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U.S. ROLE IN SETTLING ETHNIC TERRITORIAL AND ECOLOGICAL CONFLICTS IN CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2, 54 - 75, 27.07.2020

Öz

The independence process of the Central Asian Republics, which has developed within the framework of the discussion, has led to the emergence of new debates during the integration of these countries into the international system. Depending on the reason for developing ecological ethnic conflicts and differences of opinion in the form of experienced application of liberal economic policies to increase its influence in the region and in this context the United States on Breaking the Soviet power and overall breaking the Slavic effect up has led to the acceleration of the policy. The study, which aims to add a new perspective to the literature by analyzing the regional dynamics of the USA in terms of dependent and independent variables, after the Cold War Trying to be included in the region within the framework of the new American security doctrine, the process of facing the ethnic and environmental problems inherited by the Soviet Russia process and the policies developed for this will be examined.

Kaynakça

  • Akcalı, Pinar. "III. Nation-State Building in Central Asia: A Lost Case?" Perspectives on Global Development and Technology C.2, No:3, 2003, pp. 409-429.
  • Collins Kathleen, Clan Politics and Regime Transition in Central Asia, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2006.
  • Cornell, Svante E. "Narcotics, Radicalism, and Armed Conflict in Central Asia: the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan." Terrorism and Political Violence, C.17.No: 4, 2005, pp. 619-639.
  • Dukhovny, Viktor Abramovich, and Vadim Sokolov. Lessons on Cooperation Building to Manage Water Conflicts in the Aral Sea Basin. Paris: Unesco, 2003 p. 213.
  • Foroughi, Payam. "Tajikistan: Nationalism, Ethnicity, Conflict, and Socio-Economic Disparities--Sources and Solutions." Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs, C.22, No: 1 (2002): pp. 39-61.
  • Fumagalli, Matteo. “Framing Ethnic Minority Mobilisation in Central Asia: The Cases of Uzbeks in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan”, Europe-Asia Studies, C.59, No: 4, 2007, pp. 567-579.
  • Hermann, Rainer. Conflict Constellations in Central Asia–Challenges for OSCE, 2001.
  • Kasymov, Mukhtar. Major Problems of Water Management and Maintenance of on-farm Irrigation Systems in Central Kyrgyzstan: A Case Study from Kara-Suu Village, Naryn Oblast, PhD Thesis, 2015.
  • Khasanova, Nariya. "Revisiting Water İssues İn Central Asia: Shifting From Regional Approach To National Solutions." New Voices From Central Asia. Political, Economic, and Societal Challenges and Opportunities, Washington: The George Washington University, 2017.
  • Kotlyakov, Vladimir M. "The Aral Sea Basin: A Critical Environmental Zone" Environment: Science and Policy for Sustainable Development, C.33, No:1, 1991, pp. 4-38.
  • Laldjebaev, Murodbek. "The Water–Energy Puzzle in Central Asia: the Tajikistan Perspective." International Journal of Water Resources Development, C.26, No: 1, 2010 pp. 23-36.
  • Lewis, Maureen, Who Is Paying for Health Care in Eastern Europe and Central Asia? World Bank Publications, 2000.
  • Mandelbaurn, Michael. “Central Asia and the World: Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, and Turkmenistan”, Council on Foreign Relations, 1994, C.1, No:2, pp. 32-34.
  • Mankoff, Jeffrey. “The United States and Central Asia After 2014”, Center for Strategic and International Studies, 2013 pp.231-274.
  • Mckinney, Daene C. "Cooperative Management of Transboundary Water Resources in Central Asia." In The Tracks of Tamerlane: Central Asia’s Path to the 21st Century, Washington, DC, National Defense University, 2004, pp. 187-220.
  • Megoran, Nick. “The Critical Geopolitics of the Uzbekistan–Kyrgyzstan Ferghana Valley Boundary Dispute, 1999–2000”, C.23, No: 6, Political Geography, 2009, pp. 731-756.
  • Mosello, Beatrice. "Water in Central Asia: A Prospect of Conflict or Cooperation?" Journal of Public & International Affairs, C.1, No: 19, 2008, p. 27.
  • O’Hara, Sarah. "Central Asia's Water Resources: Contemporary And Future Management İssues." International Journal of Water Resources Development, C:16, No: 3, 2000 pp. 423-441.
  • Payam Foroughi, "Tajikistan: Nationalism, Ethnicity, Conflict, and Socio-Economic Disparities--Sources and Solutions." Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs, C.22, No: 1 (2002): pp. 39-54.
  • Peachey, Everett J. "The Aral Sea Basin Crisis and Sustainable Water Resource Management in Central Asia." Journal of Publıc and Internatıonal Affaırs, C: 1, No: 15, 2014, p. 6.
  • Pomfret, Richard, "Central Asian Regional Integration and New Trade Patterns." The Euro-Asian World, Palgrave Macmillan, London, 2000, PP.188-206.
  • Raballand, Gael, Antoine Kunth, and Richard Auty. "Central Asia's transport Cost Burden and Its mpact on Trade.", Economic Systems, C.29, No: 1, 2005, pp. 6-31.
  • Rahimov, Mirzohid. “From Soviet Republics to Independent Countries: Challenges of Transition in Central Asia”, The Greater Middle East in Global Politics, Brill Publication, 2007, pp. 269-291.
  • Roy, Olivier. The New Central Asia: The Creation of Nations, New York, II. Bsm. Tauris, 2000.
  • Sabol, Steven. “The Creation of Soviet Central Asia: The 1924 National Delimitation”, Central Asian Survey, C. 14, No: 2, 2005, pp. 225-247.
  • Sahadeo, Jeff. Russian Colonial Society in Tashkent, 1865-1923. Indiana University Press, 2007.
  • Schatz, Edward. Modern Clan Politics: The Power of" Blood" in Kazakhstan and Beyond, University of Washington Press, Washington, 2004.
  • Schlesinger, Philip. "Changing Spaces of Political Communication: The Case of the European Union." Political Communication, C. 16, No: 3, 1999, pp. 263-279.
  • Sergei Abashin, “The Transformation of Ethnic Identity in Central Asia: A Case Study of the Uzbeks and Tajiks”, Russian Regional Perspectives Journal, C 1, No: 2. 2003, pp. 32-55.
  • Smith, David R. "Environmental Security and Shared Water Resources in Post-Soviet Central Asia." Post-Soviet Geography C.36, No: 6, 2005, pp. 351-370.
  • Sorg, Annina, et al. "Coping with Changing Water Resources: The Case of the Syr Darya River Basin in Central Asia", Environmental Science & Policy C. 43 No: 1, 2014 pp. 68-69.
  • Touval, Saadia. "The Superpowers as Mediators." Mediation in International Relations, Palgrave Macmillan, London, 1992, pp. 232-248.
  • Zhaimagambetov, Suiuntai. “The Protracted Border and Territorial Disputes Between Kyrgyzstan and Its Neighbors”, Army Command and General Staff College Fort Leavenworth Report, C.1, No:1, 2015, pp. 17-41.

