Koruyucu
hekimlik uygulamaları içerisinde en etkin yöntemlerden biri aşılamadır. İdeal
veteriner aşısından beklenenler; uzun ömürlü ve biyoyararlanımı yüksek olması,
bunun yanında yan etki oluşturmamasıdır. Bu amaçla verildikleri antijeninin
immünojenitesini arttıran ve güçlendiren maddeler olan aşı adjuvanları
kullanılmaktadır. Ancak aşı adjuvanlarının genel olarak bilinen bazı yan
etkileri vardır. Bu derlemede aşı adjuvanları hakkında genel bilgi verilmiş
olup, veteriner aşılarda kullanılan adjuvanların olası toksik etkilerinden
bahsedilmiştir.
Makale Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi intörn bitirme ödevinin bir kısmını kapsamaktadır. Değerlendirme ve katkılarından dolayı Doğukan KAYA’ ya teşekkür ederiz.
Kaynakça
Aguilar, J. C., ve Rodriguez, E. G. (2007). Vaccine adjuvants revisited. Vaccine, 25(19), 3752-3762.
Antonis, A. F., Bruschke, C. J., Rueda, P., Maranga, L., Casal, J. I., Vela, C., ve Langeveld, J. P. (2006). A novel recombinant virus-like particle vaccine for prevention of porcine parvovirus-induced reproductive failure. Vaccine, 24(26), 5481-5490.
Aucouturier, J., Dupuis, L., & Ganne, V. (2001). Adjuvants designed for veterinary and human vaccines. Vaccine, 19(17-19), 2666-2672.
Christensen D. (2016). Vaccine adjuvants: Why and how. Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics, 12(10), 2709–2711.
Duthie, M. S., Windish, H. P., Fox, C. B., & Reed, S. G. (2011). Use of defined TLR ligands as adjuvants within human vaccines. Immunological reviews, 239(1), 178–196.
Eratalay, A., ve Öner, F. (2001). Aşılar ve Aşı Adjuvanları. FABAD J. Pharm. Sci, 25, 21-33.Exley, C., Siesjö, P., ve Eriksson, H. (2010). The immunobiology of aluminium adjuvants: how do they really work?. Trends in immunology, 31(3), 103-109.
Gluck, R., Burri, K. G., ve Metcalfe, I. (2005). Adjuvant and antigen delivery properties of virosomes. Current drug delivery, 2(4), 395-400.
Gupta, R.K, Chang, A.C., Siber, G.R (1998). Biodegradable polymer microspheres as vaccine adjuvants and delivery systems. Developments in biological standardization, 92:63-78.
Gupta, R. K., Relyveld, E. H., Lindblad, E. B., Bizzini, B., Ben-Efraim, S., ve Gupta, C. K. (1993). Adjuvants—a balance between toxicity and adjuvanticity. Vaccine, 11(3), 293-306.
Gutjahr, A., Phelip, C., Coolen, A. L., Monge, C., Boisgard, A. S., Paul, S., & Verrier, B. (2016). Biodegradable Polymeric Nanoparticles-Based Vaccine Adjuvants for Lymph Nodes Targeting. Vaccines, 4(4), 34.
Hu, S., Concha, C., Lin, F., ve Waller, K. P. (2003). Adjuvant effect of ginseng extracts on the immune responses to immunisation against Staphylococcus aureus in dairy cattle. Veterinary immunology and immunopathology, 91(1), 29-37.
Hughes, H. P. (1998). Cytokine adjuvants: lessons from the past guidelines for the future?. Veterinary immunology and immunopathology, 63(1-2), 131-138.
Kang, S., ve Min, H. (2012). Ginseng, the'immunity boost': the effects of Panax ginseng on immune system. Journal of ginseng research, 36(4), 354.
Kim, S. H., ve Samal, S. (2016). Newcastle disease virus as a vaccine vector for development of human and veterinary vaccines. Viruses, 8(7), 183.
Klinman, D. M. (2006). Adjuvant activity of CpG oligodeoxynucleotides. International reviews of immunology, 25(3-4), 135-154.
Knight-Jones, T. J. D., Edmond, K., Gubbins, S., ve Paton, D. J. (2014). Veterinary and human vaccine evaluation methods. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 281(1784), 20132839.
Kwissa, M. (2007). Adjuvan bilimi. Expert Review of Vaccines, 1(3), 160-173.Leroux-Roels, G. (2010). Unmet needs in modern vaccinology: adjuvants to improve the immune response. Vaccine, 28, C25-C36.
