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OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES OF FEDERALISM IN IN TERMS OF THE COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT CONCEPT: THE CASE OF SOMALIA

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 4, 70 - 85, 30.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7496563

Öz

The paper outlines the opportunities and challenges of federalism in community development in Somalia. In 2004 Somali elders and politicians considered adopting federalism and in 2012Somalia adopted federalism and established four states: Jubaland, Galmudug, Hirshabelle, and the Southwest States, in addition to the previously established states Puntland and Somaliland. This paper focuses on how federalism affects community development in Somalia and identifies opportunities and challenges of federalism for community development. With federalism, the opportunities that it provided to the community weresecurity, economic improvement, a better education system, a healthcare system, distribution of power, political stability, and women’s and youth’s empowerment. The challenges it posed were border conflicts, power disputes, the exploitation of natural resources, and minority injustice. The method used for this research is a survey data analysis.

Kaynakça

  • Abdullahi, U. et al. 2020 . Somali’s education sector: Foresting skills through a demand-driven education system. The heritage institution for policy studies.
  • Ahmad, L. 2014 . Federalism moves heighten Somalia’s natural resources debate. By Uncategorized.
  • Ahmed, I. and Green, R., H. 1999 . The heritage of war and state collapse in Somalia and Somaliland
  • Local-level effects, external intervention, and reconstruction. Feb, 1999 Vol. 20 No. 1, Taylor & Francis.
  • Ali, A. Y. S., Dahir, A. H., & Hersi, Z. D. 2019 . Federalism in post-conflict states: Assessing Somalia’s challenges and the way forward. Perspectives on Federalism.
  • AMISON 2022 . The Somali peace process. https://amisom-au.org/about-somalia/somali-peace-process/
  • BioGreat Tv, 2020 . Major ethnic groups in Somalia and its Peculiarity. https://youtu.be/jvfLiedXwoo
  • Brettschneider, C. 2017 . State and Local Governments Can Protect the Constitution from Trump. Time Magazine.
  • Brickhill, J., Bryden, M. 2010 . Disarming Somalia: lessons in the stability from collapsed state. Taylor &
  • Francis Online. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14678801003665992
  • Burgees M. 2006 . Comparative federalism: theory and practice, New York: Routledge 270 Madison Ave, New York, NY 10016.
  • Cavcic, M. Somalia’s inaugural offshore oil & gas deal with U.S. operator deemed illegal. Offshore energy. Christiansen, T. et al. 1964 eds , The Social Wheare, 1964.
  • Ebegbulem, J. C. 2011 . Federalism and the politics of resource control in Nigeria: a critical analysis of the Niger Delta crisis. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science.
  • Eghosa-Osaghae, E. 2004 , Federalism and the management of diversity in Africa, Identity, culture and politics, Vol. 5 No. 1/2.
  • Elmi, A. A. 2014 . Decentralization options for Somalia. The Heritage Institute for Policy Studies. The Heritage Institute for Policy Studies.
  • Farah, M., A. 2017 . Federalism: state-building Somalia and people’s state ownership. Academia
  • Accelerating the world’s research. Fasih, F. 2021 . Federalism with special reference to the distribution of legislative powers under U.S.A and Indian constitutions. http://www.legalservicesindia.com/article/137/Federalism....html
  • Foster J. 2021 Progressive Federalism. Youtube KingMab.
  • Frank, F. and Smith, A. 1999 The Community Development Handbook. Human Resources Development Canada HRDC .
  • Haji, M. M. 1989 . The Emergence and Role of Political Parties in the Inter-River Region of Somalia from 1960 Harry https://www.encyclopedia.com/politics/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/cooperative- federalism
