Kur’an’ın Arnavutça’ya Tercümesi ve Tefsirinin Sayfaları

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 167 - 220, 01.12.2018

İsmail Bardhi

Öz

Kur’an’ın Arnavutça’ya Tercümesi ve Tefsirinin Sayfaları çalışması

üç bölüme ayrılmıştır: Siyasi ve kültürel – dinî koşullar; Kur’an’ın

Arnavutça’ya tercümeleri ve Arnavutlarda Kur’an tefsiri geleneği.

Eserin birinci bölümü dinî􀆸 kültürün gelişmesini engelleyen

meşakatli zamanları değerlendirmektedir. Bahsekonu vahim dönem

dinî kültürün gelişimini egellediği gibi, onu fakirleştirmiş, yıkmış

ve unutulmaya terk etmiştir. Bu dönem ardından ciddi sonuçlar

bırakmıştır. Kur’an tercümeleri bu zor dönemin üstesinden geldi

ve Müslüman Arnavutlar büyük bir ihtimam ve sevgi ile önce kısmen,

sonraları ise Kur’an-ı Azîmüşşan’ın tamamının tercümesine

başladılar. Tercümelere ilişkin entelektüel kesimlerde ve İ􀇚slâmi

kurumlar nezdinde önemli münazaraların gerçekleştiği gözlemlenebilmektedir.

Doğal olarak ilk başlarda kısmi tercümeler tamamlanıp

yayınlandı, akabinde ise Kelamullah’ın tamamının tercümesi

yayınlanmıştır. Aynı zamanda bu bölümde Kur’an’ın Arnavutça’ya

tercümesini gerçekleştiren mütercimlerin isimleri de zikredilmektedir.

Arnavutlarda tefsir geleneğini değerlendiren bölümde ise müfessirlerin

isimlerinden başlayarak onların tefsirlerinin sayfalarının

kısmi ve sistematik olarak tamamına dek detaylı bir tasvir sunulmuştur.

Arnavut müfessirlerin konuları ele alma yöntemi, farklı

tefsir ekollerinin etkisini gün yüzüne çıkarmaktadır. Bu bağlamda

Osmanlı ekolü, Arap ekolü ve Arnavut ekolü temayüz etmektedir.

Aynı zamanda bu bahsi kanıtlayan kaynaklar da arz edilmiştir.

İ􀇚şbu çalışmada başlıca Arnavutların anadillerinde yazmış olduğu

kaynaklar kullanılmıştır. Bunun amacı, bahsekonu edebî􀆸 kaynakların

Kur’an tefsiri edebiyatının bir parçasını teşkil etmeleri ve

Müslüman Arnavut müfessir ve mütercimlerin fedakârca gayretlerini

ortaya çıkarmaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kuran, Arnavutça Tercüme

The Sayfahs of the Translation and Tafseer of the Noble Qur’an Into Albanian Language

Öz

This paper, namely The Sayfahs of Translation and Tafseer of the

Qur’an al-Kareem into Albanian Language, is divided in three parts:

Political and Cultural-Religious Circumstances; Translations of the

Qur’an into Albanian Language; and The Tradition of the Tafseer of

the Qur’an among Albanians.

The first part deals with the difficult times that have prevented the

development of religious culture, not only by hindering this culture,

but also by impoverishing, destroying and throwing it into oblivion,

and that historical period left consequences for the future too.

Translations of the Qur’an have overcome that difficult phase, and

Albanian Muslims with a particular care and love began the partial

and latter the complete translation of God’s Word. Regarding the

issue of translation one may notice important debates in Muslim

intellectual and institutional circles. Of course, at the beginning

only partial translations were done and published, and much latter

the complete ones. Also, in this part names of the translators of the

Qur’an into Albanian language are presented.

The tafseer tradition is presented in detail, beginning with the

names of of mufassirs up to the sayfahs of their tafseers, partial and

complete – systematic. The ways of dealing with the subjects by Albanian

mufassirs show the influence of various schools of tafseer,

that of the Ottoman Empire, the Arab and the Albanian religious

school. Sources that prove the aforementioned are also given.

