Medikal Turizm Çalışmalarında Çok Kriterli Karar Verme Teknikleri: Bir Sistematik Derleme

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 36, 1305 - 1317, 20.11.2022

Dilara Arslan Ekrem Sevim

https://doi.org/10.21076/vizyoner.1088767

Cited By: 2

Öz

Medikal turizm, birçok faktöre bağlı olarak artan bir trend içerisindedir. En ideal durumun seçiminde çok kriterli karar verme (ÇKKV) yöntemlerinin kullanılması, karar sürecini rasyonalize ederek karar sürecini kolaylaştırır. Araştırma kapsamında sistematik inceleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Bu kapsamda, 2011-2021 yılları arasında Web of Science, Scopus ve Science Direct veri tabanlarında İngilizce ve Türkçe olarak yayınlanan makaleler incelenmiştir. Tarama sürecinde elde edilen 4331 makaleden, dahil edilme kriterlerine uyan 25 tanesi çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Yapılan çalışmaların çoğu 2020 yılında yayınlanmış (%28), önemli bir bölümü Türkiye'de gerçekleştirilmiş (%36) ve genellikle tek bir ÇKKV yönteminin yalnız başına (%72) kullanıldığı görülmüştür. Ayrıca araştırmaya dahil edilen çalışmaların çoğunda (%60) AHP (Analitik Hiyerarşi Süreci) yönteminin tercih edildiği ve çalışmaların sadece 7 tanesinin bulanık mantığı (%28) benimseyerek yürütüldüğü görülmüştür. ÇKKV yöntemleri medikal turizm çalışmalarında yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. ÇKKV yöntemlerinin, yöntemin özellikleri ve çalışmanın amacı dikkate alınarak kullanılması ve bulanık mantığın analiz süreçlerine entegre edilmesi önerilebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sağlık Turizmi, Medikal Turizm, Karar Verme Teknikleri, Çok Kriterli Karar Verme, Sistematik İnceleme

Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Techniques in Medical Tourism Studies: A Systematic Review

Öz

Medical tourism is in an increasing trend depending on many factors. The use of multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) methods in the selection of the optimal situation rationalizes and facilitates the decision process. The aim of the study is to examine the studies in which multi-criteria decision-making techniques are used in medical tourism. Systematic review method is chosen to carry out the research. Articles which are published in English and Turkish languages between 2011- 2021, in Web of Science, Scopus and Science Direct databases are reviewed and examined. During the scanning process, 25 articles (out of 4331) are included in the study. Most of them were published in 2020 (28%), conducted in Turkey (36%), and used only one single MCDM method in their processes (72%). In addition, it is observed that most of the articles prefer to use AHP method (60%) and only 7 of the included articles proceed their studies by adopting fuzzy logic (28%). MCDM methods are widely used in medical tourism studies. It is suggested that MCDM methods should be used considering the characteristics of the method and the purpose of the study and integrated into the processes of fuzzy logic.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Health Tourism, Medical Tourism, Decision-Making Techniques, Multi-Criteria Decision-Making, Systematic Examination.

