The United States: Is It Still a Superpower?

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 30, 677 - 688, 20.05.2021

İbrahim Karataş

https://doi.org/10.21076/vizyoner.810814

Öz

The study argues that although the US power is in decline, it is still a superpower thanks to its allies, friends, economic tools like US dollar and even its adversaries. In other words, not Americans but other countries including rivals keep the US as a superpower. They have done it voluntarily since the US has the desire to act globally, and any loss in its power would cause more losses in other countries. However, particularly during the Trump administration, the US withdrew from the leadership of the like-minded countries, opening the way for China and Russia to be more active in world affairs. Besides reluctant leadership of the Trump administration, generally the U.S administration prefers confrontation to cooperation and escapes from soft landing, accelerating the end of its superpowerhood. The result, as the study argues, might be a more dangerous world order, where there is no superpower ensuring peace on the earth. Methodologically, the concept of superpowerhood is elucidated from a historical, security and international political perspective.

Anahtar Kelimeler

United States, Unipolar System, Superpower, China, Security

Amerika Birleşik Devletleri: Hala Bir Süpergüç Mü?

Öz

Amerika Birleşik Devletleri Soğuk Savaşın bitmesinden bu yana tek süpergüç olarak kaldı ve dünyayı tek kutuplu bir hale getirdi. İstatistiklere göre Amerika güç kaybediyor ve hemen hemen süpergüç ünvanını kaybetmek üzere. Ancak detaylı incelendiğinde gerçeklerin sanıldığından çok farklı olduğu görülebilir. Amerika, dostları, müttefikleri ve Dolar gibi ekonomik araçları sayesinde halen süpergüç olmaya devam etmektedir. Başka bir deyişle, Amerikalılardan çok rakipleri de olmak üzere diğer ülkeler Amerika’nın süpergüç olmasını sağlıyorlar. Bu sayede çok kutuplu bir dünyada tek kutupluluk devam etmektedir. Bunu gönüllü olarak yapıyorlar çünkü Amerika’nın küresel olarak hareket etmek gibi bir isteği var ve onun güç kaybetmesi diğer ülkelerde daha fazla zarara neden olabilir. Ancak bu durum Amerikan gücünün eridiğini ve dünyanın bir geçiş döneminden geçtiği gerçeklerini değiştirmiyor. Eğer Amerikan yönetimi çekişmeyi işbirliğine tercih edip yumuşak inişe razı olmasa süpergüçlük devrinin sonunu hızlandırmış olur. Tam tersi, eğer yeni şartlara adapte olursa Amerikan devrini uzatmayı başarabilir. Bu makale mezkur konuyu araştırarak ülkeler arası güç dengesinde ülkelerin birbirlerinin gücüne gönüllü veya zorunlu olarak nasıl destek vermek zorunda kaldıklarını ortaya çıkarmayı amaçlamaktadır. Makalenin yazımı için literatür taramasının yanı sıra istatistiklerden istifade edilmiştir. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

ABD, Tek Kutuplu Sistem, Süpergüç, Çin, Güvenlik

Kaynakça

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