MEDIATING ROLE OF ORGANIZATIONAL SUPPORT IN THE EFFECT OF SERVANT LEADERSHIP PERCEPTION ON KNOWLEDGE SHARING

Öz

Knowledge has become an important asset for today’s organizations. In order for organizations to benefit from knowledge, it is of great importance that knowledge be shared among employees. The aim of this study was to determine the mediating role of perceived organizational support in the effect of servant leadership on knowledge sharing. The research was carried out in Istanbul, Türkiye, between 29 April 2022 and 16 September 2022. Collection of the research data was done via the online survey method with individuals who were employed at private hospitals operating in the city of Istanbul. The obtained results revealed that servant leadership positively affected perceived organizational support. Servant leadership and perceived organizational support had a positive effect on knowledge sharing. Finally, perceived organizational support had a mediating role in the effect of servant leadership on knowledge sharing. This study shows that servant leadership and perceived organizational support are determinants of knowledge sharing.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Knowledge
• Knowledge Sharing
• Servant Leadership
• Organizational Support

Kaynakça

1. Akgül, İ. and Yavuz, U. (2021) “The Mediating Role of Perceived Organizational Support on the Relationship between Tacit Knowledge Sharing and Employee Creativity”, Journal of Social Sciences Institute of Ataturk University, 25(1): 193-213.
2. Aksoy Kürü, S. (2022) “Bibliometric Analysis of Graduate Thesis Written on Servant Leadership in Turkey (2008-2021)”, Duzce University Journal of Social Sciences, 12(1): 379-403.
3. Alat, H. and Filizöz, B. (2021) “The Effect of the Perception of Organizational Support on Employee's Fear of Missing out on Developments and Internal Intention to Leave the Job”, Çağ University Journal of Social Sciences, 18(2): 64-78.
4. Alioğulları, Z.D. (2021) “The Importance of Social Capital, Service Innovation and Knowledge Sharing in the Creation of the Ideal Employee: Mediating Role of Work Commitment”, Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli University, Journal of the Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, 23(1): 163-186.
5. Aminah, H., Lin, P.K., Susita, D., Helexandra, L. and Moslehpour, M. (2022) “How Does Servant Leadership Affect Public Employees' Organizational Citizenship Behavior? – The Mediation Effect of Organizational Culture and Knowledge Sharing”, International Journal of eBusiness and eGovernment Studies, 14(1): 361-387, doi:10.34111/ijebeg.202214118.
6. Asemahagn, M.A. (2014) “Knowledge and Experience Sharing Practices among Health Professionals in Hospitals under the Addis Ababa Health Bureau, Ethiopia”, BMC Health Services Research, 14, 431: 1-10, doi:10.1186/1472-6963-14-431.
7. Assem, P.B. and Pabbi, K.A. (2016) “Knowledge Sharing among Healthcare Professionals in Ghana”, VINE Journal of Information and Knowledge Management Systems, 46(4): 479-491, doi: 10.1108/VJIKMS-08-2015-0048.
8. Bakan, İ. and Doğan, İ.F. (2012) “Hizmetkâr Liderlik”, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences Journal, 2(2): 1-12.

9. Bartol, K.M. and Srivastava, A. (2002) “Encouraging Knowledge Sharing: The Role of Organizational Reward Systems”, Journal of Leadership and Organizational Studies, 9(1): 64-76.
10. Baykal, E., Zehir, C. and Köle, M. (2018) “The Mediation Effect of Organizational Identification in the Relationship between Servant Leadership and Firm Performance”, The Academic Elegance, 5(9): 111-133.
11. Beshlideh, K., Sharifi, R., Hashemi, S.E. and Naami, A. (2018) “Testing a Model of Perceived Organizational Support, Citizenship Behavior, Commitment, Job Satisfaction and Leader-Member Exchange as Concequences of Servant Leadership in Cement Factory Employees in Kermanshah”, International Journal of Psychology (IPA), 12(2): 169-196, doi: 10.24200/ijpb.2018.115440
12. Bou Reslan, F.Y., Garanti, Z. and Emeagwali, O.L. (2021) “The Effect of Servant Leadership on Innovative Work Behavior and Employee Knowledge Sharing in the Latvian ICT Sector”, Baltic Journal of Management, 16(5): 729-744, doi: 10.1108/BJM-09-2020-0321
13. Celepli Sütbaş, M. and Atilla, G. (2020) “Servant Leadership and Job Performance, the Mediating Role of Job Satisfaction: Antalya City Sample”, Suleyman Demirel University the Journal of Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, 25(3): 237-255.
