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Conceptual Investigation of Work Engagement and Employee Performance Within the Scope of Transformational Leadership

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 16 Sayı: 45, 343 - 358, 28.02.2025

Öz

Nowadays, every organization expects from their employees to have a strong commitment to their jobs, show high performance, fulfill their duties completely and even take extra responsibilities in addition to their own work. Transformational leaders are very successful at guiding their employees to achieve organizational goals, understanding the needs of employees, encouraging and supporting them under intense work pressure with their innovative approaches and visions. From this point of view, the aim of the study is to conceptually investigate the effects of transformational leadership on work engagement and employee performance. In this context, firstly, a broad conceptual framework is created related to transformational leadership, work engagement and employee performance concepts. Later, the effects of transformational leadership on work engagement and employee performance are investigated according to the results of previous studies. The literature review indicates that the adoption of transformational leadership style, positively impacts on both work engagement and employee performance.

Kaynakça

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Dönüşümcü Liderlik Ekseninde İşe Adanmışlık ve İşgören Performansının Kavramsal Olarak İncelenmesi

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 16 Sayı: 45, 343 - 358, 28.02.2025

Öz

Günümüzde her örgüt çalışanlarından işlerine bağlı olmalarını, yüksek performans göstermelerini, verilen görevleri eksiksiz olarak yerine getirmelerini ve hatta kendi işlerinin yanı sıra ilave sorumluluklar yüklenmelerini bekler. Dönüşümcü liderler sahip oldukları yenilikçi anlayış ve vizyon ile birlikte örgütsel hedeflere ulaşma konusunda çalışanlarını yönlendirme, çalışanlarının ihtiyaçlarını anlama, onları bu yoğun iş temposunda teşvik etme ve destekleme konusunda oldukça başarılıdırlar. Bundan hareketle, dönüşümcü liderliğin; işe adanmışlık ve işgören performansı üzerindeki etkisinin kavramsal olarak ele alınması amaçlanmıştır. Bu bağlamda; ilk olarak dönüşümcü liderlik, işe adanmışlık ve işgören performansı kavramları ile ilgili geniş bir kavramsal çerçeve oluşturulmuştur. Daha sonra, literatürdeki çalışmaların sonuçları üzerinde durularak dönüşümcü liderliğin, işe adanmışlık ve işgören performansı üzerindeki etkileri ortaya konmuştur. Yapılan literatür taraması, dönüşümcü liderlik tarzının benimsenmesinin hem işe adanmışlığı hem de işgören performansını olumlu yönde etkilediğini göstermiştir.