Leroux-Roels, I., Roman, F., Forgus, S., Maes, C., De Boever, F., Dramé, M., ve Leroux-Roels, G. (2010). Priming with AS03A-adjuvanted H5N1 influenza vaccine improves the kinetics, magnitude and durability of the immune response after a heterologous booster vaccination: an open non-randomised extension of a double-blind randomised primary study. Vaccine, 28(3), 849-857.
Loehr, B. I., ve Babiuk, L. A. (2001). Immunization of livestock with DNA vaccines: current studies and future prospects. Vaccine, 19(17-19), 2474-2479.
Madera, R., Gong, W., Wang, L., Burakova, Y., Lleellish, K., Galliher-Beckley, A.,ve Bai, J. (2016). Pigs immunized with a novel E2 subunit vaccine are protected from subgenotype heterologous classical swine fever virus challenge. BMC veterinary research, 12(1), 197.
Morel, S., Didierlaurent, A., Bourguignon, P., Delhaye, S., Baras, B., Jacob, V., ve Kielland, A. (2011). Adjuvant System AS03 containing α-tocopherol modulates innate immune response and leads to improved adaptive immunity. Vaccine, 29(13), 2461-2473.
Petrovsky, N., ve Aguilar, J.C. (2004). Vaccine adjuvants: current state and future trends. Immunology and cell biology, 82(5), 488-496.
Phillips, C. J., Matyas, G. R., Hansen, C. J., Alving, C. R., Smith, T. C., ve Ryan, M. A. (2009). Antibodies to squalene in US Navy Persian Gulf War veterans with chronic multisymptom illness. Vaccine, 27(29), 3921-3926.
Podda, A., Del Giudice, G., ve O'Hagan, D. T. (2006). MF59: a safe and potent adjuvant for human use. In Immunopotentiators in modern vaccines (pp. 149-159).
Ruiz, J.T., Luján, L., Blank, M., ve Shoenfeld, Y. (2017). Adjuvants-and vaccines-induced autoimmunity: animal models. Immunologic research, 65(1), 55-65.
Singh, M., ve O'hagan, D.T.(2002). Recent advances in vaccine adjuvants. Pharmaceutical research, 19(6),715-728.
Siwicki, A. K., Krzyzanowski, J., Bartoszcze, M., Mizak, Z., Paluch, S., Szmigielski, S., ve Pulverer, G. (1998). Adjuvant properties of killed Propionibacterium avidum KP-40 in vaccination of dogs against canine parvovirosis. DTW. Deutsche tierarztliche Wochenschrift, 105(5), 186-190.
Sjölander, A., Drane, D., Maraskovsky, E., Scheerlinck, J. P., Suhrbier, A., Tennent, J., ve Pearse, M. (2001). Immune responses to ISCOM® formulations in animal and primate models. Vaccine, 19(17-19), 2661-2665.
Song, X., ve Hu, S. (2009). Adjuvant activities of saponins from traditional Chinese medicinal herbs. Vaccine, 27(36), 4883-4890.
Spickler, A. R., ve Roth, J. A. (2003). Adjuvants in veterinary vaccines: modes of action and adverse effects. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 17(3), 273-281.
Stärk, K. D., Regula, G., Hernandez, J., Knopf, L., Fuchs, K., Morris, R. S., & Davies, P. (2006). Concepts for risk-based surveillance in the field of veterinary medicine and veterinary public health: review of current approaches. BMC health services research, 6(1), 20.
Sun, J., Hu, S., ve Song, X. (2007). Adjuvant effects of protopanaxadiol and protopanaxatriol saponins from ginseng roots on the immune responses to ovalbumin in mice. Vaccine, 25(6), 1114-1120.
Stevceva, L., Moniuszko, M., & Ferrari, M. G. (2006). Utilizing IL-12, IL-15 and IL-7 as Mucosal Vaccine Adjuvants. Letters in drug design & discovery, 3(8), 586–592. doi:10.2174/157018006778194655
Şöhretoğlu, D., ve Uz, A. K. (2015) β-Glukanlar ve İmmün Sistem. Hacettepe University Journal of the Faculty of Pharmacy. 35(2),103-115.
Tovey, M.G., Lalleman, C. (2010). Adjuvant activity of cytokines. Methods in molecular biology. 626:287-309.
Van den Boom, J.G., Barchet, W., Hartmann, G. (2012). Nucleic acid adjuvants: toward an educated vaccine. Advances in Immunology. 114:1-32.
Vogel, F. R. (2000). Improving vaccine performance with adjuvants. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 30 (Supplement_3), S266-S270.
Yurdakök, K., ve İnce, T. (2008). Aşı adjuvanları. Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Dergisi, 51(4), 225.
