TOPLUMSAL KALKINMA BAĞLAMINDA FEDERALİZMİN FIRSAT VE ZORLUKLARI: SOMALİ ÖRNEĞİ

Öz

Bu araştırma, Somali’de Federalizmden kaynaklı fırsat ve zorlukların toplumsal kalkınma özelinde incelenmesi hakkında yazılmıştır. 2004'te Somalili klan büyükleri ve politikacılar federalizmi yeni hükümet sistemi olarak benimsemeyi kanaatindeydiler ve 2012'de Somali federalizmi benimseyerek daha önceden kurulmuş olan Puntland ve Somaliland eyaletlerine ek olarak dört eyalet kurdu. Bu eyaletler: Jubaland, Galmudug, Hirshabelle ve Güney Batı Eyaletleriydi. Bu makale, federalizmin Somali'de toplumsal kalkınmayı nasıl etkilediğine odaklanmakta ve federalizmin toplumsal kalkınma açısından meydana getirdiği fırsatları ve zorlukları değerlendirmektedir. Federalizm, ekonominin büyümesi, toplumsal güvenliği, eğitim ve sağlık sisteminin gelişimi, kadınların ve gençlerin toplumsal hayata daha çok katılması, güç dağılımının dengelenmesi ve siyasi istikrarın sağlanması gibi fırsatlar sunmuş olsa da bunların yanı sıra sınır çatışmaları, güç anlaşmazlıkları, doğal kaynakların sömürülmesi ve azınlık adaletsizlikleri gibi zorluklar da doğurmuş olmaktadır. Bu araştırma için kullanılan metodoloji anketlerden sağlanan verilerin analiz edilmesi şeklindedir

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Federalizm, Toplumsal Kalkınma, Somali, Fırsatlar, Zorluklar

OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES OF FEDERALISM IN IN TERMS OF THE COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT CONCEPT: THE CASE OF SOMALIA

Öz

The paper outlines the opportunities and challenges of federalism in community development in Somalia. In 2004 Somali elders and politicians considered adopting federalism and in 2012Somalia adopted federalism and established four states: Jubaland, Galmudug, Hirshabelle, and the Southwest States, in addition to the previously established states Puntland and Somaliland. This paper focuses on how federalism affects community development in Somalia and identifies opportunities and challenges of federalism for community development. With federalism, the opportunities that it provided to the community weresecurity, economic improvement, a better education system, a healthcare system, distribution of power, political stability, and women’s and youth’s empowerment. The challenges it posed were border conflicts, power disputes, the exploitation of natural resources, and minority injustice. The method used for this research is a survey data analysis.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Federalism, Community development, Somalia, Opportunities, Challenges

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