Türkiye’deki Devlet Üniversitelerinde Yazılım Tedarik Kararları: GAHP ve Duyarlılık Analizi Uygulaması

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 59 Sayı: 4, 925 - 942, 08.10.2025

Mustafa Kaya

https://doi.org/10.51551/verimlilik.1633117

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışma, Türkiye'deki devlet üniversitelerinin Bilgi İşlem Daire Başkanlıkları (BİDB) bünyesinde yazılım tedarik süreçlerini verimliliği sağlayacak, sistematik ve bilimsel bir yöntemle yönetmelerine yardımcı olacak bir karar modeli sunmayı amaçlamaktadır.
Yöntem: Çalışmada, altı temel kriter (Maliyet, Teknik Uygunluk, Zaman ve Hız, Performans ve Kalite, Güvenlik ve Uyumluluk, Risk ve Esneklik) ve yedi alternatif (Tamamen Kurum İçi Geliştirme, Kısmen Dış Kaynak Kullanımı, Tamamen Dış Kaynak Kullanımı, Hazır Yazılım, Hibrit/Modüler Çözüm, Ortak Geliştirme, Bulut Çözüm) değerlendirilmiştir. Karar verme sürecine beş uzman katılmış, her biri teknik uygunluk, bütçe, güvenlik ve kullanıcı deneyimi gibi alanlarda katkı sağlamıştır. Çalışmada Grup Analitik Hiyerarşi Süreci (GAHP) yöntemi kullanılarak, karar vericilerin kolektif uzmanlığını nesnel bir çerçevede birleştirmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Bulgular: GAHP ve duyarlılık analizi sonuçları, Tamamen Kurum İçi Geliştirmenin en iyi alternatif olduğunu göstermektedir. Ayrıca, modelin karar değişimlerine karşı dayanıklı olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Özgünlük: Bu çalışma, Türkiye'deki devlet üniversitelerinde yazılım tedarik süreçlerine yönelik GAHP uygulamasını içeren sınırlı sayıdaki çalışmalardan biridir. Aynı zamanda, Sıralama Tersine Dönmesi Yöntemi ile duyarlılık analizi gerçekleştirilmiş ve karar modelinin istikrarı test edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çok Kriterli Karar Verme , Tedarikçi Seçimi , Grup Analitik Hiyerarşi Süreci (GAHP) , Karar Destek Sistemleri , Yönetim Bilişim Sistemleri

Software Supply Decisions in State Universities in Türkiye: An Application of GAHP and Sensitivity Analysis

Öz

Purpose: This study aims to present a decision model designed to help the Information Technology Departments (ITDs) of state universities in Türkiye manage software procurement processes more efficiently through a systematic and scientific approach.
Methodology: Six key criteria (Cost, Technical Suitability, Time and Speed, Performance and Quality, Security and Compliance, and Risk and Flexibility) and seven alternatives (In-House Development, Partial Outsourcing, Full Outsourcing, Off-the-Shelf Software, Hybrid/Modular Solution, Joint Development, and Cloud Solution) were evaluated. Five experts participated in the decision-making process, each contributing expertise in areas such as technical suitability, budgeting, security, and user experience. The Group Analytic Hierarchy Process (GAHP) method was applied to integrate the collective expertise of decision-makers into an objective framework.
Findings: The results of GAHP and the sensitivity analysis show that In-House Development is the most favorable alternative. Moreover, the model was found to be robust against ranking reversals.
Originality: This study is among the limited research focusing on the application of Group AHP in software procurement processes within Turkish state universities. In addition, sensitivity analysis was conducted using the rank reversal method, which confirmed the stability of the decision model.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) , Supplier Selection , Group Analytic Hierarchy Process (GAHP) , Decision Support Systems , Management Information Systems

Kaynakça

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