  • Hill, M. 2010 . No redress: Somalia's forgotten minorities. Minority Rights Group International.
  • Hussein, M., A. 2017 . Federalism in Africa and Somalia. Altin University. Thesis Master.
  • Ife, J. W., & Tesoriero, F. 2006 . Community development: Community-based alternatives in an age of globalisation.
  • Ingiriis Mohamed, 2017, Who assassinated the Somali President in October 1969? The Cold War, the clan connection, or the coup d’état’. African Security.
  • Ingriis, M. H. 2018 . State and Clan Violence in Somalia. state and clan violence in Somalia. African
  • Conflict & Peacebuilding Review, Volume 8, Number 1, Spring 2018.
  • Jay M. S., E.W. R, Christopher P. B., and Albert C. H., 2016 : Introduction Public Administration. 9th ed. . Routledge. https://himia.umj.ac.id/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/Introducing-Public-Administration- by-Jay-M.-Shafritz-et-al.-z-lib.org_.pdf
  • JIGA, 2017 . Youth employment baseline study YEBS for Somalia. page.
  • Keating, M. and Abshir, S. 2018 . The politics of security in Somalia. Central on international cooperation. April 2018.
  • Kelemen, R. D. 2007 . Built to last? The durability of EU federalism. Making history: European integration and institutional change at fifty.
  • Kincaid, J. 1990 . Federalism and community in the American context. Publius: The Journal of Federalism, 2 .
  • Koshin, S., A. 2022 . The importance of Somali women in leadership for sustainable development and peace. March 30, 2022.
  • Levine J. and Yavorek T. 2018 . Types of federalism. Manopdf.com. https://nanopdf.com/download/file- afd93170cb92_pdf
  • Lyons Terrence & Samatar Ahmed I., 2010 , Somalia: State Collapse, Multilateral Intervention, and Strategies for Political Reconstruction, Brookings Institution Press, Washington, DC.
  • Mariotti, S. 2019 . The new progressive federalism: common benefits, state constitutional rights, and democratic political action. New Political Science, 41:1.
  • Mendes, P.P 2008 . Challenging oppression: A critical social work approach. Canada: Oxford University Press.
  • Muhammad, A., A. 2007 . federalism and political stability in Nigeria: current peril and future hopes.
  • Journal of Sustainable development in Africa. Nor, F., M. 2020 . Opportunities and challenges of federalism in Somalia. Master’s thesis.
  • Pankaj, A.K 2007 . Review article: State-led development of developing societies. Journal of Asian and African Studies, Vol. 42 No. 3/4.
  • Peters, B.G. 2001 , The Future of Governing, University Press of Kansas, Lawrence, KS.
  • Payton, G. D. 1980 . The Somali Coup of 1969: The Case for Soviet Complicity. The Journal of Modern African Studies. Reliefweb https://reliefweb.int/report/somalia/second-somali-national-consultative-constitutional-conference Second Somali National Consultative Constitution Conference.
  • Stacey, M. 1969 . The myth of community studies. The British Journal of Sociology.
  • United Nations Industrial development project UNIDO , 2020 , project document of the federal republic of https://open.unido.org/api/documents/18744970/download/190362_ProDoc_PSDP%20Somalia_v7_EB% review2[3].pdf title: Productive sectors development programme for Somalia.
  • Waal, Y., H. 2019 . Renewed hope: rebuilding Somalia’s national army. Daily Sabah.
  • Warsame, A., Handuleh, J., & Patel, P. 2016 . Prioritization in Somali health system strengthening: a qualitative study. International health.
  • Zafarullah, H. and Huque, A.S. 2001 , “Public management for good governance: reforms, regimes, and reality in Bangladesh”, International Journal of Public Administration, Vol. 24 No. 12, pp. 1379-1403.

TOPLUMSAL KALKINMA BAĞLAMINDA FEDERALİZMİN FIRSAT VE ZORLUKLARI: SOMALİ ÖRNEĞİ

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 4, 70 - 85, 30.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7496563

