. (2013). “Moving Towards Organizational Agility: Are We Improving in the Right Direction?”, Global Journal of Flexible Systems Management, 14(4), 241-253.
• Ng, W.L. (2008). “An Efficient and Simple Model for Multiple Criteria Supplier Selection Problem”, European Journal of Operational Research, 186(3), 1059-1067.
• Nydick, R.L. ve Hill, R.P. (1992). “Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process to Structure the Supplier Selection Procedure”, International Journal of Purchasing and Materials Management, 28(2), 31-36.
• Okul, D. (2012). “Stokastik Çok Kriterli Karar Vermede Yeni Bir Yöntem: SMAATOPSIS ve Bir Uygulama”, Doktora Tezi, Kara Harp Okulu Savunma Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara.
• Özbay, T. (2004). “Sorularla Dış Kaynak Kullanımı (Outsourcing)”, İşletme Yönetiminde Yeni Eğilimler Dizisi-5, İstanbul Ticaret Odası, Yayın No: 2004-27, İstanbul.
• Özdemir, M. (2014). “TOPSIS Yöntemi”, Operasyonel, Yönetsel ve Stratejik Problemlerin Çözümünde Çok Kriterli Karar Verme Yöntemleri, Editörler: Yıldırım B. F. ve Önder E., 133-146, Dora Basım Yayın Dağıtım, Bursa.
• Özgül, Ö. ve Yazgan, H.R. (2006). “Bir İşletme İçin TOPSIS ve AHP Yöntemleri ile ERP Yazılımının Seçimi”, 26. Yöneylem Araştırması ve Endüstri Mühendisliği Konferansı, Kocaeli.
• Parkan, C. ve Wu, M.L. (1998). “Process Selection with Multiple Objective and Subjective Attributes”, Production Planning & Control the Management of Operations, 9(2), 189-200.
• Parkan, C. ve Wu, M.L. (1999). “Decision-Making and Performance Measurement Models with Applications to Robot Selection”, Computers & Industrial Engineering, 36(3), 503-523.
• Pi, W.N. ve Low, C. (2006). “Supplier Evaluation and Selection Via Taguchi Loss Functions and an AHP”, International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 27, 625-630.
• Prahalad, C.K. ve Hamel, G. (1990). “The Core Competence of the Corporation”, Harvard Business Review, 68(3), 79-91.
• Rostami B.M. ve Hafizi, A. (2015). “The Effect of Organizational Agility on Manpower’s Productivity: Case Study (Esfahan Governorate)”, VISI Journal Akademik, 2(9), 84-89.
• Sajad, F., Ambika, Z. ve Andrew, O'L. (2017). “Understanding and Development of Supply Chain Agility and Flexibility: A Structured Literature Review, International Journal of Management Reviews, 19, 379-407.
• Sanchez, A.M. ve Perez, M. (2005). Supply Chain Flexibility and Firm Performance a Conceptual Model and Empirical Study in the Automotive Industry”, International Journal of Operations & Production Management, 25(7), 681-700.
• Sawhney, R. (2006). “Interplay Between Uncertainly and Flexibility Across the Valuechain: Towards a Transformation Model of Manufacturing Flexibility”, Journal of Operations Management, 24, 476-493.
• Shahaei, B. (2008). “Paradigm of Agility, Definitions, Features and Concepts”, Tadbir Publication, 194, 14-18.
• Sharifi, H. ve Zhang, Z. (1999). “A Methodology for Achieving Agility in Manufacturing Organisations: An Introduction”, International Journal of Production Economics, 62(1), 7-22.
• Sharifi, H. ve Zhang, Z. (2001). “Agile Manufacturing in Practice-Application of a Methodology”, International Journal of Operations and Production Management, 21(5-6), 772-794.
• Sharifi, H., Colquhoun, G., Barclay, I. ve Dann, Z. (2001). “Agile Manufacturing: A Management and Operational Framework. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers-Part B. Engineering Manufacture”, Professional Engineering Publishing, 215(6), 857-869.
• Sherehiy, B., Karwowski, W. ve Layer, J.K. (2007). “A Review of Enterprise Agility: Concepts, Frameworks, and Attributes”, International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 37(5), 445-460.
• Shin, H., Lee, J., Kim, D. ve Rhim, H. (2015). “Strategic Agility of Korean Small and Medium Enterprises and Its Influence on Operational and Firm Performance”, International Journal of Production Economics, 168, 181-196.
• Sukati, I., Hamid, A.B., Baharun, R., Yusoff, R.M. ve Anuar, M.A. (2012). “The Effect of Organizational Practices on Supply Chain Agility: An Empirical Investigation on Malaysia Manufacturing Industry”, Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 40, 274-281.