Zhai, L., Li, Y., Wang, W., Wang, Y., ve Hu, S. (2011). Effect of oral administration of ginseng stem-and-leaf saponins (GSLS) on the immune responses to Newcastle disease vaccine in chickens. Vaccine, 29(31), 5007-5014.
One of the most effective methods for preventive medicine is vaccination. Ideal veterinary vaccines are expected have long life and high bioavailability, as well as least or none side effects. For these purposes, vaccine adjuvants are used to increase the immunogenity and enhance their effects. However, the adjuvants used in vaccines have generally known side effects. In this review, general information on vaccine adjuvants and possible toxic effects of adjuvants used in veterinary vaccines are summarized.
Aguilar, J. C., ve Rodriguez, E. G. (2007). Vaccine adjuvants revisited. Vaccine, 25(19), 3752-3762.
Antonis, A. F., Bruschke, C. J., Rueda, P., Maranga, L., Casal, J. I., Vela, C., ve Langeveld, J. P. (2006). A novel recombinant virus-like particle vaccine for prevention of porcine parvovirus-induced reproductive failure. Vaccine, 24(26), 5481-5490.
Aucouturier, J., Dupuis, L., & Ganne, V. (2001). Adjuvants designed for veterinary and human vaccines. Vaccine, 19(17-19), 2666-2672.
Christensen D. (2016). Vaccine adjuvants: Why and how. Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics, 12(10), 2709–2711.
Duthie, M. S., Windish, H. P., Fox, C. B., & Reed, S. G. (2011). Use of defined TLR ligands as adjuvants within human vaccines. Immunological reviews, 239(1), 178–196.
Eratalay, A., ve Öner, F. (2001). Aşılar ve Aşı Adjuvanları. FABAD J. Pharm. Sci, 25, 21-33.Exley, C., Siesjö, P., ve Eriksson, H. (2010). The immunobiology of aluminium adjuvants: how do they really work?. Trends in immunology, 31(3), 103-109.
Gluck, R., Burri, K. G., ve Metcalfe, I. (2005). Adjuvant and antigen delivery properties of virosomes. Current drug delivery, 2(4), 395-400.
Gupta, R.K, Chang, A.C., Siber, G.R (1998). Biodegradable polymer microspheres as vaccine adjuvants and delivery systems. Developments in biological standardization, 92:63-78.
Gupta, R. K., Relyveld, E. H., Lindblad, E. B., Bizzini, B., Ben-Efraim, S., ve Gupta, C. K. (1993). Adjuvants—a balance between toxicity and adjuvanticity. Vaccine, 11(3), 293-306.
Gutjahr, A., Phelip, C., Coolen, A. L., Monge, C., Boisgard, A. S., Paul, S., & Verrier, B. (2016). Biodegradable Polymeric Nanoparticles-Based Vaccine Adjuvants for Lymph Nodes Targeting. Vaccines, 4(4), 34.
Hu, S., Concha, C., Lin, F., ve Waller, K. P. (2003). Adjuvant effect of ginseng extracts on the immune responses to immunisation against Staphylococcus aureus in dairy cattle. Veterinary immunology and immunopathology, 91(1), 29-37.
Hughes, H. P. (1998). Cytokine adjuvants: lessons from the past guidelines for the future?. Veterinary immunology and immunopathology, 63(1-2), 131-138.
Kang, S., ve Min, H. (2012). Ginseng, the'immunity boost': the effects of Panax ginseng on immune system. Journal of ginseng research, 36(4), 354.
Kim, S. H., ve Samal, S. (2016). Newcastle disease virus as a vaccine vector for development of human and veterinary vaccines. Viruses, 8(7), 183.
Klinman, D. M. (2006). Adjuvant activity of CpG oligodeoxynucleotides. International reviews of immunology, 25(3-4), 135-154.
Knight-Jones, T. J. D., Edmond, K., Gubbins, S., ve Paton, D. J. (2014). Veterinary and human vaccine evaluation methods. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 281(1784), 20132839.
Kwissa, M. (2007). Adjuvan bilimi. Expert Review of Vaccines, 1(3), 160-173.Leroux-Roels, G. (2010). Unmet needs in modern vaccinology: adjuvants to improve the immune response. Vaccine, 28, C25-C36.
Leroux-Roels, I., Roman, F., Forgus, S., Maes, C., De Boever, F., Dramé, M., ve Leroux-Roels, G. (2010). Priming with AS03A-adjuvanted H5N1 influenza vaccine improves the kinetics, magnitude and durability of the immune response after a heterologous booster vaccination: an open non-randomised extension of a double-blind randomised primary study. Vaccine, 28(3), 849-857.
