Evaluation of probiotics, thymol, naringenin, and fumagillin applications against nosemosis in honeybees by CRITIC-TOPSIS method

Öz

Natural herbal extracts and probiotics have been used as alternatives to antibiotics to modulate honeybee gut microflora. These compounds can provide sustainable honeybee production by preventing pathogenic microorganism colonization in the gut. However, selecting the right products to prevent or treat honeybee diseases can be challenging. Therefore, multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods can be used to determine the suitable product. We aimed to use the Criteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation (CRITIC)-Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) integrated method to evaluate some substances as alternatives to fumagillin antibiotic for treating or preventing nosemosis disease using main performance parameters (mortality and honey yield) and Nosema spp. spore count reduction per cent criteria. The criteria values were acquired from previous research studies and adjusted based on the control groups in the relevant research. Criteria (Nosema spp. spores, mortality, and honey yield) weights were calculated using CRITIC analysis. These criteria weights were used in the TOPSIS analysis, and four alternatives (Fumagillin, probiotics, thymol, and naringenin) were ranked. The weightage of Nosema spp. spores reduction, mortality, and honey yield were 0.428, 0,306, and 0.266, respectively. Expectedly, we determined that the fumagillin antibiotic had the highest score of 0.670. Naringenin, probiotics, and thymol followed the fumagillin with scores of 0.617, 0.411, and 0.046, respectively. In conclusion, we suggested that naringenin might be a potent alternative product against nosemosis in honeybees. However, the present findings must be supported by field studies.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Nosemosis
• Honeybee
• Naringenin
• CRITIC
• TOPSIS

Bal arılarında nosemosise karşı probiyotik, timol, naringenin ve fumagillin uygulamalarının CRITIC-TOPSIS yöntemiyle değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Bal arılarında bağırsak mikroflorasını modüle etmek için antibiyotiklere alternatif olarak probiyotikler ve doğal bitki ekstraktları kullanılmaktadır. Bu bileşikler bağırsakta patojen mikroorganizma kolonizasyonunu önleyerek sürdürülebilir bal arısı üretimi sağlayabilir. Ancak bal arısı hastalıklarını önlemek veya tedavi etmek için uygun ürünleri seçmek zor olabilir. Bu nedenle uygun ürünün belirlenmesinde çok kriterli karar verme (ÇKKV) yöntemleri kullanılabilir. Mevcut çalışmada Criteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation (CRITIC)-Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) entegre yöntemi yardımıyla temel performans parametreleri (mortalite ve bal verimi) ve Nosema spp. spor sayısında azalma yüzdesi kriteri kullanarak, nosemosis hastalığını tedavi etmek veya önlemek için fumagillin antibiyotiğine alternatif olarak bazı maddelerin değerlendirmesi amaçlandı. Kriter değerleri önceki araştırma çalışmalarından elde edildi ve ilgili araştırmadaki kontrol gruplarına göre düzenlendi. İlk aşamada kriterlerin (Nosema spp. sporları, mortalite ve bal verimi) ağırlıkları, CRITIC analizi kullanılarak hesaplandı. Daha sonra bu kriter ağırlıkları TOPSIS analizinde kullanıldı ve dört alternatif (fumagillin, probiyotikler, timol ve naringenin) sıralandı. Nosema spp.'nin spor sayısını azaltma, mortalite ve bal verimi ağırlıkları sırasıyla 0,428, 0,306 ve 0,266 olarak bulundu. Beklendiği gibi fumagillin antibiyotiğinin 0,670 ile en yüksek puanı aldığı belirlendi. Naringenin, probiyotikler ve timol sırasıyla 0,617, 0,411 ve 0,046 puanla fumagillini takip etti. Sonuç olarak, naringeninin bal arılarındaki Nosemosis hastalığına karşı etkili bir alternatif ürün olabileceği kanısına varıldı. Ancak mevcut bulguların saha çalışmaları ile desteklenmesi gerekmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Nosemosis
• Bal arısı
• Naringenin
• CRITIC
• TOPSIS

Kaynakça

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