In this work mainly the literature of the Albanian people written

in their own language has been used, intending to make that literature

a part of the literature of the tafseer of the Qur’an as well as

to present the tireless work and efforts of Albanian Muslim translators

and mufassirs.

Anahtar Kelimeler

tafseer, noble quran

Kaynakça

• Zani i Naltë (Tirana – Albania) DIBRA, Vehbi, Tefsiri i Kur’anit (Tafseer of the Qur’an)(chapter 50, verse 38), 11 July 1934 KORÇA, Hafiz Ali, Tafseer of sure-i Asr, 2 November 1923 _____, Tafseer of sure-i Ikhlas, 3 December 1923 _____, Tafseer of sure-i Kawthar, 4 January 1924 _____, Tafseer of sure-i Ma’un, 5 February 1924 _____, Tafseer of sure-i Nasr, 6 March 1924 _____, Tafseer of sure-i Qadr, 7 April 1324 _____, Tafseer of sure-i Fatihah, 8 May 1924 _____, Tafseer of sure-i Takathur, 9 June 1924 _____, Tafseer of sure-i Humazah, 10 July 1924 _____, Tafseer of sure-i Feel, 11 August 1924 _____, Tafseer of sure-i Alaq (poetry), 12 September 1924 _____, Tafseer on Muslim culture, government culture, 1 March 1925 _____, Tafseer of sure-i Alaq (Muhammad Mensur Abdul Mu’min), 2 April 1925 _____, Tafseer of sure-i Zilzal, 5 December 1926 _____, Tafseer of the sure of Earthquake, 6 January 1927 _____, Tafseer of sure-i Duha, 8 March 1927 _____, Tefsiri on the verse showing the universal prophecy, 10 May 1927 _____, Tefsiri on the verse showing the universal prophecy of h. Muhammad, 11 June 1927 _____, Tefsiri on the verse showing the universal prophecy of h. Muhammad, 12 July 1927 _____, Verse showing the universal prophecy of h. Muhammad a.s (i), 1 November 1927 _____, Verse showing the universal prophecy of h. Muhammad a.s (ii), 2 December 1927 _____, Verse confirming the universal prophecy based upon a majority of European scholars, 3 January 1928 _____, Verse confirming the universal prophecy based upon documents by European scholars, 4 February 1928 _____, Verse confirming the universal prophecy of h. Muhammad a.s. according to documents of European scholars, 6 April 1928 _____, Verse confirming the universal prophecy … according to documents by European ulama, 7 May 1928 _____, On the universal prophecy of h. Muhammad a.s., 9 July 1928 _____, The Universal prophecy of h. Muhammad a.s., 10-11 August-September 1928 _____, Tafseer of sure-i Falaq, 2 February 1929 _____, Tafseer of sure-i Nas, 3 March 1929 _____, Tafseer of sure-i Teen, 4 April 1929 _____, The Essence of the Qur’an (chapter al-Fatihah), 8-9 April-May 1934 _____, The Essence of the Qur’an (chapter Muzzammil), 10-11 June-July 1934 _____, The Essence of the Qur’an (chapter Muddathir), 12 August 1934 _____, The Essence of the Qur’an (vi) (chapters Masad and Taqwir), 15 November 1934 _____, The Essence of the Qur’an (vi) (chapter Taqwir), 5 May 1935 Kultura Islame (Tirana – Albania) BEGA, Sadik, Tafseer of the Qur’an, al-Inshirah with 8 verses, 2 (62), October 1944 _____, Commentary of the Qur’an, (verse 285 of chapter II), 9 (69), September 1945 _____, Pages of the commentary of the Qur’an (al-An’am, verse 52), 10-11 (70-71), October-November 1945 _____, Pages of the