14. Coetzer, M.F., Bussin, M. and Geldenhuys, M. (2017) “The Functions of a Servant Leader”, Administrative Sciences, 7(1), 5: 1-32, doi:10.3390/admsci7010005.
15. Cugueró-Escofet, N., Ficapal-Cusí, P. and Torrent-Sellens, J. (2019) “Sustainable Human Resource Management: How to Create a Knowledge Sharing Behavior through Organizational Justice, Organizational Support, Satisfaction and Commitment”, Sustainability, 11(19), 5419:1-20, doi:10.3390/su11195419.
16. Çalışal, S. and Yücel, L. (2019) “Servant Leadership: Example of Refik Saydam”, Sağlık Akademisyenleri Dergisi, 6(3): 167-172.
17. Çankaya, M. (2020) “Effect of Perceived Organizational Support and Psychological Well-Being of Healthcare Employees on the Intention to Leave Job”, Eurasian Journal of Researches in Social and Economics (EJRSE), 7(8): 79-98.
18. DeConinck, J.B., Moss, H.K. and Deconinck, M.B. (2018) “The Relationship between Servant Leadership, Perceived Organizational Support, Performance, and Turnover among Business to Business Salespeople”, Global Journal of Management and Marketing, 2(1): 38-52.
19. Demirel, Y. (2007) “Bilgi ve Bilgi Paylaşımının İşletme Performansına Etkisi Üzerine Bir Araştırma”, Journal of Administrative Sciences, 5(2): 100-116.
20. Demirel, Y. and Seçkin, Z. (2008) “The Impact of Knowledge and Knowledge Sharing on Innovation”, Journal of Çukurova University Institute of Social Sciences, 17(1): 189-202.
21. Doğan, A. and Yeloğlu, H.O. (2021) “Model Recommendation for Examining the Mediation Role of Perceived Organizational Support on the Effect of Self-Efficacy on Job Stress”, Journal of Business Research-Turk, 13(4): 3668-3680, https://doi.org/10.20491/isarder.2021.1348.
22. Düger, Y.S. (2021) “The Relationship between Ethical Leadership and Knowledge Sharing: A Systematic Review”, Alanya Academic Review Journal, 5(2): 619-645, doi: 10.29023/alanyaakademik.806259.
23. Eisenberger, R., Huntington, R., Hutchison, S. and Sowa, D. (1986) “Perceived Organizational Support”, Journal of Applied Psychology, 71(3): 500-507.
24. Ercan İştin, A. and Taner, B. (2021) “The Mediating Role of Empowering Personnel in the Effect of Organizational Support Perception on Service Quality: A Study on Hospitality Businesses”, Journal of Turkish Tourism Research, 5(1): 379-406, doi: 10.26677/TR1010.2021.670.
25. Eren, F. and Yalçıntaş, M. (2017) “The Relationship between Servant Leadership and Job Satisfaction: An Airline Company Example”, International Journal of Economic and Administrative Studies (IJEAS), 16. UIK Special Issue: 851-864, doi: 10.18092/ulikidince.323535.
26. Erkal, P. (2021) “The Perception of Organizational Support Impact on Work Engagement: Moderating Role of Gender”, Journal of Management and Economics Research (JMER), 19(1): 37-56, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.11611/yead.607753.
27. Farrington, S.M. and Lillah, R. (2019) “Servant Leadership and Job Satisfaction within Private Healthcare Practices”, Leadership in Health Services, 32(1): 148-168, doi: 10.1108/LHS-09-2017-0056.
28. Giray, M.D. and Şahin, D.N. (2012) “Perceived Organizational, Supervisor and Coworker Support Scales: A Study for Validity and Reliability”, Turkish Psychological Articles, 15(30): 1-11.
29. Gupta, V., Agarwal, U.A. and Khatri, N. (2016) “The Relationships between Perceived Organizational Support, Affective Commitment, Psychological Contract Breach, Organizational Citizenship Behaviour and Work Engagement”, Journal of Advanced Nursing, 72(11): 2806-2817, doi: 10.1111/jan.13043.
