Yoğun Bakım Hemşirelerinin Enteral Beslenme Uygulamaları ve Farklılıklarının Değerlendirilmesi: Kesitsel Tanımlayıcı Çalışma

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı yoğun bakım hemşirelerinin enteral beslenmeye ilişkin uygulamaları belirlemektir. Yöntem: Kesitsel ve tanımlayıcı tipte planlanan bu çalışma, Ekim 2016–Şubat 2017 tarihleri arasında Türkiye İzmir ilinde bulunan dört hastanede görev yapan 156 yoğun bakım hemşiresi ile yürütülmüştür. Veriler, araştırmacılar tarafından literatür doğrultusunda geliştirilen Bireysel Tanımlama Formu ve Enteral Beslenme Veri Toplama Formu aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Hemşirelerin %64,7’sinin enteral beslenmeye ilişkin herhangi bir kılavuz kullanmadığı, %62,2’sinin sürekli enteral beslenme sırasında rutin aralar verdiği belirlenmiştir. Hemşirelerin %82,1’inin gastrik rezidüel volüm (GRV) kontrolü yaptığı, ancak GRV değerlendirme sıklığı ve yüksek kabul edilen değerler açısından farklılıklar olduğu saptanmıştır. Ayrıca tüp yerinin doğrulanması, hasta pozisyonu ve mide içeriğinin yönetimi gibi uygulamalarda hemşireler arasında önemli farklılıklar olduğu bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Yoğun bakım hemşireleri arasında enteral beslenme uygulamalarında belirgin farklılıklar bulunmaktadır. Bu durum, kanıta dayalı kılavuzların yeterince kullanılmadığını ve uygulamaların standardize edilmediğini göstermektedir. Hasta güvenliğinin artırılması ve komplikasyonların azaltılması için kanıta dayalı kılavuzların yaygınlaştırılması ve hemşirelere yönelik eğitim programlarının düzenlenmesi önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• yoğun bakım
• enteral besleme
• hemşirelik
• hemşirelik bakımı

Destekleyen Kurum

yok

Etik Beyan

ARAŞTIRMANIN ETİK YÖNÜ Araştırmanın yürütülebilmesi için; 05.08.2016 tarihinde Ege Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırmalar Etik Kurulu’ndan (BAYEK) (Karar no: 27344949-600) yazılı izin ve araştırmaya katılan hemşirelerden yazılı bilgilendirilmiş olur alındı. Çalışma Helsinki Deklarasyonu Prensipleri’ne uygun olarak yürütüldü.

Teşekkür

Çalışmaya gönüllü olarak katılan hemşirelere teşekkürler.

Evaluation of Enteral Nutrition Practices and Variations of Intensive Care Unit Nurses: A Cross-Sectional Descriptive Study

Öz

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the nurses enteral nutrition practices in intensive care unit (ICU) Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted between October 2016 and February 2017 with 156 ICU nurses working in four hospitals in İzmir/Turkey. Data were collected with “an Individual Descriptive Form” and “an enteral nutrition (EN) data collection form” which were developed by the researchers based on the literature. Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis. Results: It was found that 64.7% of the nurses did not use any EN guideline, and 62.2% routinely interrupted continuous enteral feeding. It was found that 82.1% of nurses monitored gastric residual volume (GRV), but there were differences in the frequency of GRV assessment and the values considered high. Furthermore, significant differencess were observed among nurses in practices such as confirming the tube placement, patient positioning, and managing gastric contents. Conclusion: There are substantial differences in enteral nutrition practices among ICU nurses. These findings indicate insufficient use of evidence-based guidelines and lack of standardization in clinical practice. To improve patient safety and reduce complications, it is recommended to disseminate evidence-based guidelines and conduct training programs for nurses.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• critical care
• enteral nutrition
• nursing
• nursing care

Destekleyen Kurum

none

Etik Beyan

In order to conduct the research, written permission was obtained from the Ege University Scientific Research Ethics Committee (BAYEK) on August 5, 2016 (Decision No: 27344949-600) and written informed consent was obtained from the nurses participating in the research. The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration.

Teşekkür

Thank you to the nurses who volunteered to participate in the study.

Kaynakça

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