Kaynakça

• Abouhashem Abadi, F., Ghasemian Sahebi, I., Arab, A., Alavi, A., & Karachi, H. (2018). Application of best-worst method in evaluation of medical tourism development strategy. Decision Science Letters, 7(1), 77–86. https://doi.org/10.5267/J.DSL.2017.4.002
• Ağaç, G., Baki, B., & Öz, . (2016). Sağlık alanında çok kriterli karar verme teknikleri kullanımı: Literatür İncelemesi. Hacettepe Sağlık İdaresi Dergisi, 19(3), 343–363.
• Ajmera, P., Singh, M., & Satia, H. K. (2015). Prioritization of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of indian medical tourism sector using integrated SWOT AHP analysis. International Journal of Innovative Research in Science Engineering and Technology, 4(5), 3665–3673.
• Anish, M. N., Dhanish, P. B., & Sridharan, R. (2017). SWOT-AHP analysis in medical tourism area of Kerala. International Journal of Society Systems Science, 9(3), 256–276. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJSSS.2017.087435
• Arslan Kurtuluş, S., Gün, İ., & Aslan, Ö. (2018). Bütünleşik SWOT-AHP Analizi: Türkiye Sağlık Turizmi Uygulaması. Social Sciences Studies Journal, 4(23), 4716–4730.
• Büyüközkan, G., Mukul, E., & Kongar, E. (2021). Health tourism strategy selection via SWOT analysis and integrated hesitant fuzzy linguistic AHP-MABAC approach. Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, 74, 100929. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SEPS.2020.100929
• Chen, C.-A. (2012). Using DEMATEL method for medical tourism development in Taiwan. American Journal of Tourism Research, 1(1), 26–32. https://doi.org/10.11634/216837861403126
• Chen, Y. H., & Chang, T. C. (2020). Analysis and evaluation of competitiveness in medical tourism industry in Taiwan. Advances in Science, Technology and Engineering Systems, 5(6), 1690–1697. https://doi.org/10.25046/AJ0506201
• Çavmak, D., & Çavmak, Ş. (2020). Using AHP to prioritize barriers in developing medical tourism: Case of Turkey. International Journal of Travel Medicine and Global Health, 8(2), 73–79. https://doi.org/10.34172/IJTMGH.2020.12
• Demir, G., & Kartal, M. (2020). Güncel çok kriterli karar verme teknikleri (1st ed.). Akademisyen Kitabevi.
• Ebrahimzadeh, I., Sakhavar, N., & Taghizadeh, Z. (2013). A Comparative study of health tourism potentials in Iran and India. Journal of Subcontinent Researches, 5(15), 51–78.
• Ghasemi, P., Mehdiabadi, A., Spulbar, C., & Birau, R. (2021). Ranking of sustainable medical tourism destinations in Iran: An integrated approach using fuzzy swara-promethee. Sustainability (Switzerland), 13(2), 1–32. https://doi.org/10.3390/SU13020683
• Görener, A. (2016). A SWOT-AHP approach for assessment of medical tourism sector in Turkey. Alphanumeric Journal, 4(2), 159–170. https://doi.org/10.17093/ALPHANUMERIC.277740
• Görener, A., & Taşçı, M. E. (2016). Evaluating the strategies of medical tourism sector through AHP and MOORA in a SWOT framework. Journal of Global Strategic Management, 2(10), 15–15. https://doi.org/10.20460/JGSM.20161024353
• Hopkins, L., Labonté, R., Runnels, V., & Packer, C. (2010). Medical tourism today: What is the state of existing knowledge? Journal of Public Health Policy, 185–198. https://doi.org/10.1057/jphp.2010.10
• Hsu, P. F., Lan, K. Y., & Tsai, C. W. (2013). Selecting the optimal vendor of customer relationship management system for medical tourism industry using delphi and AHP. International Journal of Enterprise Information Systems, 9(1), 62–75. https://doi.org/10.4018/JEIS.2013010104
• Koca, G., & Yıldırım, S. (2020). Bulanık çok kriterli karar verme çalışmalarına yönelik bibliyometrik analiz: 2005-2019 dönemi. Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University Journal of Social Science, 5(2), 257–272. https://doi.org/10.33905/BSEUSBED.787164
• Lee, C.-W., & Li, C. (2019). The process of constructing a health tourism destination ındex. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(22). https://doi.org/10.3390/IJERPH16224579
• Levary, R. R. (2011). Multiple-criteria approach to ranking medical tourism destinations. Thunderbird International Business Review, 53(4), 529–537. https://doi.org/10.1002/TIE.20430
• Merdivenci, F., & Karakaş, H. (2020). Analysis of factors affecting health tourism performance using fuzzy DEMATEL method. Advances in Hospitality and Tourism Research (AHTR), 8(2), 371–392. https://doi.org/10.30519/AHTR.734339
• Najafinasab, M., Agheli, L., Sadeghi, H., & Dizaji, S. F. (2020). Identifying and prioritizing strategies for developing medical tourism in the social security organization of Iran: A SWOT-AHP hybrid approach. Iranian Journal of Public Health, 49(10), 1959. https://doi.org/10.18502/IJPH.V49I10.4700
• Naranong, A., & Naranong, V. (2011). The effects of medical tourism: Thailand’s experience. Bull World Health Organ, 89, 336–344. https://doi.org/10.2471/BLT.09.072249
• Nilashi, M., Samad, S., Manaf, A. A., Ahmadi, H., Rashid, T. A., Munshi, A., Almukadi, W., Ibrahim, O., & Hassan Ahmed, O. (2019). Factors influencing medical tourism adoption in Malaysia: A DEMATEL-Fuzzy TOPSIS approach. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 137, 106005. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CIE.2019.106005
• P, A. (2017). Ranking the strategies for Indian medical tourism sector through the integration of SWOT analysis and TOPSIS method. International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance, 30(8), 668–679. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJHCQA-05-2016-0073
• Page, M. J., McKenzie, J. E., Bossuyt, P. M., Boutron, I., Hoffmann, T. C., Mulrow, C. D., ... & Moher, D. (2021). The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ, 372(71), 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n71
• Park, J. K., Ahn, J., Han, S. L., Back, K. J., & An, M. (2020). Exploring internal benefits of medical tourism facilitators’ satisfaction: Customer orientation, job satisfaction, and work performance. Journal of Healthcare Management, 65(2), 90–105. https://doi.org/10.1097/JHM-D-18-00168
• Roy, J., Chatterjee, K., Bandyopadhyay, A., & Kar, S. (2018). Evaluation and selection of medical tourism sites: A rough analytic hierarchy process based multi-attributive border approximation area comparison approach. Expert Systems, 35(1). https://doi.org/10.1111/EXSY.12232
• Sevim, E., & Önder, E. (2020). Investigation of medical tourism in Turkey through SWOT-ANP. Hacettepe Journal of Health Administration, 23(4), 605–622. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0697-5899
• Sonel, E., Gür, Ş., & Eren, T. (2019). Çok ölçütlü karar verme ile sağlık turizminde şehir seçimi ve analizi. Uluslararası Global Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 3(1), 27–39.
• WHO. (2019). Global spending on health: A world in transition. Retrieved May 7, 2021 from http://apps.who.int/bookorders.
• Yang, Y., Hu, J., Sun, R., & Chen, X. (2018). Medical tourism destinations prioritization using group decision making method with neutrosophic fuzzy preference relations. Scientia Iranica, 25(6E), 3744–3764. https://doi.org/10.24200/SCI.2017.4514
• Yazdi, M. R. T., & Barazandeh, H. (2016). Identifying and ranking health tourism development barriers in Iran using fuzzy VIKOR method. Asian Social Science, 12(5), 54–63. https://doi.org/10.5539/ASS.V12N5P54
• Yiğit, A., & Demirbaş, M. B. (2020). Türkiye’de medikal turizmin gelişimine etki eden faktörlerin SWOT-AHP yöntemi ile tespit edilmesine yönelik bir araştırma. Karadeniz Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 12(22), 173–192.