Rapid and successful treatment of a dog with severe generalized demodicosis

Öz

The present study was carried out to treat a dog that was diagnosed with generalized demodicosis with no response to localized demodicosis treatment. The material of the study consisted of a 10 month old German shepherd dog. Amitraz solution (2%) as bathing three days a week and spraying for the other days and oral ivermectin tablet (0,4mg/kg) three days a week were used together for etiological treatment. Amoxicillin was used to treat secondary bacterial infections for 10 days and vitamin/mineral supplementation and liver preservation were also applied to support general health. Recovery was observed at the end of six weeks both clinically and microscopically, but amitraz bathing and orally ivermectin tablets were continued for another four weeks to prevent any recurrence. As a result; it’s considered that, the amitraz (0,2%) application as a bathing solution for three days a week and spraying for other days, oral ivermectin (0,4 mg/kg) three days a week, oral amoxicillin (400/57 mg suspension) daily for 10 days and supportive treatments were successful for treatment of generalized canine demodicosis in 45 days and no recurrence of infestation were observed for six months follow up. It is also understood that predisposing factors should never be ignored for an effective treatment.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Amitraz,dog,generalized,demodicosis,ivermectin

Rapid and successful treatment of a dog with severe generalized demodicosis

Abstract

ABSTRACT: The present study was carried out to treat a dog that was diagnosed with generalized demodicosis with no response to localized demodicosis treatment. The material of the study consisted of a 10 month old German shepherd dog. Amitraz solution (2%) as bathing three days a week and spraying for the other days and oral ivermectin tablet (0,4mg/kg) three days a week were used together for etiological treatment. Amoxicillin was used to treat secondary bacterial infections for 10 days and vitamin/mineral supplementation and liver preservation were also applied to support general health. Recovery was observed at the end of six weeks both clinically and microscopically, but amitraz bathing and orally ivermectin tablets were continued for another four weeks to prevent any recurrence. As a result; it’s considered that, the amitraz (0,2%) application as a bathing solution for three days a week and spraying for other days, oral ivermectin (0,4 mg/kg) three days a week, oral amoxicillin (400/57 mg suspension) daily for 10 days and supportive treatments were successful for treatment of generalized canine demodicosis in 45 days and no recurrence of infestation were observed for six months follow up. It is also understood that predisposing factors should never be ignored for an effective treatment.

Keywords

• Amitraz,dog,generalized,demodicosis,ivermectin

Kaynakça

1. Arsenovic M, Pezo L, Vasic N, Ciric R, et al., (2015): The main factors influencing canine demodicosis treatment outcome and determination of optimal therapy. Parasitol Res, 114 (7), 2415-2426.
2. Beugnet F, Halos L, Larsen D, de Vos C (2016): Efficacy of oral afoxolaner for the treatment of canine generalised demodicosis. Parasite, 23 (14), 1-8.
3. Chansiripornchai P, Chansiripornchai N (2008): Treatment of generalized demodicosis in a dog using oral ivermectin. Indian Vet J, 85, 315-316. Chavez F (2016): Case report of afoxolaner treatment for canine demodicosis in four dogs naturally infected with Demodex canis. Int J Appl Res in Vet M, 14 (2), 123-127.
4. Duclos DD, Jeffers JG, Shanley KJ (1994): Prognosis for treatment of adult-onset demodicosis in dogs: 34 cases (1979-1990). J Am Vet Med Assoc, 204 (4), 616-619.
5. Fondati A (1996): Efficacy of daily oral ivermectin in the treatment of 10 cases of generalized demodicosis. Vet Dermatol, 7 (2), 99-104.
6. Fourie J, Dumont P, Halos L, Beugnet F, et al., (2013): Efficacy of a topical application of Certifect® (fipronil 6.26% w/v, amitraz 7.48% w/v, (S)-methoprene 5.63% w/v) for the treatment of canine generalized demodicosis. Parasite, 20, 46.
7. Fourie JF, Liebenberg JE, Horak IG, Taenzler J, et al., (2015): Efficacy of orally administered fluralaner (BravectoTM) or topically applied imidacloprid/moxidectin (Advocate®) against generalized demodicosis in dogs. Parasites&Vectors, 8, 187.
8. Fourie LJ, Kok DJ, Du Plessis A, Rugg D (2007): Efficacy of a novel formulation of metaflumizone plus amitraz for the treatment of demodectic mange in dogs. Vet Parasitol, 150 (3), 268-274.

9. Ihrke PJ (2005): Canine and feline demodicosis. 279-280. In: Proceeding of the NAVC North American Veterinary Conference, Orlando, Florida, USA.
10. Koch SN (2017): Dermatology details, updates on the management of canine demodicosis. TVP J, January/February, 77-85.
11. Lemarie S, Hosgood G, Foil CS (1996) A retrospective study of juvenile and adult-onset generalized demodicosis in dogs (1986-1991). Vet Dermatol, 7, 3-10.
12. Miller WH Jr, Scott DW, Wellington JR, Panic R (1993): Clinical efficacy of milbemycin oxime in the treatment of generalized demodicosis in adult dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc, 203 (10), 1426-1429.
13. Morita T, Momota Y, Mori A, Oda H, et al., (2018): Successful treatment of refractory demodicosis and transient papules with a single dose of fluralaner in a dog with uncontrolled severe endocrine disease. J Vet Med Sci, 80(4), 672-675.
14. Mueller RS, Bensignor E, Ferrer L, Holm B, et al., (2012): Treatment of demodicosis in dogs: 2011 clinical practice guidelines. Vet Dermatol, 23: 86-e21.
15. Mueller RS, Bettenay SV (2010) Skin Scrapings and Skin Biopsies. 368-371. In: Ettinger SJ, Feldman EC (Eds), Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, WB, USA, Saunders.
16. Mueller (2012): An update on the therapy of canine demodicosis. Appl Dermatol, April, 34: E1-4.
17. Murayama N, Shibata K, Nagata M (2010): Efficacy of weekly oral doramectin treatment in canine demodicosis. Vet Rec, 167, 63-64.
18. Plant JD, Lund EM, Yang M (2011): A case-control study of the risk factors for canine juvenile-onset generalized demodicosis in the USA. Vet Dermatol, 22 (1), 95-99.
19. Scott DW, Miller WH, Griffin CE (2001): Muller & Kirk’s Small Animal Dermatology. 6th ed., Saunders, Philadelphia, W.B, USA.
20. Singh SK, Kumar M, Jadhav RK, Saxena SK (2011): An update on therapeutic management of canine demodicosis. Vet World, 4(1), 41-44.