30. Hameed, Z., Khan, I.U., Sheikh, Z., Islam, T., Rasheed, M.I. and Naeem, R.M. (2019) “Organizational Justice and Knowledge Sharing Behavior: The Role of Psychological Ownership and Perceived Organizational Support”, Personnel Review, 48(3): 748-773, doi: 10.1108/PR-07-2017-0217.
31. Huning, T.M., Hurt, K.J. and Frieder, R.E. (2020) “The Effect of Servant Leadership, Perceived Organizational Support, Job Satisfaction and Job Embeddedness on Turnover Intentions: An Empirical Investigation”, Evidence-Based HRM: A Global Forum for Empirical Scholarship, 8(2): 177-194, doi: 10.1108/EBHRM-06-2019-0049.
32. Islam, T., Khan, M.K. and Asad, M. (2019) “Workplace Spirituality in South Asian Context: The Role of Learning Culture, Organizational Support and Knowledge Sharing”, A Research Journal of South Asian Studies, 34(1): 195 – 212.
33. Işık, M. (2018) “The Impact on the Innovative Work Behavior of the Factors Affecting Knowledge Sharing and Knowledge Sharing Process”, International Journal of Economic and Administrative Studies (IJEAS), 17. UIK Special Issue: 641-656, doi: 10.18092/ulikidince.430481.
34. İplik, E., İplik, F.N. and Efeoğlu, İ.E. (2014) “The Role of Organizational Identification on the Influence of Employers’ Perceptions of Organizational Support upon the Organizational Citizenship Behavior”, International Journal of Economic and Administrative Studies (IJEAS), 12: 109-122.
35. Jackson, D. (2008) “Servant Leadership in Nursing: A Framework for Developing Sustainable Research Capacity in Nursing”, Collegian, 15(1): 27-33, doi: 10.1016/j.colegn.2007.10.001.
36. Jeung, C.W., Yoon, H.J. and Choi, M. (2017) “Exploring the Affective Mechanism Linking Perceived Organizational Support and Knowledge Sharing Intention: A Moderated Mediation Model”, Journal of Knowledge Management, 21(4): 946-960, doi: 10.1108/JKM-12-2016-0530.
37. Kadarusman, K. and Bunyamin, B. (2021) “The Role of Knowledge Sharing, Trust as Mediation on Servant Leadership and Job Performance”, Management Science Letters, 11(5): 1509-1520, doi: 10.5267/j.msl.2020.12.022.
38. Karaaslan, A., Özler, D.E. and Kulaklıoğlu, A.S. (2009) “A Research on the Relation Between Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Knowledge Sharing”, Afyon Kocatepe University Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences, 11(2): 135-160.
39. Kerse, G. and Karabey, C.N. (2017) “The Effects of Perceived Organizational Support on Organizational Identification: The Mediating Role of Organizational Cynicism”, MANAS Journal of Social Studies, 6(4): 375-398.
40. Keskin, E. and Aytemiz Seymen, O. (2020) “The Role of Organizational Support Perception in the Effect of Orientation Training Applied in Hotel Businesses on the Intention to Quit Job”, Journal of Tourism and Gastronomy Studies, 8(2): 1033-1057, doi: 10.21325/jotags.2020.594.
41. Kılıç, K.C. and Aydın, Y. (2016) “The Reliability and Validity Study of Servant Leadership for Turkish Version”, Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University Journal of Social and Economic Research, 18(30): 106–113.
42. Kim, T.W., You, Y.Y. and Hong, J.W. (2021) “A study on the relationship among Servant Leadership, Authentic Leadership, Perceived Organizational Support (POS), and Agile Culture using PLS-SEM: Mediating Effect of POS”, Ilkogretim Online, 20(3): 784-795, doi: 10.17051/ilkonline.2021.03.84.
43. King, J.M. (2001) “Employee Participation in Organizationally-Maintained Knowledge Sharing Activities”, Master's Thesis, University of Toronto.
44. Köseoğlu, M.A., Gider, Ö. and Ocak, S. (2011) “What are the Factors Affecting the Knowledge Sharing Attitudes? A Research on a State Hospital”, Eskişehir Osmangazi University Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences, 6(1): 215-243.
45. Kurşun, A. and Sevinç, İ. (2016) “Investigation of Knowledge Sharing Behaviour among the Health Workers”, Selcuk University Journal of Social and Technical Researches, 11: 133-142.