• Swafford, P.M., Ghosh, S. ve Murthy, N. (2006). “The Antecedents of Supply Chain Agility of a Firm: Scale Development and Model Testing”, Journal of Operations Management, 24, 170-188.
• Şahin, E., Çemberci, M., Civelek, M.E. ve Uca, N. (2017). “The Role of Agility in the Effect of Trust in Supply Chain on Firm Performance”, Management Studies, 5, 336-345.
• Teece, D., Pisano, G. ve Shuen, A. (1997). “Dynamic Capabilities and Strategic Management”, Strategic Management Journal, 18, 509-533.
• Tseng, Y.J. ve Lin, Y.H. (2005). “A Model for Supplier Selection and Tasks Assignment”, Journal of American Academy of Business, 6(2), 197-207.
• Triantaphyllou, E. (2000). “Multi-Criteria Decision Making Method: A Comparative Study”, Springer Science-Business Media, 44 of the Applied Optimization, Dordrecht, 5-21.
• Uğurlu, Ö.Y., Çolakoğlu, E. ve Öztosun, E. (2019). “Stratejik Çevikliğin Firma Performansına Etkisi: Üretim İşletmelerinde Bir Araştırma”, İş ve İnsan Dergisi, 6(1), 93-106.
• Vickery, S., Calantone, R. ve Droge, C. (1999). “Supply Chain Flexibility: An Empirical Study”, The Journal of Supply Chain Management: A Global Review of Purchasing and Supply Copyright, 35(3), 16-24.
• Volberda, H.W. (1996). “Toward the Flexible Form: How to Remain Vital in Hypercompetitive Environments”, Organization Science, 7(4), 359-374.
• Wadhwa, S., Saxena, A. ve Chan, F.T.S. (2008). “Framework for Flexibility in Dynamic Supply Chain Management”, International Journal of Production Research, 46(6), 1373-1404.
• Weber, C.A. (1991). “A Decision Support System Using Multi-Criteria Techniques for Vendor Selection”, Doktora Tezi, Ohio State University, Ohio.
• Winkler, H. (2009). “How to Improve Supply Chain Flexibility Using Strategic Supply Chain Networks”, Logistics Research, 1(1), 15-25.
• Womack, J.P., Jones, D.T. ve Roos, D. (1993). “Dünyayı Değiştiren Makine”, Otomotiv Sanayi Derneği, 3. Baskı, İstanbul.
• Xu, Q., Zhang, Y.B., Zhang, J. ve Lv., X.G. (2015). “Improved TOPSIS Model and Its Application in the Evaluation of NCAA Basketball Coaches”, Modern Applied Science, 9(2), 259-268.
• Yılmaz, G. (2003). “Geleneksel Üretimden Esnek Üretime: Karşılaştırmalı Bir İnceleme”, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 5(4).
• Yoon, K. (1987). “A Reconciliation Among Discrete Compromise Situations”, Journal of Operational Research Society, 38, 277-286.
• Yurdakul, M. ve İç, Y.T. (2005). “Development of a Performance Measurement Model for Manufacturing Companies Using the AHP and TOPSIS Approaches”, International Journal of Production Research, 43(21), 4609-4641.
• Yusuf, Y.Y., Sarhadi, M. ve Gunasekaran, A. (1999). Agile Manufacturing: The Drivers, Concepts and Attributes, International Journal of Production Economics, 62, 1-2, 33-43.
• Zain, M., Rose, R.C., Abdullah, I. ve Masrom, M. (2005). “The Relationship Between Information Technology Acceptance and Organizational Agility in Malaysia”, Information & Management, 42, 829-839.
• Zaheer, A. ve Zaheer, S. (1997). “Catching the Wave: Alertness, Responsiveness, and the Market Influence in Global Electronic Networks”, Management Science, 43(11), 1493-1509.
• Zarkashan, F. (2013). “Investigating the Relationship between Organizational Agility and Employee’s Performance According to a Variety of Organizational Culture in Executive Organizations of Qazvin City”, MA Thesis, Department of Public Administration, Qazvin Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran.
• Zeleny, A. (1982). “Multiple Criteria Decision Making”, McGraw-Hill, New York.
• Zhang, Z. ve Sharifi, H. (2000). “A Methodology for Achieving Agility in Manufacturing Organisations”, International Journal of Operations and Production Management, 20(4), 496-513.
• Zhang, D.Z. (2011). “Towards Theory Building in Agile Manufacturing Strategies-Case Studies of an Agility Taxonomy”, International Journal of Production Economics, 131(1), 303-312.