THE IMPACT OF LEGAL FRAMEWORK ON FEMALE ENTREPRENEURSHIP: A PANEL DATA ANALYSIS

Öz

Female self-employment can be both a way of increasing female labor force participation and diversity in entrepreneurship. While there are many studies explaining the individual characteristics causing differences in women and men choosing self-employment, studies explaining substantial variation of female entrepreneurship rate between countries are relatively few. Therefore, the objective of this study is to investigate the socio-cultural, legal and economic conditions of the countries that can lead female entrepreneurship rates vary by using World Bank data on 112 countries and dynamic panel data model. Results based on the estimation of this model denotes the importance of legal framework in terms of increasing female entrepreneurship rates alongside the determinants previously searched. The countries reaching closer to legal equality between women and men in terms of business opportunities have higher share of female entrepreneurs.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Entrepreneurship
• gender
• legal equality
• cross country

YASAL ÇERÇEVENİN KADIN GİRİŞİMCİLİĞİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ: PANEL VERİ ANALİZİ

Öz

Kadınların serbest meslek sahibi olması hem kadınların işgücüne katılımını hem de girişimcilikteki çeşitliliği artırmanın bir yolu olabilir. Kadınların ve erkeklerin serbest mesleği tercih etmelerinde farklılıklara neden olan bireysel özellikleri açıklayan birçok çalışma olmasına rağmen, kadın girişimcilik oranlarının ülkeler arasında neden önemli biçimde farklılık gösterdiğini açıklayan çalışmalar nispeten azdır. Dolayısıyla bu çalışmanın amacı, Dünya Bankası'nın 112 ülke verilerini ve dinamik panel veri modelini kullanarak, kadın girişimcilik oranlarının ülkeler arasında değişiklik göstermesine sebep olabilecek sosyo-kültürel, yasal ve ekonomik koşulları araştırmaktır. Bu modelin tahminine dayalı sonuçlar, daha önce araştırılan faktörlerin yanı sıra, kadın girişimcilik oranlarının artırılması açısından yasal çerçevenin önemini ortaya koymaktadır. İş fırsatları açısından kadın-erkek arasındaki yasal eşitliğe yaklaşan ülkelerde kadın girişimcilerin oranının daha yüksek olduğu anlaşılmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Girişimcilik
• Cinsiyet
• yasal eşitlik
• Ülkeler arası

Kaynakça

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