Öz

Bu araştırma, Somali’de Federalizmden kaynaklı fırsat ve zorlukların toplumsal kalkınma özelinde incelenmesi hakkında yazılmıştır. 2004'te Somalili klan büyükleri ve politikacılar federalizmi yeni hükümet sistemi olarak benimsemeyi kanaatindeydiler ve 2012'de Somali federalizmi benimseyerek daha önceden kurulmuş olan Puntland ve Somaliland eyaletlerine ek olarak dört eyalet kurdu. Bu eyaletler: Jubaland, Galmudug, Hirshabelle ve Güney Batı Eyaletleriydi. Bu makale, federalizmin Somali'de toplumsal kalkınmayı nasıl etkilediğine odaklanmakta ve federalizmin toplumsal kalkınma açısından meydana getirdiği fırsatları ve zorlukları değerlendirmektedir. Federalizm, ekonominin büyümesi, toplumsal güvenliği, eğitim ve sağlık sisteminin gelişimi, kadınların ve gençlerin toplumsal hayata daha çok katılması, güç dağılımının dengelenmesi ve siyasi istikrarın sağlanması gibi fırsatlar sunmuş olsa da bunların yanı sıra sınır çatışmaları, güç anlaşmazlıkları, doğal kaynakların sömürülmesi ve azınlık adaletsizlikleri gibi zorluklar da doğurmuş olmaktadır. Bu araştırma için kullanılan metodoloji anketlerden sağlanan verilerin analiz edilmesi şeklindedir

