ANALYSIS OF NFC BASED TRACEABILITY SYSTEMS IN FOOD FIELD AND DESIGN OF A MODEL

Öz

Food traceability plays a vital role in enhancing food safety, quality control, and consumer confidence by enabling transparent and secure monitoring of all processes from production to consumption. Traditional traceability systems mostly rely on limited digital solutions such as barcodes and QR codes, which are inadequate in terms of data updateability, security, and real-time tracking. While partial traceability can be achieved during the production phase for certain products, a comprehensive solution that includes all actors in the food supply chain has not yet been widely implemented due to various challenges. This study addresses these shortcomings by examining the integration of NFC (Near Field Communication) technology into the food supply chain. Based on a review of the literature and sectoral applications, the technical infrastructure and potential use cases of NFC are analyzed in detail. An example NFC-based traceability model with a multi-layered architecture is proposed, and the system’s physical, communication, software, and user interface layers are described. Furthermore, the applicability and sustainability of NFC-based systems are evaluated, and potential technical and operational challenges are discussed along with proposed solutions. The findings suggest that NFC technology can serve as a key enabler in the digital transformation of the food sector and offer a more efficient and secure alternative for traceability systems.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• NFC Technology
• Food Traceability
• Model Design

GIDA ALANINDAKİ NFC TABANLI İZLENEBİLİRLİK SİSTEMLERİNİN ANALİZİ VE BİR MODEL TASARIMI

Öz

Gıda izlenebilirliği, üretimden tüketime kadar tüm süreçlerin şeffaf ve güvenli bir biçimde izlenmesini sağlayarak gıda güvenliği, kalite kontrolü ve tüketici güveninin artırılmasında önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Geleneksel izlenebilirlik sistemleri genellikle barkod ve QR kod gibi sınırlı dijital çözümlere dayanmakta; veri güncellenebilirliği, güvenlik ve gerçek zamanlı takip açısından yetersiz kalmaktadır. Bazı ürünlerde kısmen izlenebilirlik üretim sürecinde sağlanmaktayken gıda tedarik zincirinin tüm aktörlerine yönelik bir çözüm birçok nedenden dolayı henüz kullanılamamaktadır. Bu çalışma bu eksiklikleri gidermek amacıyla NFC teknolojisinin gıda tedarik zincirine entegre edilmesini ele almaktadır. Literatür taraması ve sektörel uygulamalar doğrultusunda, NFC’nin teknik altyapısı ve kullanım alanları detaylandırılmış, gıda izlenebilirliğinde sağlayabileceği katkılar analiz edilmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında, çok katmanlı bir mimariye sahip örnek bir NFC tabanlı izlenebilirlik modeli önerilmiş; sistemin fiziksel, iletişim, yazılım ve kullanıcı arayüzü katmanları açıklanmıştır. Ayrıca, NFC tabanlı sistemlerin uygulanabilirliği ve sürdürülebilirliği değerlendirilmiş, karşılaşılabilecek teknik ve operasyonel zorluklara çözüm önerileri sunulmuştur. Sonuç olarak, NFC teknolojisinin gıda sektöründe dijital dönüşümün temel bileşenlerinden biri olabileceği ve izlenebilirlik sistemlerinde daha etkin ve güvenli bir alternatif sunduğu ortaya konulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• NFC Teknolojisi
• Gıda İzlenilirliği
• Model Tasarımı

Kaynakça

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