commentary of the Qur’an (chapter 2, verses 1-5), 12 (72), December 1945 SHAROFI, Haki, Tafseer of the Qur’an (al-Baqarah, verse 21), 3-7, November-December 1942, January-February-March 1943 _____, Qur’anic pages, Tafseer of the Qur’an (al-Bakarah, verse 29), 8 April 1943 _____, Tafseer of the Qur’an II (chap. 50, verse 38), 12 August 1943 _____, Tafseer of the Qur’an where the following verses are treated: (50:38; 7:54; 25:59; 10:3; 11:7; 32:4; 57:4; 1 (49), September 1943 _____, Tafseer of the Qur’an (Qur’an 5:32), 2-3 (50-51), October-November 1943 _____, Tafseer of the Qur’an, chapter al-Balad, 9 (57), May 1944 _____, Tafseer of the Qur’an (surah 8, verses 45, 46, 47 and 60), 10 (58), June 1944 Edukata Islame (Prishtina – Kosova) AHMETI, h. Sherif, Prezentimi i Zotit xh.sh. në natyrë dhe proçese (“Presentation of God in nature and processes”), no. 1/1971, pp. 6-9. _____, Commentary of the surah “Wal Asr”, no. 2/1971, pp. 3-9. _____, Profeti Muhamed këshillon (Prophet Muhammad is advising), no. 2, pp. 19-21. _____, Shkollimi-arsimimi i femrës dhe Islami (Education of women and Islam), no. 2, pp. 42-45. _____, Mirë se na vjen muaj i madh i arsimit islam! (Welcome a great month of Islamic education), no. 3/1971, pp. 3-7. _____, Commentary of surah al-Fatihah, no. 3/1971, pp. 8-16. _____, Commentary of the verse “Inneddine Indall-llahil Islam”, no. 4/1972, pp 3-8. _____, Commentary of the surah “Ikhlas”, no. 5/1972, pp. 3-9. _____, Disa fjalë mbi pejgamberin e fesë islame (Few words about the Prophet of Islam), no. 5/1972, pp. 10-16. _____, Commentary of the verse “Rabbena atina fiddunya haseneten wa fil ahireti haseneten wa kina adhabennar”, no. 6/1972, pp. 3-10. _____, Commentary of the verse Koment i verset “Innall-llahe ya’muru bi-ladli wal-ihsani wa itai dhil qurba…..”, no. 8/1973, pp. 3-10. _____, Commentary of the verse “Ve ma halektu al-jinna wal-insa il-la liya’budun….” (al-Dhariyat, 56-58), no. 9-10/1974, pp. 3-8. _____, Commentary of the verse “O people! We created you from a male and a female, and made you races and tribes, that you may know one another …”, no. 11-12/1974, pp. 3-7. _____, Besimtarët e Zotit dhe të dërguarit e tij (Believers of God and His prophets), no. 14/1975, pp. 3-6. _____, Commentary of the verse “Ya ayyuhal-ladhinah amanu kutibe aleykussiyamu…” (al-Bakarah, 183), no. 14/1975, pp. 7-10. _____, Përkujtime ndaj Besimit-Imanit (Reminders to belief-iman), no. 14/1975, pp. 53-56. _____, Commentary of the verse of Jumuah “O you who believe! When the call is made for prayer on Congregation Day (Friday), hasten to the remembrance of God ……..”, no. 17/1976, pp. 3-8. _____, Commentary of the surah Falaq, no. 22/1978, pp. 3-7. _____, Commentary of the verse “Senurihim ayatina fil afaki wa fi anfusihim…”, no. 24/1979, pp. 3-8. _____, Commentary of the verse, ”Inna aredna al amanete alessemawati wal ardi wal jebali…”, no. 25/1979, pp. 3-8. _____, Në Prishtinën e bukur edhe medreseja e re “Alauddin” (In the beutiful Prishtina the new madrasah “Alauddin”), no. 25/1979, pp. 9-12. _____, Islamizmi dhe marrëdhëniet ndërnjerëzore (Islamism and inter-human