OVERVIEW OF MOLECULAR DIAGNOSTIC METHODS FOR COVID-19

Öz

This review is prepared to give information about the molecular diagnosis methods of a new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, which causes pandemic in a short time. In order to prevent the COVID-19 pandemic, which causes serious global destruction, the development of sensitive and specific laboratory diagnostic methods are crucial to identify cases quickly and reliably. Diagnostic tests have played an important role in the COVID-19 pandemic and will continue to play. Rapid sampling and testing of patients meeting the suspected case definition for COVID-19 is a priority for clinical management and outbreak control. The ability to detect SARS-CoV-2 in respiratory secretions is necessary to determine when an individual becomes infected and the potential for infecting other persons. Viral detection is used to identify individual patients, manage pandemics, as well as determine when and how quickly the virus is transmitted to a community. As communities seek to re-open after closure periods, the detection of both SARS-CoV-2 and specific antibodies that recognize the virus will become increasingly important as a tool for assessing infection and immunity in individuals and populations. For this purpose, nucleic acid amplification and serological tests are used to detect the SARS-CoV-2.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• COVID-19
• Nucleic acid amplification test
• SARS-Cov-2
• Serological analysis

COVID-19 İÇİN MOLEKÜLER TANI YÖNTEMLERİNE GENEL BAKIŞ

Öz

Bu derleme, kısa bir süre içinde pandemiye sebep olan, yeni bir koronavirüs SARS-CoV-2’nin moleküler tanı yöntemleri ile ilgili bilgi vermek amacıyla hazırlanmıştır. Global olarak ciddi bir tahribata yol açan COVID-19 pandemisini önleyebilmek adına, hassas ve spesifik laboratuvar teşhis metotlarının geliştirilmesi, vakaların hızlı ve güvenilir şekilde tanımlanabilmesi için oldukça önemlidir. Diyagnostik testler COVID-19 pandemisinde önemli bir rol oynamıştır ve oynamaya devam edecektir. COVID-19 için şüphelenilen vaka tanımını karşılayan hastalardan hızla numune alınması ve test edilmesi klinik yönetim ve salgın kontrolü için bir önceliktir. Solunum sekresyonlarında SARS-CoV-2 saptama yeteneği, bireyin enfekte olma zamanını ve diğer kişilere bulaştırma potansiyelini belirlemek için gereklidir. Viral tespit, bireysel hastaların tanımlanması, pandemi yönetimi ve ayrıca virüsün bir topluluğa ne zaman bulaştığını ve ne kadar hızla yayıldığını belirlemek için kullanılır. Topluluklar, kapanma dönemlerinin ardından yeniden açılmaya çalıştıkça, hem SARS-CoV-2'nin hem de virüsü tanıyan spesifik antikorların saptanması, bireylerde ve topluluklarda enfeksiyon ve bağışıklığın değerlendirilmesi için bir araç olarak giderek daha önemli hale gelecektir. Bu amaçla, SARS-CoV-2 genomunu tespit etmeye yönelik nükleik asit amplifikasyon testleri ve serolojik testler kullanılmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• COVID-19
• Nükleik asit amlifikasyon testi
• SARS-Cov-2
• Serolojik analiz

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