U.S. ROLE IN SETTLING ETHNIC TERRITORIAL AND ECOLOGICAL CONFLICTS IN CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2, 54 - 75, 27.07.2020

Öz

The independence process of the Central Asian Republics, which has developed within the framework of the discussion, has led to the emergence of new debates during the integration of these countries into the international system. Depending on the reason for developing ecological ethnic conflicts and differences of opinion in the form of experienced application of liberal economic policies to increase its influence in the region and in this context the United States on Breaking the Soviet power and overall breaking the Slavic effect up has led to the acceleration of the policy. The study, which aims to add a new perspective to the literature by analyzing the regional dynamics of the USA in terms of dependent and independent variables, after the Cold War Trying to be included in the region within the framework of the new American security doctrine, the process of facing the ethnic and environmental problems inherited by the Soviet Russia process and the policies developed for this will be examined.

Kaynakça

  • Akcalı, Pinar. "III. Nation-State Building in Central Asia: A Lost Case?" Perspectives on Global Development and Technology C.2, No:3, 2003, pp. 409-429.
  • Collins Kathleen, Clan Politics and Regime Transition in Central Asia, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2006.
  • Cornell, Svante E. "Narcotics, Radicalism, and Armed Conflict in Central Asia: the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan." Terrorism and Political Violence, C.17.No: 4, 2005, pp. 619-639.
  • Dukhovny, Viktor Abramovich, and Vadim Sokolov. Lessons on Cooperation Building to Manage Water Conflicts in the Aral Sea Basin. Paris: Unesco, 2003 p. 213.
  • Foroughi, Payam. "Tajikistan: Nationalism, Ethnicity, Conflict, and Socio-Economic Disparities--Sources and Solutions." Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs, C.22, No: 1 (2002): pp. 39-61.
  • Fumagalli, Matteo. “Framing Ethnic Minority Mobilisation in Central Asia: The Cases of Uzbeks in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan”, Europe-Asia Studies, C.59, No: 4, 2007, pp. 567-579.
  • Hermann, Rainer. Conflict Constellations in Central Asia–Challenges for OSCE, 2001.
  • Kasymov, Mukhtar. Major Problems of Water Management and Maintenance of on-farm Irrigation Systems in Central Kyrgyzstan: A Case Study from Kara-Suu Village, Naryn Oblast, PhD Thesis, 2015.
  • Khasanova, Nariya. "Revisiting Water İssues İn Central Asia: Shifting From Regional Approach To National Solutions." New Voices From Central Asia. Political, Economic, and Societal Challenges and Opportunities, Washington: The George Washington University, 2017.
  • Kotlyakov, Vladimir M. "The Aral Sea Basin: A Critical Environmental Zone" Environment: Science and Policy for Sustainable Development, C.33, No:1, 1991, pp. 4-38.
  • Laldjebaev, Murodbek. "The Water–Energy Puzzle in Central Asia: the Tajikistan Perspective." International Journal of Water Resources Development, C.26, No: 1, 2010 pp. 23-36.
  • Lewis, Maureen, Who Is Paying for Health Care in Eastern Europe and Central Asia? World Bank Publications, 2000.
  • Mandelbaurn, Michael. “Central Asia and the World: Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, and Turkmenistan”, Council on Foreign Relations, 1994, C.1, No:2, pp. 32-34.
  • Mankoff, Jeffrey. “The United States and Central Asia After 2014”, Center for Strategic and International Studies, 2013 pp.231-274.