Kaynakça

  • Abolnasser, M. S. A., Abdou, A. H., Hassan, T. H. ve Salem, A. E. (2023). Transformational leadership, employee engagement, job satisfaction, and psychological well-being among hotel employees after the height of the COVID-19 pandemic: A serial mediation model. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(4), 1-27. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043609
  • Agarwal, U. A. (2014). Linking justice, trust and innovative work behaviour to work engagement. Personnel Review, 43(1), 41-73.
  • Aktuna, H. C. ve Kılıçlar, A. (2019). Yöneticilerin liderlik tarzları ile işgörenlerin performansı arasındaki ilişki. Haliç Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 2(2), 299-322.
  • Al-Amin, M. (2017). Transformational leadership and employee performance mediating effect of employee engagement. North South Business Review, 7(2), 28-40.
  • Almutairi, D. O. (2016). The mediating effects of organizational commitment on the relationship between transformational leadership style and job performance. International Journal of Business and Management, 11(1), 231-241. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v11n1p231
  • Anitha, J. (2014). Determinants of employee engagement and their impact on employee performance. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 63(3), 308-323.
  • Ariyani, N. ve Hidayati, S. (2018). Influence of transformational leadership and work engagement on innovatiove behavior. Etikonomi: Jurnal Ekonomi, 17(2), 275-284. http//dx.doi.org/10.15408/etk.v17i2.7427.
  • Aung, Z. M., San Santoso, D. ve Dodanwala, T. C. (2023). Effects of demotivational managerial practices on job satisfaction and job performance: Empirical evidence from Myanmar’s construction industry. Journal of Engineering and Technology Management, 67, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jengtecman.2022.101730
  • Avcı, A. (2015). Dönüşümcü ve işlemci liderlik stilleri: kavramsal çerçevesi ve eğitim örgütleri açısından etkileri. FSM İlmî Araştırmalar İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Dergisi, (5), 85-108.
  • Awadh, A. M. ve Saad, A. M. (2013). Impact of organizational culture on employee performance. International Review of Management and Business Research, 2(1), 168-175.
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  • Durgut, A. İ. ve Günay, G. Y. (2020). Etik liderlik, işe adanmışlık ve yönetsel yaratıcılık arasındaki ilişki: Yapı malzemeleri sektöründe bir uygulama. Journal of Organizational Behavior Review, 2(2), 149-171.
  • Edirisooriya, W. A. (2014). Impact of rewards on employee performance: With special reference to ElectriCo. The 3rd International Conference on Management and Economics, (s. 311-318), Sri Lanka.
  • Elnaga, A. ve Imran, A. (2013). The effect of training on employee performance. European journal of Business and Management, 5(4), 137-147.
  • Evelyn, D. ve Hazel, G. (2015). Effects of transformational leadership on employee engagement: The mediating role of employee engagement. International Journal of Management, 6(2), 1-8.
  • Ge, Y. (2020). Psychological safety, employee voice, and work engagement. Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal, 48(3), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.8907
  • Ghadi, M.Y., Fernando, M. ve Caputi, P. (2013). Transformational leadership and work engagement: The mediating effect of meaning in work. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 34(6), 532-550.
  • Ghafoor, A., Qureshi, T. M., Khan, M. A. ve Hijazi, S. T. (2011). Transformational leadership, employee engagement and performance: Mediating effect of psychological ownership. African Journal of Business Management, 5(17), 7391-7403.
  • Giddens, J. (2018). Transformational leadership: What every nursing dean should know. Journal of Professional Nursing, 34(2), 117-121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.profnurs.2017.10.004
  • Gorgievski, M. J. ve Bakker, A. B. (2010), Passion for work: Work engagement versus workaholism. Handbook of Employee Engagement: Perspectives, Issues, Research and Practice, 264-271.
  • Gözükara, İ. ve Simsek, Ö. F. (2016). Role of leadership in employees' work engagement: Organizational identification and job autonomy. International Journal of Business and Management, 11(1), 72-84.
  • Guan, X. ve Frenkel, S. (2018). How HR practice, work engagement and job crafting influence employee performance. Chinese Management Studies, 12(3), 591-607.
  • Guay, R. P. (2013). The relationship between leader fit and transformational leadership. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 28(1), 55-73.