46. Kutanis, R.Ö. and Mercan, N. (2015) “A Research on the Relationship between Knowledge Sharing Behaviour and Organizational Culture”, The Journal of Human and Work, 2(2): 147-155, doi: 10.18394/iid.86567.
47. Le, P.B. and Lei, H. (2019) “Determinants of Innovation Capability: The Roles of Transformational Leadership, Knowledge Sharing and Perceived Organizational Support”, Journal of Knowledge Management, 23(3): 527-547, doi: 10.1108/JKM-09-2018-0568.
48. Lee, C. and Austin, M.J. (2012) “Building Organizational Supports for Knowledge Sharing in County Human Service Organizations: A Cross-Case Analysis of Works-in-Progress”, Journal of Evidence-Based Social Work, 9(1-2): 3-18, doi: 10.1080/15433714.2012.635473.
49. Lee, J.C., Shiue, Y.C. and Chen, C.Y. (2016) “Examining the Impacts of Organizational Culture and Top Management Support of Knowledge Sharing on the Success of Software Process Improvement”, Computers in Human Behavior, 54: 462-474, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.08.030.
50. Liden, R.C., Wayne, S.J., Liao, C. and Meuser, J.D. (2014) “Servant Leadership and Serving Culture: Influence on Individual and Unit Performance”, Academy of Management Journal, 57(5): 1434-1452. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/amj.2013.0034.
51. Lin, H.F. (2006) “Impact of Organizational Support on Organizational Intention to Facilitate Knowledge Sharing”, Knowledge Management Research & Practice, 4(1): 26-35, doi: 10.1057/palgrave.kmrp.8500083.
52. Muneer, S., Iqbal, S.M.J., Khan, S.U.R. and Long, C.S. (2014) “An Incorporated Structure of Perceived Organizational Support, Knowledge-Sharing Behavior, Organizational Trust and Organizational Commitment: A Strategic Knowledge Management Approach”, Pakistan Journal of Commerce and Social Sciences, 8(1): 42-57.
53. Ng, K.Y.N. (2022) “Effects of Servant Leadership, Affective Commitment, and Trust on Knowledge Sharing Tendency in the Financial Industry”, Knowledge Management Research & Practice, doi: 10.1080/14778238.2022.2110004.
54. Nuchso, N., Tuntivivat, S. and Klayklueng, P. (2016) “The Effect of Learning Organization and Servant Leadership on Child-Centered Teaching Behavior with the Mediating Role of Knowledge Sharing in Education of Chanthaburi Diocese Schools”, International Journal of Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences, 2(5): 181-188, doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.20469/ijhss.2.20004-5.
55. Öneren, M., Çiftçi, G.E. and Harman, A. (2016) “Impact of Information Sharing in a Research on Organizational Trust and Innovative Behaviour”, Academic Sight International Refereed Online Journal, 58: 127-157.
56. Özgül, B., Erkmen, T. and Karaarslan, E. (2020) “A Research on Mediating Role of Work-Life Balance in the Relationship between Perceived Organizational Support and Organizational Commitment”, Business & Management Studies: An International Journal (BMIJ), 8(5): 4364-4412, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.15295/bmij.v8i5.1630.
57. Rai, R. and Prakash, A. (2016) “How Do Servant Leaders Ignite Absorptive Capacity? The Role of Epistemic Motivation and Organizational Support”, Revista de Psicología del Trabajo y de las Organizaciones [Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology], 32(2): 123-134, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rpto.2016.02.001.
58. Rehman, W.U., Ilyas, M. and Asghar, N. (2015) “Knowledge Sharing, Knowledge Management Strategy and Performance: A Knowledge Based View”, Pakistan Economic and Social Review, 53(2): 177-202.
59. Rhoades, L. and Eisenberger, R. (2002) “Perceived Organizational Support: A Review of the Literature”, Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(4): 698–714.
60. Saadeh, I.M. and Suifan, T.S. (2020) “Job Stress and Organizational Commitment in Hospitals: The Mediating Role of Perceived Organizational Support”, International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 28(1): 226-242, doi: 10.1108/IJOA-11-2018-1597.
61. Sezgin, O.B., Uçar, Z. and Duygulu, E. (2015) “The Mediating Role of Knowledge Sharing on the Relationship between Trust and Innovatıve Work Behaviour”, Dokuz Eylül University Journal of Faculty of Business, 16(2): 1-20.