  • Mckinney, Daene C. "Cooperative Management of Transboundary Water Resources in Central Asia." In The Tracks of Tamerlane: Central Asia’s Path to the 21st Century, Washington, DC, National Defense University, 2004, pp. 187-220.
  • Megoran, Nick. “The Critical Geopolitics of the Uzbekistan–Kyrgyzstan Ferghana Valley Boundary Dispute, 1999–2000”, C.23, No: 6, Political Geography, 2009, pp. 731-756.
  • Mosello, Beatrice. "Water in Central Asia: A Prospect of Conflict or Cooperation?" Journal of Public & International Affairs, C.1, No: 19, 2008, p. 27.
  • O’Hara, Sarah. "Central Asia's Water Resources: Contemporary And Future Management İssues." International Journal of Water Resources Development, C:16, No: 3, 2000 pp. 423-441.
  • Payam Foroughi, "Tajikistan: Nationalism, Ethnicity, Conflict, and Socio-Economic Disparities--Sources and Solutions." Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs, C.22, No: 1 (2002): pp. 39-54.
  • Peachey, Everett J. "The Aral Sea Basin Crisis and Sustainable Water Resource Management in Central Asia." Journal of Publıc and Internatıonal Affaırs, C: 1, No: 15, 2014, p. 6.
  • Pomfret, Richard, "Central Asian Regional Integration and New Trade Patterns." The Euro-Asian World, Palgrave Macmillan, London, 2000, PP.188-206.
  • Raballand, Gael, Antoine Kunth, and Richard Auty. "Central Asia's transport Cost Burden and Its mpact on Trade.", Economic Systems, C.29, No: 1, 2005, pp. 6-31.
  • Rahimov, Mirzohid. “From Soviet Republics to Independent Countries: Challenges of Transition in Central Asia”, The Greater Middle East in Global Politics, Brill Publication, 2007, pp. 269-291.
  • Roy, Olivier. The New Central Asia: The Creation of Nations, New York, II. Bsm. Tauris, 2000.
  • Sabol, Steven. “The Creation of Soviet Central Asia: The 1924 National Delimitation”, Central Asian Survey, C. 14, No: 2, 2005, pp. 225-247.
  • Sahadeo, Jeff. Russian Colonial Society in Tashkent, 1865-1923. Indiana University Press, 2007.
  • Schatz, Edward. Modern Clan Politics: The Power of" Blood" in Kazakhstan and Beyond, University of Washington Press, Washington, 2004.
  • Schlesinger, Philip. "Changing Spaces of Political Communication: The Case of the European Union." Political Communication, C. 16, No: 3, 1999, pp. 263-279.
  • Sergei Abashin, “The Transformation of Ethnic Identity in Central Asia: A Case Study of the Uzbeks and Tajiks”, Russian Regional Perspectives Journal, C 1, No: 2. 2003, pp. 32-55.
  • Smith, David R. "Environmental Security and Shared Water Resources in Post-Soviet Central Asia." Post-Soviet Geography C.36, No: 6, 2005, pp. 351-370.
  • Sorg, Annina, et al. "Coping with Changing Water Resources: The Case of the Syr Darya River Basin in Central Asia", Environmental Science & Policy C. 43 No: 1, 2014 pp. 68-69.
  • Touval, Saadia. "The Superpowers as Mediators." Mediation in International Relations, Palgrave Macmillan, London, 1992, pp. 232-248.
  • Zhaimagambetov, Suiuntai. “The Protracted Border and Territorial Disputes Between Kyrgyzstan and Its Neighbors”, Army Command and General Staff College Fort Leavenworth Report, C.1, No:1, 2015, pp. 17-41.
Toplam 33 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Uluslararası İlişkiler
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Kaan Diyarbakırlıoğlu 0000-0003-4511-5330

Yayımlanma Tarihi 27 Temmuz 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Diyarbakırlıoğlu, K. (2020). U.S. ROLE IN SETTLING ETHNIC TERRITORIAL AND ECOLOGICAL CONFLICTS IN CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES. Barış Araştırmaları Ve Çatışma Çözümleri Dergisi, 8(2), 54-75.