KANATLI KORONA VİRÜSLERİNİN ZOONOTİK POTANSİYELİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1, 33 - 42, 07.05.2021

Akın Ünal Hakan Yardımcı

https://doi.org/10.38137/vftd.908417

Öz

Bu derlemede başta tavuklar olmak üzere kanatlı hayvanlarda görülen korona virüslerin farklı yönleri ele alınarak yeni bir virüs olarak insanlarda enfeksiyon oluşturabilme potansiyeli değerlendirilmiştir. Kanatlı korona virüsleri, çok geniş bir konak çeşitliliğine sahiptirler. Son yıllarda en şiddetli salgınlar arasında yer alan COVID-19 pandemisi kanatlı korona virüslerine olan dikkat ve ilgiyi de arttırmıştır. Hem insanlarda hastalık yapan korona virüsler hem de kanatlı hayvanlarda hastalık yapan korona virüsler karşılaştırıldığında yapısal ve genomik anlamda önemli benzerlikler olduğu görülmüştür. Kanatlı korona virüslerinin genetik rekombinasyon ve mutasyonlara çok açık yeni varyant virüslerin ortaya çıkmasına sebep olduğu bilinmektedir. Virüs etrafındaki “spike proteinlerin” yapısının konak hücrelere tutunmada önemli rolünün olduğu ve bu bölgede meydana gelen rekombinasyon ve mutasyonların virüsün konak hücrelere tutunmasında değişiklik oluşturabildiği ve insan hücrelerine bağlanma potansiyeli olduğu belirtilmiştir. Tüm bu benzerliklere karşın kanatlı korona virüsleriyle insanlarda hastalık yapan korona virüslerin taksonomik sınıflandırmada farklı cinslerde yer aldığını söylemek gerekir. Ayrıca günümüzde kanatlı korona virüslerinin insanlara bulaşabilirliği ile ilişkili bir rapor bulunmamaktadır. Bu potansiyel laboratuvar ortamlarında sınırlı kalmıştır. Kanatlı korona virüslerinin yakından incelenmesi ve ilgili hastalıkların izlenmesinin ardından, kontrol programlarının planlanması bu riski en az seviyede tutmayı sağlamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kanatlı, Koronavirus, Zoonotik, Potansiyel, Covid-19

Destekleyen Kurum

Çalışmayı maddi olarak destekleyen kişi/kuruluş yoktur ve yazarların herhangi bir çıkara dayalı ilişkisi yoktur.

Evaluation of the Zoonotic Potential of Poultry Coronavirus

Öz

In this review, the different aspects of the corona viruses seen in poultry, especially chickens, were discussed and the potential of infection in humans as a new virus was evaluated. Avian corona viruses have a wide variety of hosts. The COVID-19 pandemic, which has been among the most severe outbreaks in recent years, has also increased attention and interest in avian corona viruses. When corona viruses that cause disease in humans and corona viruses that cause disease in poultry are compared, it has been observed that there are important structural and genomic similarities. It is known that avian corona viruses cause the emergence of new variant viruses that are very susceptible to genetic recombination and mutations. It has been stated that the structure of "spike proteins" around the virus has an important role in attaching to host cells, and that recombination and mutations occurring in this region can cause changes in the attachment of the virus to host cells and have the potential to bind to human cells. Despite all these similarities, it should be said that avian corona viruses and corona viruses that cause disease in humans are included in different genera in taxonomic classification. In addition, there is no report regarding the contamination of avian corona viruses to humans today. This potential has been limited in laboratory settings. Close examination of avian corona viruses and planning control programs after monitoring related diseases ensure that this risk is kept to a minimum.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Avian, Coronavirus, Zoonotic, Potential, Covid-19

Kaynakça

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