62. Shateri, K. and Hayat, A.A. (2020) “Investigating the Mediating Role of Organizational Trust in the Relationship between Perceived Organizational Support and Knowledge Sharing”, Knowledge Management & E-Learning, 12(3): 298–314, https://doi.org/10.34105/j.kmel.2020.12.016.
63. Sheikh, A.A., Ishaq, Q. and Inam, A. (2019) “Fostering Creativity through Servant Leadership: Mediating Role of Knowledge Sharing, Thriving at Work and Burnout”, Abasyn Journal of Social Sciences, 12(2): 198-212, doi: 10.34091/AJSS.12.2.01.
64. Solmaztürk, İ. and Doğan, S. (2021) “Examining Teachers’ Perceived Organisational Support in Scope of Demographic Characteristics”, Iğdır University Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences, 6: 1-11.
65. Sökmen, A. and Benk, O. (2019) “Relationships of Perceived Organizational Support, Job Satisfaction and Altruism: A Research on Academicians”, Journal of Business Research-Turk, 11(3): 2231-2241, https://doi.org/10.20491/isarder.2019.736.
66. Taheri, P. and İrge, N.T. (2021) “The Role of Knowledge Sharing in the Effect of Leadership Styles on Employee's Organizational Citizenship Attitudes: A Case of Academics”, Journal of Business Research-Turk, 13(4): 3652-3667, https://doi.org/10.20491/isarder.2021.1347.
67. Tamer, İ. and Bozaykut Bük, T. (2020) “A Conceptual Review on Perceived Organizational Support and Organizational Commitment”, Eurasian Journal of Researches in Social and Economics (EJRSE), 7(2): 139-147.
68. Top, S. and Dilek, S. (2013) “Evaluation Institutional Knowledge Sharing Perception of Employee in the Health Service Sector by Analysis of the Relationship”, Suleyman Demirel University The Journal of Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, 18(1): 283-304.
69. Tripathi, D., Priyadarshi, P., Kumar, P. and Kumar, S. (2021) “Does Servant Leadership Affect Work Role Performance Via Knowledge Sharing and Psychological Empowerment?”, VINE Journal of Information and Knowledge Management Systems, 51(5): 792-812, doi: 10.1108/VJİKMS-10-2019-0159.
70. Türe Yılmaz, A. and Yıldırım, A. (2018) “Validity and Reliability of the Communication and Sharing of İnformation Scale in Turkish”, The Journal of Academic Social Science, 70: 76-90, http://dx.doi.org/10.16992/ASOS.13679.
71. Uğurluoğlu, Ö., Köse, S.D. and Köse, T. (2015) “The Effect of Healthcare Workers' Perception of Servant Leadership on Leader‐Member Exchange and Organizational Trust”, Turkish Journal of Social Research, 19(2): 239-262.
72. Ürü Sanı, F.O., Çalışkan, S.C., Atan, Ö. and Yozgat, U. (2013) “A Comprehensive Research About Academician’s Servant Leadership Style and Its Consequences”, Ege Academic Review, 13(1): 63-82.
73. Winarno, A., Prasetio, A.P., Dudija, N., Pratami, C.N. and Liu, R. (2021) “The Impact of Perceived Organizational Support on Knowledge Sharing: A Meditation Analysis through an SEM Approach”, Journal of Eastern European and Central Asian Research (JEECAR), 8(4): 570-584. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15549/jeecar.v8i4.723.
74. Yang, H., van Rijn, M.B. and Sanders, K. (2020) “Perceived Organizational Support and Knowledge Sharing: Employees’ Self-Construal Matters”, The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 31(17): 2217–2237, doi:10.1080/09585192.2018.1443956.
75. Yasir, M. and Jan, A. (2023) “Servant Leadership in Relation to Organizational Justice and Workplace Deviance in Public Hospitals”, Leadership in Health Services, 36(2): 164-185, doi: 10.1108/LHS-05-2022-0050.
76. Yılmaz, R. (2021) “Examining the Effect of Servant Leadership Behavior on Empowerment Climate with Structural Equation Model”, Atlas International Refereed Journal on Social Sciences, 7(40): 1813- 1826, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.31568/atlas.682.
77. Zhou, Y. and Miao, Q. (2014) “Servant Leadership and Affective Commitment in the Chinese Public Sector: The Mediating Role of Perceived Organizational Support” Psychological Reports, 115(2): 381-395, doi: 10.2466/01.21.PR0.115c23z4.