Kaynakça

  • Abdullahi, U. et al. 2020 . Somali’s education sector: Foresting skills through a demand-driven education system. The heritage institution for policy studies.
  • Ahmad, L. 2014 . Federalism moves heighten Somalia’s natural resources debate. By Uncategorized.
  • Ahmed, I. and Green, R., H. 1999 . The heritage of war and state collapse in Somalia and Somaliland
  • Local-level effects, external intervention, and reconstruction. Feb, 1999 Vol. 20 No. 1, Taylor & Francis.
  • Ali, A. Y. S., Dahir, A. H., & Hersi, Z. D. 2019 . Federalism in post-conflict states: Assessing Somalia’s challenges and the way forward. Perspectives on Federalism.
  • AMISON 2022 . The Somali peace process. https://amisom-au.org/about-somalia/somali-peace-process/
  • BioGreat Tv, 2020 . Major ethnic groups in Somalia and its Peculiarity. https://youtu.be/jvfLiedXwoo
  • Brettschneider, C. 2017 . State and Local Governments Can Protect the Constitution from Trump. Time Magazine.
  • Brickhill, J., Bryden, M. 2010 . Disarming Somalia: lessons in the stability from collapsed state. Taylor &
  • Francis Online. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14678801003665992
  • Burgees M. 2006 . Comparative federalism: theory and practice, New York: Routledge 270 Madison Ave, New York, NY 10016.
  • Cavcic, M. Somalia’s inaugural offshore oil & gas deal with U.S. operator deemed illegal. Offshore energy. Christiansen, T. et al. 1964 eds , The Social Wheare, 1964.
  • Ebegbulem, J. C. 2011 . Federalism and the politics of resource control in Nigeria: a critical analysis of the Niger Delta crisis. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science.
  • Eghosa-Osaghae, E. 2004 , Federalism and the management of diversity in Africa, Identity, culture and politics, Vol. 5 No. 1/2.
  • Elmi, A. A. 2014 . Decentralization options for Somalia. The Heritage Institute for Policy Studies. The Heritage Institute for Policy Studies.
  • Farah, M., A. 2017 . Federalism: state-building Somalia and people’s state ownership. Academia
  • Accelerating the world’s research. Fasih, F. 2021 . Federalism with special reference to the distribution of legislative powers under U.S.A and Indian constitutions. http://www.legalservicesindia.com/article/137/Federalism....html
  • Foster J. 2021 Progressive Federalism. Youtube KingMab.
  • Frank, F. and Smith, A. 1999 The Community Development Handbook. Human Resources Development Canada HRDC .
  • Haji, M. M. 1989 . The Emergence and Role of Political Parties in the Inter-River Region of Somalia from 1960 Harry https://www.encyclopedia.com/politics/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/cooperative- federalism
  • Hill, M. 2010 . No redress: Somalia's forgotten minorities. Minority Rights Group International.
  • Hussein, M., A. 2017 . Federalism in Africa and Somalia. Altin University. Thesis Master.
  • Ife, J. W., & Tesoriero, F. 2006 . Community development: Community-based alternatives in an age of globalisation.
  • Ingiriis Mohamed, 2017, Who assassinated the Somali President in October 1969? The Cold War, the clan connection, or the coup d’état’. African Security.
  • Ingriis, M. H. 2018 . State and Clan Violence in Somalia. state and clan violence in Somalia. African
  • Conflict & Peacebuilding Review, Volume 8, Number 1, Spring 2018.
  • Jay M. S., E.W. R, Christopher P. B., and Albert C. H., 2016 : Introduction Public Administration. 9th ed. . Routledge. https://himia.umj.ac.id/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/Introducing-Public-Administration- by-Jay-M.-Shafritz-et-al.-z-lib.org_.pdf
  • JIGA, 2017 . Youth employment baseline study YEBS for Somalia. page.
  • Keating, M. and Abshir, S. 2018 . The politics of security in Somalia. Central on international cooperation. April 2018.
  • Kelemen, R. D. 2007 . Built to last? The durability of EU federalism. Making history: European integration and institutional change at fifty.
  • Kincaid, J. 1990 . Federalism and community in the American context. Publius: The Journal of Federalism, 2 .
  • Koshin, S., A. 2022 . The importance of Somali women in leadership for sustainable development and peace. March 30, 2022.
  • Levine J. and Yavorek T. 2018 . Types of federalism. Manopdf.com. https://nanopdf.com/download/file- afd93170cb92_pdf
  • Lyons Terrence & Samatar Ahmed I., 2010 , Somalia: State Collapse, Multilateral Intervention, and Strategies for Political Reconstruction, Brookings Institution Press, Washington, DC.
  • Mariotti, S. 2019 . The new progressive federalism: common benefits, state constitutional rights, and democratic political action. New Political Science, 41:1.
  • Mendes, P.P 2008 . Challenging oppression: A critical social work approach. Canada: Oxford University Press.
  • Muhammad, A., A. 2007 . federalism and political stability in Nigeria: current peril and future hopes.
  • Journal of Sustainable development in Africa. Nor, F., M. 2020 . Opportunities and challenges of federalism in Somalia. Master’s thesis.
  • Pankaj, A.K 2007 . Review article: State-led development of developing societies. Journal of Asian and African Studies, Vol. 42 No. 3/4.
  • Peters, B.G. 2001 , The Future of Governing, University Press of Kansas, Lawrence, KS.
  • Payton, G. D. 1980 . The Somali Coup of 1969: The Case for Soviet Complicity. The Journal of Modern African Studies. Reliefweb https://reliefweb.int/report/somalia/second-somali-national-consultative-constitutional-conference Second Somali National Consultative Constitution Conference.
  • Stacey, M. 1969 . The myth of community studies. The British Journal of Sociology.
  • United Nations Industrial development project UNIDO , 2020 , project document of the federal republic of https://open.unido.org/api/documents/18744970/download/190362_ProDoc_PSDP%20Somalia_v7_EB% review2[3].pdf title: Productive sectors development programme for Somalia.
  • Waal, Y., H. 2019 . Renewed hope: rebuilding Somalia’s national army. Daily Sabah.
  • Warsame, A., Handuleh, J., & Patel, P. 2016 . Prioritization in Somali health system strengthening: a qualitative study. International health.
  • Zafarullah, H. and Huque, A.S. 2001 , “Public management for good governance: reforms, regimes, and reality in Bangladesh”, International Journal of Public Administration, Vol. 24 No. 12, pp. 1379-1403.
Toplam 46 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Asma Aden Abdirahman Bu kişi benim

Kamala Valiyeva Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Aralık 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 3 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA Abdirahman, A. A., & Valiyeva, K. (2022). OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES OF FEDERALISM IN IN TERMS OF THE COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT CONCEPT: THE CASE OF SOMALIA. Working Paper Series, 3(4), 70-85. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7496563