Ekonomik Büyüme, Küreselleşme ve Ekolojik Ayak İzi İlişkisi: ASEAN-5 Ülkeleri Üzerine Ekonometrik Bir Analiz

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 37, 123 - 138, 25.02.2023

Sefa Özbek

https://doi.org/10.21076/vizyoner.1144317

Cited By: 5

Öz

Nüfus artışı, kentleşme, endüstrileşme ve teknolojik gelişmeler doğal kaynak tüketiminde önemli bir yere sahiptir. Söz konusu gelişmeler ülke ekonomilerinde ekonomik büyüme açısından temel dinamikler arasında yer almaktadır. Ancak ilgili gelişmeler ile birlikte çevresel bozulmalarda artışlar gözlemlenmiştir. Bu bozulmaların sebebinin belirlenmesi, çevresel kalitenin artması ve sürdürülebilir ekonomik kalkınmanın sağlanması için önemli görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada Malezya, Tayland, Endonezya, Singapur ve Filipinler’den oluşan ASEAN-5 ülkelerinde ekolojik ayak izinin belirleyicileri araştırılmaktadır. Ampirik yöntem olarak kesitler arası bağımlılığı göz önüne alan Westerlund (2006) panel eşbütünleşme testi kullanılmıştır. Örneklem dönemi olarak küreselleşme sürecinin genel olarak derinleştiği 1980-2018 dönemi seçilmiştir. ASEAN-5 ülkelerine ait genel küreselleşme endeksi, ekonomik büyüme, enerji tüketimi ve ekolojik ayak izi değişkenlerinden yararlanılmıştır. Ampirik sonuçlar, ASEAN-5 ülkelerinde söz konusu değişkenler arasında eşbütünleşme ilişkisinin varlığını ortaya koymuştur. Panel eşbütünleşme katsayı tahmincisi olarak Augmented Mean Group (AMG) uygulanmıştır. AMG bulguları ASEAN-5 ülkelerinde panel genelinde küreselleşmenin, ekonomik büyümenin ve enerji tüketiminin ekolojik ayak izini artırdığını göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Küreselleşme, Ekonomik Büyüme, Ekolojik Ayak İzi, Çevre Kirliliği, ASEAN-5 Ülkeleri

The Relationship of Economic Growth, Globalization and Ecological Footprint: An Econometric Analysis on ASEAN-5 Countries

Öz

Population growth, urbanization, industrialization and technological developments have an important place in natural resource consumption. These developments are among the main dynamics in terms of economic growth in national economies. However, with the related developments, an increase in environmental degradation has been observed. Determining the cause of these deteriorations is considered to be important for increasing environmental quality and ensuring sustainable economic development. In the study, the determinants of ecological footprint in ASEAN-5 countries consisting of Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia, Singapore and the Philippines are investigated. Westerlund (2006) panel cointegration test is used as an empirical method, which considers cross-sectional dependence. The period of 1980-2018, in which the globalization process generally deepened, is chosen as the sample period. General globalization index, economic growth, energy consumption and ecological footprint variables of ASEAN-5 countries are used. Empirical results reveal the existence of a cointegration relationship between these variables in ASEAN-5 countries. Augmented Mean Group (AMG) is applied as the panel cointegration coefficient estimator. AMG findings show that globalization, economic growth and energy consumption increase the ecological footprint of ASEAN-5 countries across the panel.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Globalization, Economic Growth, Ecological Footprint, Environmental Pollution, ASEAN-5 Countries.

Kaynakça

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