relations), no. 33-34/1982, pp. 30-32. _____, Nga Komisioni për përkthimin e Kur’anit (From the Commission for translation of the Qur’an), no. 35-36/1982, f. 56. _____, Chapter II “al-Baqaratu” (verses 1-25), no. 35-36/1982 pp. 57-60. _____, The Second International Conference on “Islamic Dawah and the Modern World””, no. 35-36/1982 pp. 64-66. _____, Muhamedi a.s. është shembull i virtyteve morale (Muhammad a.s. is an example of moral virtues), no. 39/1984, pp. 3-8. _____, Fjala (The Word), no. 39/1984, pp. 37-44. _____, Mevludi-Manifestim për ditëlindjen e Muhamedit a.s. (Mawlood – Manifestation on the birth of Muhammad a.s.), no. 39/1984, pp. 45-50. _____, Afrimi te Zoti xh.sh. (Comming closer to God), no. 40/1984, pp. 3-10. _____, Telkini, no. 40/1984, pp. 75-78. _____, Përgjegjësia e njeriut (Man’s responsibility), no. 43/1985, pp. 3-9. _____, Commentary of the verse, “Wallahu ahrejeekum min butuni ummahatikum…. (al-Nahl, 78), no. 44-45/1986, pp. 3-8. _____, I dërguari i Zotit xh.sh. (The Messenger of God), no. 44-45/1986, pp. 106-108. Takvim (Prishtina – Kosova) AHMET, h. Sherif, Bajrami dhe kurbani (Eid and Qurban), 1390-91/1971. _____, Ahmarrja (Vengeance), 1389-90/1970. _____, Argumentimi mbi ahiretin (Argument on Akhirah), 1400/1980. _____, Dynjaja(po-jo) e mallkuar (The (non-)cursed World), 1402/1982. _____, Emrat që përdorën ndër besimtarë të fesë islame dhe domethënia e tyre (Names used among Muslim believers and their meanings), 1415-16/1995. _____, Fe do të thotë: Besim dhe veprim (Religion means: Belief and Action, 1400/1980. 220 Yakın Doğu Ü􀇆 niversitesi İ􀇚lahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi _____, Feja –a mos është gjë e vjetruar? (Religion: is it something outdated), 1401/1981. _____, Feja Islame në zgjidhjen dhe rregullimin e çështjeve ndërnjerëzore (Islam in solving and regulating the inter-human issues), 1404/1984. _____, Feja ka lindur bashkë me njeriun (Belef was born together with man), 1404/1984. _____, Hutbetul Vedae (Fjalimi lamtumires i Muhamedit a.s) (The Farewell speach of Muhammad a.s.), 1393-94/1974. _____, Legjislatura islame dhe drejtimet (Islamic Legislation and directions), 1415-16/1995. _____, Mësimet te cilat lypset me i dite mbi Kur’anin (Lessons that need to be known about Qur’an), 1393-94/1974. _____, Njeriu (Man), 1402/1982. _____, Profeti-pejgamberi këshillon (The Prophet advises), 1394-95/1975. _____, Profeti-Pejgamberi Muhamed Keshillon (Prophet Muhammad advises), 1394-95/1975. _____, Shembëlltyra e Muhamedit a.s. (The Parable of Muhammad), 1401/1981. _____, Shpallja-Kurani (The Revelation – Qur’an), 1401/1981. _____, Si vërteton Herakliu mbi profetësinë e Muhamedit a.s. (How Heraclius proves the prophethood of Muhammad a.s.), 1396/1976. _____, Surah “al-Zilzal”, 1406/1986. _____, Të dërguarit e Zotit (pejgamberët) (God’s prophets), 1401/1981. _____, Të dërguarit e Zotit (pejgamberët) (God’s prophets), 1401/1981. _____, Tesavvufi (Tasawuf), 1401/1981. _____, Udhëzime Islame (Islamic instructions), 1408-9/1988, str. 113-143. _____, Veçoritë e fesë së vërtetë (The peculiarities of the true religion), 1402/1982.