Trauma management in spinal cord injuries in cats

Abstract

This review focuses on the prevalence, causes, diagnostic approaches, treatment options and outcomes of surgical interventions for spinal cord injuries in cats. Acute spinal cord injuries in cats usually occur in the form of vertebral fractures or dislocations and are often due to external factors such as traffic accidents (41-63%). These injuries are often associated with severe neurologic consequences and are often difficult to treat. Among diagnostic approaches, neurologic examination and imaging modalities play an important role in assessing the severity of the injury. Treatment options include conservative management and surgical intervention. Surgical intervention aims to relieve pressure on the spinal cord and stabilize the spinal cord. Although surgical outcomes are usually successful, some complications can occur. These include iatrogenic injuries, problems with the implant and infections. Therefore, careful postoperative monitoring and appropriate treatment is necessary. Postoperative care includes analgesia management, monitoring for complications and bladder management. Several options are available for patients with bladder emptying problems, including manual emptying and the use of temporary or permanent urinary catheters. In conclusion, this review aims to improve the low survival rates of spinal cord trauma in cats with available diagnostic options and appropriate treatment management.

Keywords

• Spinal Cord Injuries
• Trauma
• Cat

Kedilerde omurilik yaralanmalarında travma yönetimi

Öz

Bu derleme, kedilerde omurilik yaralanmalarının yaygınlığı, nedenleri, tanısal yaklaşımları, tedavi seçenekleri ve cerrahi müdahalelerin sonuçları üzerine odaklanmaktadır. Kedilerdeki akut omurilik yaralanmaları genellikle vertebra kırıkları veya çıkıkları şeklinde ve sıklıkla trafik kazaları gibi dış faktörlere bağlı oluşmaktadır (%41-63). Bu yaralanmalar genellikle ciddi nörolojik sonuçlarla ilişkilidir ve tedavileri genellikle zordur. Tanısal yaklaşımlar arasında, nörolojik muayene ve görüntüleme yöntemleri yaralanmanın ciddiyetinin değerlendirilmesinde önemli bir rol oynar. Tedavi seçenekleri arasında konservatif yönetim ve cerrahi müdahale yer alır. Cerrahi müdahale omurilik üzerindeki baskıyı azaltmayı ve omuriliği stabilize etmeyi amaçlar. Cerrahi sonuçlar genellikle başarılı olsa da bazı komplikasyonlar ortaya çıkabilir. Bunlar arasında iyatrojenik yaralanmalar, implantla ilgili sorunlar ve enfeksiyonlar yer alır. Bu nedenle, dikkatli bir ameliyat sonrası izleme ve uygun tedavi gereklidir. Ameliyat sonrası bakım süreci; analjezi yönetimi, komplikasyonların izlenmesi ve mesane yönetimini içerir. Mesane boşaltma sorunları olan hastalar için elle boşaltma ve geçici veya kalıcı üriner kateter kullanımı gibi çeşitli seçenekler mevcuttur. Sonuç olarak bu derleme, kedilerde omurilik travmasının düşük sağkalım oranlarını, mevcut tanı seçenekleri ve uygun tedavi yönetimi ile iyileştirmeyi amaçlamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Omurilik yaralanmaları
• Travma
• Kedi

Kaynakça

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