  • Hakanen, J. J., Bakker, A. B. ve Schaufeli, W. B. (2006). Burnout and work engagement among teachers. Journal of School Psychology, 43(6), 495-513.
  • Hay, I. (2006). Transformational leadership: Characteristics and criticisms. E-journal of Organizational Learning and Leadership, 5(2), 1-19.
  • Hoxha, A. (2019). Transformational and transactional leadership styles on employee performance. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention, 8(11), 46-58.
  • Hsieh, C. C. ve Wang, D. S. (2015). Does supervisor-perceived authentic leadership influence employee work engagement through employee-perceived authentic leadership and employee trust? The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 26(18), 2329-2348. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2015.1025234
  • Imran, R., Fatima, A., Zaheer, A., Yousaf, I. ve Batool, I. (2012). How to boost employee performance: investigating the influence of transformational leadership and work environment in a Pakistani perspective. Middle-east Journal of Scientific Research, 11(10), 1455-1462.
  • Jiang, H., Siponen, M. ve Tsohou, A. (2023). Personal use of technology at work: a literature review and a theoretical model for understanding how it affects employee job performance. European Journal of Information Systems, 32(2), 331-345. https://doi.org/10.1080/0960085X.2021.1963193
  • Juyumaya, J. ve Torres, J. P. (2023). Effects of transformational leadership and work engagement on managers’ creative performance. Baltic Journal of Management, 18(1), 34-53.
  • Kalsoom, Z., Khan, M. A. ve Zubair, D. S. S. (2018). Impact of transactional leadership and transformational leadership on employee performance: A case of FMCG industry of Pakistan. Industrial Engineering Letters, 8(3), 23-30.
  • Karatepe, O. M. ve Olugbade, O. A. (2009). The effects of job and personal resources on hotel employees’ work engagement. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 28(4), 504-512.
  • Kark, R., Shamir, B. ve Chen, G. (2003). The two faces of transformational leadership: Empowerment and dependency. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(2), 246.
  • Keçecioğlu, T. ve Yılmaz, M. K. (2018). İşe adanmışlık: Mevcut düşüncenin gözden geçirilmesi. Business Economics and Management Research Journal, 1(1), 55-71.
  • Kenek, G. ve Sökmen, A. (2022). Dönüştürücü liderlik ve işle bütünleşme ilişkisinde iş tatmininin aracılık rolü: yapısal eşitlik modeli ile incelenmesi. İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 14(1), 1023-1040. https://doi.org/10.20491/isarder.2022.1425
  • Kılıç, K. C., Toker, I. D., Karayel, D., Soyman, T. ve Zengin, G. (2020). Paternalist ve dönüşümsel liderlik tarzlarının işe adanmışlık üzerindeki etkisinde, sıkılık-esneklik değişkeninin aracılık rolü. OPUS International Journal of Society Researches, 15(24), 2875-2911.
  • Kılınç, E. ve Deniz, M. (2023). Stratejik ve dönüşümcü liderliğin bireysel performansa etkisi. İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 15(1), 260-273. https://doi.org/10.20491/isarder.2023.1585
  • Kılınç, S. ve Yener, S. (2020) İşin anlamlılığının dönüştürücü liderlik ve işe adanmışlık arasındaki ilişkide aracı rolü. 19. Uluslararası İşletmecilik Kongresi (s. 1507-1512), Türkiye.
  • Kim, W., Kolb, J. A. ve Kim, T. (2012). The relationship between work engagement and performance: A review of empirical literature and a proposed research agenda. Human Resource Development Review, 12(3), 248-276.
  • Kopperud, K. H., Martinsen, Ø. ve Humborstad, S. I. W. (2014). Engaging leaders in the eyes of the beholder: On the relationship between transformational leadership, work engagement, service climate, and self–other agreement. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 21(1), 29-42.
  • Kovjanic, S., Schuh, S. C. ve Jonas, K. (2013). Transformational leadership and performance: an experimental investigation of the mediating effects of basic needs satisfaction and work engagement. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 86(4), 543-555.
  • Krishnan, V. R. (2005). Transformational leadership and outcomes: Role of relationship duration. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 26(6), 442-457.
  • Lai, F. Y., Tang, H. C., Lu, S. C., Lee, Y. C. ve Lin, C. C. (2020). Transformational leadership and job performance: The mediating role of work engagement. Sage Open, 10(1), 1-11.
  • Li, H., Sajjad, N., Wang, Q., Muhammad Ali, A., Khaqan, Z. ve Amina, S. (2019). Influence of transformational leadership on employees’ innovative work behavior in sustainable organizations: Test of mediation and moderation processes. Sustainability, 11(6), 1-21.
