GEÇİŞ EKONOMİLERİNDE TURİZM GELİRLERİNİN EKONOMİK BÜYÜMEYE ETKİSİ

Öz

Turizm endüstrisinde, turistlerin talepleri doğrultusunda; konaklama, yiyecek, eğlence ve ulaşım gibi sektörlerde artan üretimler hem istihdamın artmasına sebep olmakta hem de döviz geliri elde edildiği için ödemeler dengesinde önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Turizm endüstrisi yoğun şekilde yabancı yatırımlara ev sahipliği yaptığı için büyümeye çalışan ekonomilerde kilit bir unsurdur. Çalışmada merkezi planlamadan serbest piyasa ekonomisine geçen ve 1 May 2004’te Avrupa Birliğine üye olan Çek Cumhuriyeti, Estonya, Macaristan, Letonya, Litvanya, Polonya, Slovakya, ve Slovenya ekonomilerinde, 1995-2018 döneminde turizm gelirlerinin ekonomik büyüme üzerindeki etkisi panel veri yöntemi ile incelenmektedir. Ampirik analizler sonucunda turizm geliri ile ekonomik büyüme arasında pozitif ve orta derecede korelasyon bulunduğu tespit edilmiş, bununla birlikte Çek Cumhuriyeti, Macaristan, Letonya ve Polonya ekonomilerinde turizm gelirlerinden ekonomik büyümeye doğru nedensellik olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Geçiş ekonomisi
• Turizm geliri
• Ekonomik büyüme

THE EFFECT OF TOURISM REVENUES ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN TRANSITION ECONOMIES

Öz

Tourism industry, helps to increase production in sectors such as accommodation, food, entertainment and transportation. Those sectors causes an increase in employment and also has an important role for foreign currency income. The tourism industry also hosts foreign investments heavily, which is a key factor for economies that trying to grow. In this study, the effects of tourism revenues on economic growth during the period 1995-2018 in the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Slovakia, and Slovenia economies that switched from central planning to free market economy and became members of the European Union on May 1, 2004 is being studied. As a result of empirical analysis, it has been determined that there is a positive and moderate correlation between tourism income and economic growth, however, it has been determined that there is a causality from tourism revenues to economic growth in the economies of the Czech Republic, Hungary, Latvia and Poland.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Transition Economies
• Tourism Revenues
• Economic Growth

Kaynakça

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