İklim Değişikliğinin Davranışsal İktisadı

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 40, 1433 - 1450, 25.11.2023

Banu Özüşen

https://doi.org/10.21076/vizyoner.1259570

Öz

Bu çalışmada iklim değişikliğinin davranışsal iktisadının incelenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Davranışsal iktisat, iklim değişikliği konusunda davranış temelli yaklaşımları el almaktadır. Ekonomik hayat, sayısız faktörlerin etkisi altında olması sebebiyle fazlası ile karmaşıktır. Bu karmaşıklık içinde izlenecek ekonomi politikalarında en önemli husus gelişmiş analiz yöntemleri ile doğru tahminlerde bulunabilmektir. Günümüzde iklim değişikliği, ekonomik hayatı etkileyen önde gelen faktörlerdendir. İklim değişikliği genellikle sanayi devrimi sonrası insan kaynaklı ısı değişimlerini ilk olarak akıllara getirse de dünyada belirli dönemlerde ve döngüsel olarak ani ısı değişimlerinin gerçekleştiği belirlenmektedir. Geçmiş toplumlar üzerinde yapılan iklim çalışmaları henüz sınırlıdır. Ancak gerek doğanın doğal sürecinde gerekse insan etkili iklim değişikliğinde karşılaşılan sosyal ve ekonomik sorunlar temelde benzerdir. İklim değişikliğinin ve etkilerinin hızla hissedildiği günümüzde ekonomi politikalarının yönü, geçmişin analizi ile daha etkin olacaktır. Bu çalışmada Holosen dönemde yaşanan, insan etkili olmayan iklim değişikliğinin geçmiş toplumlar üzerindeki sosyal ve ekonomik etkileri ile antropojenik iklim değişikliği ile yaşanan biyoçeşitlilik kaybının insan sağlığı, refahı ve ekonomi üzerindeki etkileri ele alınmıştır. Çalışmada karşılaştırmalı tarihsel yöntemden yararlanmaya çalışılmıştır. Toplumların tarihsel süreçte karşılaştıkları sorunların ve çözüm arayışlarının benzer olduğu görülmüştür. Çalışmanın, iklim değişikliği hususunda zamana karşı yarışıldığı günümüzde disiplinler arası çalışmalara katkı sunacağı düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

İklim Değişikliği, Davranışsal İktisat, Çevre Ekonomisi, Biyoçeşitlilik

The Behavioral Economics of Climate Change

Öz

In the study, it is aimed to examine the behavioral economics of climate change. Behavioral economics deals with behavior-based approaches to climate change. Being under the influence of numerous factors, economic life is extremely complex. The most important issue concerning the economic policies to be followed in this complexity is to make accurate predictions through advanced analysis methods. Currently, climate change is among the key factors that affect economic life. Climate change is generally associated first with the human-induced temperature changes since the industrial revolution; however, rapid temperature changes on Earth have been observed to occur in particular periods and to be cyclic. Climate studies on past societies are still limited. However, the social and economic problems encountered in both the natural process of nature and the anthropogenic climate change are fundamentally similar. Today, when climate change and its impact is being rapidly felt, the direction of economic policies will be more effective through the analysis of the past. The study scrutinizes the social and economic effects of rapid temperature changes within the Holocene period on former societies and the impact of biodiversity loss due to anthropogenic climate change on human health, wealth, and economy. In the study, it is tried to benefit from the comparative historical method. It is observed that the problems faced by societies in the historical process and the search for solutions are similar. The study aims to contribute to the interdisciplinary studies in these days when climate change is a race against the clock.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Climate Change, Behavioral Economics, Environmental Economics, Biodiversity

Kaynakça

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