Loehr, B. I., ve Babiuk, L. A. (2001). Immunization of livestock with DNA vaccines: current studies and future prospects. Vaccine, 19(17-19), 2474-2479.
Madera, R., Gong, W., Wang, L., Burakova, Y., Lleellish, K., Galliher-Beckley, A.,ve Bai, J. (2016). Pigs immunized with a novel E2 subunit vaccine are protected from subgenotype heterologous classical swine fever virus challenge. BMC veterinary research, 12(1), 197.
Morel, S., Didierlaurent, A., Bourguignon, P., Delhaye, S., Baras, B., Jacob, V., ve Kielland, A. (2011). Adjuvant System AS03 containing α-tocopherol modulates innate immune response and leads to improved adaptive immunity. Vaccine, 29(13), 2461-2473.
Petrovsky, N., ve Aguilar, J.C. (2004). Vaccine adjuvants: current state and future trends. Immunology and cell biology, 82(5), 488-496.
Phillips, C. J., Matyas, G. R., Hansen, C. J., Alving, C. R., Smith, T. C., ve Ryan, M. A. (2009). Antibodies to squalene in US Navy Persian Gulf War veterans with chronic multisymptom illness. Vaccine, 27(29), 3921-3926.
Podda, A., Del Giudice, G., ve O'Hagan, D. T. (2006). MF59: a safe and potent adjuvant for human use. In Immunopotentiators in modern vaccines (pp. 149-159).
Ruiz, J.T., Luján, L., Blank, M., ve Shoenfeld, Y. (2017). Adjuvants-and vaccines-induced autoimmunity: animal models. Immunologic research, 65(1), 55-65.
Singh, M., ve O'hagan, D.T.(2002). Recent advances in vaccine adjuvants. Pharmaceutical research, 19(6),715-728.
Siwicki, A. K., Krzyzanowski, J., Bartoszcze, M., Mizak, Z., Paluch, S., Szmigielski, S., ve Pulverer, G. (1998). Adjuvant properties of killed Propionibacterium avidum KP-40 in vaccination of dogs against canine parvovirosis. DTW. Deutsche tierarztliche Wochenschrift, 105(5), 186-190.
Sjölander, A., Drane, D., Maraskovsky, E., Scheerlinck, J. P., Suhrbier, A., Tennent, J., ve Pearse, M. (2001). Immune responses to ISCOM® formulations in animal and primate models. Vaccine, 19(17-19), 2661-2665.
Song, X., ve Hu, S. (2009). Adjuvant activities of saponins from traditional Chinese medicinal herbs. Vaccine, 27(36), 4883-4890.
Spickler, A. R., ve Roth, J. A. (2003). Adjuvants in veterinary vaccines: modes of action and adverse effects. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 17(3), 273-281.
Stärk, K. D., Regula, G., Hernandez, J., Knopf, L., Fuchs, K., Morris, R. S., & Davies, P. (2006). Concepts for risk-based surveillance in the field of veterinary medicine and veterinary public health: review of current approaches. BMC health services research, 6(1), 20.
Sun, J., Hu, S., ve Song, X. (2007). Adjuvant effects of protopanaxadiol and protopanaxatriol saponins from ginseng roots on the immune responses to ovalbumin in mice. Vaccine, 25(6), 1114-1120.
Stevceva, L., Moniuszko, M., & Ferrari, M. G. (2006). Utilizing IL-12, IL-15 and IL-7 as Mucosal Vaccine Adjuvants. Letters in drug design & discovery, 3(8), 586–592. doi:10.2174/157018006778194655
Şöhretoğlu, D., ve Uz, A. K. (2015) β-Glukanlar ve İmmün Sistem. Hacettepe University Journal of the Faculty of Pharmacy. 35(2),103-115.
Tovey, M.G., Lalleman, C. (2010). Adjuvant activity of cytokines. Methods in molecular biology. 626:287-309.
Van den Boom, J.G., Barchet, W., Hartmann, G. (2012). Nucleic acid adjuvants: toward an educated vaccine. Advances in Immunology. 114:1-32.
Vogel, F. R. (2000). Improving vaccine performance with adjuvants. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 30 (Supplement_3), S266-S270.
Yurdakök, K., ve İnce, T. (2008). Aşı adjuvanları. Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Dergisi, 51(4), 225.
Zhai, L., Li, Y., Wang, W., Wang, Y., ve Hu, S. (2011). Effect of oral administration of ginseng stem-and-leaf saponins (GSLS) on the immune responses to Newcastle disease vaccine in chickens. Vaccine, 29(31), 5007-5014.