  • Madi Odeh, R. B., Obeidat, B. Y., Jaradat, M. O., Masa'deh, R. E. ve Alshurideh, M. T. (2023). The transformational leadership role in achieving organizational resilience through adaptive cultures: The case of Dubai service sector. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 72(2), 440-468.
  • Manzoor, S. R., Ullah, H., Hussain, M. ve Ahmad, Z. M. (2011). Effect of teamwork on employee performance. International Journal of Learning and Development, 1(1), 110-126.
  • Milhem, M., Muda, H. ve Ahmed, K. (2019). The impact of transformational leadership style on employee engagement: Using structural equation modeling (sem). International Journal of Modern Trends in Social Sciences, 2(8), 162-173.
  • Motowidlo, S. J. ve Van Scotter, J. R. (1994). Evidence that task performance should be distinguished from contextual performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 79(4), 475-480.
  • Murali, S. R. ve Aggarwal, D. M. (2020). A study on the impact of transformational leadership style on employee engagement and employee performance in ICT industry (a study with reference to the ICT Industry in United Arab Emirates). International Journal of Management, 11(5), 210-221.
  • Musa, Y., Danjuma, S., Ayotunde Alaba, F., Ritonga, R., Muhammad, A., Djajanto, L. ve Herawan, T. (2018). An impact of transformational leadership on employees’ performance: A case study in Nigeria. Information Systems Design and Intelligent Applications, 708-719. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7512-4_70
  • Nawaz, N., Gajenderan, V., Manoharan, M. ve Parayitam, S. (2024). Disentangling the relationship between transformational leadership and work engagement: Employee empowerment as a mediator and work experience and gender as moderators. Cogent Business & Management, 11(1), 1-27. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2023.2291851
  • Nazir, O. ve Islam, J. U. (2017). Enhancing organizational commitment and employee performance through employee engagement: An empirical check. South Asian Journal of Business Studies, 6(1), 98-114.
  • Nguyen, H. M., Mai, L. T. ve Huynh, T. L. (2019). The role of transformational leadership toward work performance through intrinsic motivation: A study in the pharmaceutical field in vietnam. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics, and Business, 6(4), 201-212.
  • Nyakundi, W., Nyoni, J., Dandira, M., Chufama, M., Kandjinga, E. ve Jeremiah, A. (2021). Achieving high employee performance through transformational leadership in the banking sector. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), 5(1), 461-466.
  • O’Reilly, C. A. ve Chatman, J. A. (2020). Transformational leader or narcissist? How grandiose narcissists can create and destroy organizations and institutions. California Management Review, 62(3), 5-27.
  • Paracha, M. U., Qamar, A., Mirza, A., Hassan, I. U. ve Waqas, H. (2012). Impact of leadership style (transformational & transactional leadership) on employee performance & mediating role of job satisfaction. Study of private school (educator) in Pakistan. Global Journal of Management and Business Research, 12(4), 55-64.
  • Pawirosumarto, S., Sarjana, P. K. ve Muchtar, M. (2017). Factors affecting employee performance of PT. Kiyokuni Indonesia. International Journal of Law and Management, 59(4), 602-614.
  • Pourbarkhordari, A., Zhou, E. H. I. ve Pourkarimi, J. (2016). How individual-focused transformational leadership enhances its influence on job performance through employee work engagement. International Journal of Business and Management, 11(2), 249-261. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v11n2p249
  • Pradhan, R. K. ve Jena, L. K. (2017). Employee performance at workplace: Conceptual model and empirical validation. Business Perspectives and Research, 5(1), 69-85.
  • Rachman, A. (2021). The influence of transformational leadership, competence at work, and job characteristics on the employee performance through organizational commitment: A social exhchange perspective. International Journal of EBusiness and EGovernment Studies, 13(1), 179–201.
  • Rafferty, A. E. ve Griffin, M. A. (2004). Dimensions of transformational leadership: Conceptual and empirical extensions. The Leadership Quarterly, 15(3), 329-354.
  • Ramsey, J. R., Rutti, R. M., Lorenz, M. P., Barakat, L. L. ve Sant’anna, A. S. (2017). Developing global transformational leaders. Journal of World Business, 52(4), 461-473. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2016.06.002
  • Raveendran, T. ve Gamage, A. S. (2019). The mediating effect of organizational commitment in the impact of transformational leadership style on employee performance: A study of divisional secretariats in the Jaffna District. International Journal of Human Resource Studies, 9(2), 116-139.
  • Risambessy, A., Swasto, B., Thoyib, A. ve Astuti, E. S. (2012). The influence of transformational leadership style, motivation, burnout towards job satisfaction and employee performance. Journal of Basic and Applied Scientific Research, 2(9), 8833-8842.
  • Schaufeli, W. B. ve Bakker, A. B. (2004). Job demands, job resources, and their relationship with burnout and engagement: A multi‐sample study. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 25(3), 293-315.
  • Schmitt, A., Den Hartog, D. N. ve Belschak, F. D. (2016). Transformational leadership and proactive work behaviour: A moderated mediation model including work engagement and job strain. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 89(3), 588-610.
  • Shahzadi, I., Javed, A., Pirzada, S. S., Nasreen, S. ve Khanam, F. (2014). Impact of employee motivation on employee performance. European Journal of Business and Management, 6(23), 159-166.
  • Sinaga, H. G., Asmawi, M., Madhakomala, R. ve Suratman, A. (2018). Effect of change in management, organizational culture and transformational leadership on employee performance PT. AdhyaTirta Batam (PT. ATB). International Review of Management and Marketing, 8(6), 15-23.
  • Sun, R. ve Henderson, A. C. (2017). Transformational leadership and organizational processes: Influencing public performance. Public Administration Review, 77(4), 554-565.
  • Sundi, K. (2013). Effect of transformational leadership and transactional leadership on employee performance of Konawe Education Department at Southeast Sulawesi Province. International Journal of Business and Management Invention, 2(12), 50-58.
  • Tanrıverdi, H. ve Paşaoğlu, S. (2014). Dönüşümcü liderlik, örgütsel adalet ve iş tatmini arasindaki ilişkileri belirlemeye yönelik okul öncesi öğretmenleri üzerinde bir araştirma. Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 13(50), 274-293.
  • Tarí, J. J., Portela Maquieira, S. ve Molina-Azorín, J. F. (2023). The link between transformational leadership and the EFQM model elements. Business Process Management Journal, 29(2), 447-464.
  • Thisera, T. J. R. ve Sewwandi, E. P. I. (2018). Transformational leadership and employee engagement in hospitality sector in Sri Lanka. Global Journal of Management and Business Research, 18(12), 27-33.
  • Tims, M., Bakker, A. B. ve Xanthopoulou, D. (2011). Do transformational leaders enhance their followers' daily work engagement? The Leadership Quarterly, 22(1), 121-131.
  • Valldeneu, M., Ferràs, X. ve Tarrats-Pons, E. (2021). Transformational behaviors: Increasing work engagement in multinational environments. Problems and Perspectives in Management, 19(2), 519-527. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.19(2).2021.41
  • Vij, P., Suri, S. ve Singh, S. (2013). Transformational leadership, employee engagement and performance: mediating effect of psychological ownership. International Journal of Human Resource Management and Research, 3(3), 57-64.
  • Vincent‐Höper, S., Muser, C. ve Janneck, M. (2012). Transformational leadership, work engagement, and occupational success. Career Development International, 17(7), 663-682.
  • Wen, T. B., Ho, T. C., Kelana, B. W. Y., Othman, R. ve Syed, O. R. (2019). Leadership styles in influencing employees’ job performances. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 9(9), 55-65. http://dx.doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v9-i9/6269
  • Wood, J., Oh, J., Park, J. ve Kim, W. (2020). The relationship between work engagement and work–life balance in organizations: A review of the empirical research. Human Resource Development Review, 19(3), 240-262.
  • Yeshitila, B. ve Beyene, A. (2019). The mediating effect of employee engagement between transformational leadership and job performance in the commercial bank of Ethiopia. European Journal of Business and Management, 11(25), 33-42.
  • Zhu, W., Avolio, B. J. ve Walumbwa, F. O. (2009). Moderating role of follower characteristics with transformational leadership and follower work engagement. Group & Organization Management, 34(5), 590-619.
Toplam 101 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Liderlik, Örgütsel Davranış
Bölüm Derleme Makaleler
Yazarlar

Hale Seda Bozkır 0000-0002-0557-4690

Yayımlanma Tarihi 28 Şubat 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 17 Mayıs 2024
Kabul Tarihi 26 Ocak 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 16 Sayı: 45

Kaynak Göster

APA Bozkır, H. S. (2025). Dönüşümcü Liderlik Ekseninde İşe Adanmışlık ve İşgören Performansının Kavramsal Olarak İncelenmesi. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Vizyoner Dergisi, 16(45), 343-358.

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