GEÇİŞ EKONOMİLERİNDE TURİZM GELİRLERİNİN EKONOMİK BÜYÜMEYE ETKİSİ

Yıl 2021, , 353 - 364, 30.06.2021

Emirhan Yenişehirlioğlu , Tayfur Bayat

https://doi.org/10.11611/yead.922733

Öz

Turizm endüstrisinde, turistlerin talepleri doğrultusunda; konaklama, yiyecek, eğlence ve ulaşım gibi sektörlerde artan üretimler hem istihdamın artmasına sebep olmakta hem de döviz geliri elde edildiği için ödemeler dengesinde önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Turizm endüstrisi yoğun şekilde yabancı yatırımlara ev sahipliği yaptığı için büyümeye çalışan ekonomilerde kilit bir unsurdur. Çalışmada merkezi planlamadan serbest piyasa ekonomisine geçen ve 1 May 2004’te Avrupa Birliğine üye olan Çek Cumhuriyeti, Estonya, Macaristan, Letonya, Litvanya, Polonya, Slovakya, ve Slovenya ekonomilerinde, 1995-2018 döneminde turizm gelirlerinin ekonomik büyüme üzerindeki etkisi panel veri yöntemi ile incelenmektedir. Ampirik analizler sonucunda turizm geliri ile ekonomik büyüme arasında pozitif ve orta derecede korelasyon bulunduğu tespit edilmiş, bununla birlikte Çek Cumhuriyeti, Macaristan, Letonya ve Polonya ekonomilerinde turizm gelirlerinden ekonomik büyümeye doğru nedensellik olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Geçiş ekonomisi, Turizm geliri, Ekonomik büyüme

THE EFFECT OF TOURISM REVENUES ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN TRANSITION ECONOMIES

Öz

Tourism industry, helps to increase production in sectors such as accommodation, food, entertainment and transportation. Those sectors causes an increase in employment and also has an important role for foreign currency income. The tourism industry also hosts foreign investments heavily, which is a key factor for economies that trying to grow. In this study, the effects of tourism revenues on economic growth during the period 1995-2018 in the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Slovakia, and Slovenia economies that switched from central planning to free market economy and became members of the European Union on May 1, 2004 is being studied. As a result of empirical analysis, it has been determined that there is a positive and moderate correlation between tourism income and economic growth, however, it has been determined that there is a causality from tourism revenues to economic growth in the economies of the Czech Republic, Hungary, Latvia and Poland.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Transition Economies, Tourism Revenues, Economic Growth

Kaynakça

• Apergis, N. & Payne, J. E. (2012). Tourism and Growth in the Caribbean, Evidence from a Panel Error Correction Model. Tourism Economics, 18(4), 449–456.
• Ashley, C., & Mitchell, J. (2006). Can tourism help reduce poverty in Africa. Overseas Development Institute (ODI), Briefing Paper, ODI: London.
• Balaguer, L. & Cantavella, M. (2002). Tourism as a long-run Economic Growth factor: the Spanish case. Applied Economics, 34, 877-884.
• Brida, J. G., Monterubbianesi, P. D. & Zapata-Aguirre, S. (2011). Impacts of Tourism on Economic Growth and Development. The case of the main tourist destinations in Colombia. Journal of Tourism and Cultural Heritage, 9(2), 291–303.
• Caglayan, E., Sak, N. & Karymshakov, K. (2012). Relationship between Tourism and Economic Growth: A panel Granger causality approach. Asian Economic and Financial Review, 2(5), 591–602.
• Dritsakis, N. (2012). Tourism development and economic growth in seven Mediterranean countries: A panel data approach. Tourism Economics, 18(4), 801-816.
• Chou, M. C. (2013). Does Tourism Development promote Economic Growth in Transition Countries? A panel data analysis. Economic Modelling, 33, 226-232.
• Cortés-Jiménez, I., Pulina, M., Prunera, C. R. & Artis, M. (2009). Tourism and Exports as a means of Growth. Working Papers 2009/10. Research Institute of Applied Economics.
• Countries: A Dynamic Panel Data Approach. Procedia Economics and Finance, 23, 1613-1623.
• Durbarry. (2004). Tourism and Economic growth: the case of Mauritius. Tourism Economics, 10, 389–401.
• Emirmahmutoğlu, F. And Kose, N. (2011), “Testing for Granger Causality in Heterogeneous Mixed Panels”, Economic Modelling , 28, 870–876.
• Eugenio-Martin, J.L., Morales, N.M., and Scarpa, R. (2004), ‘Tourism and economic growth in Latin American countries: a panel data approach’, Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei Working Paper Series, Nota di Lavoro 26.2004
• Fayissa, B., Nsiah, C., & Tadesse, B. (2011). Research note: Tourism and economic growth in Latin American countries–further empirical evidence. Tourism Economics, 17(6), 1365-1373.
• Holzner, M., 2011. Tourism and economic development: the beach disease? Tourism Management 32, 923–933.
• Kasimati, E. (2011). Economic Impact of Tourism on Greece's Economy: Cointegration and Causality Analysis. International Research Journal of Finance and Economics, 79, 79-85.
• Katircioglu, S. (2009). Revisiting the Tourism-led-growth Hypothesis for Turkey Using the Bounds Test and Johansen Approach for Cointegration. Tourism Management, 30, 17-20.
• Kreishan, F. M. (2015). Empirical study on tourism and economic growth of Bahrain: An ARDL bounds testing approach. International Journal of Economics and Finance, 7(11), 1-9.
• Lee, C. C. & Chang, C. P. (2008). Tourism Development and Economic Growth: A closer look at panels. Tourism Management,29, 180-192.
• Narayan, P. K., Narayan, S., Prasad, A., & Prasad, B. C. (2010). Tourism and economic growth: a panel data analysis for Pacific Island countries. Tourism economics, 16(1), 169-183.
• Odhiambo, N. M. (2011). Tourism Development and Economic Growth in Tanzania: Empirical evidence from the ARDLbounds testing approach. Economic Computation & Economic Cybernetics Studies and Research, 45(3), 71–83.
• Oh, C. (2005). The contribution of Tourism Development to Economic Growth in the Korean economy. Tourism Management, 26(1), 39-44. Pesaran, Hasem, M., (2004), “General Diagnostic Tests for Cross Section Dependence in Panels”, Working Paper No: 0435, University of Cambridge.
• Pesaran, M. H. (2007). A simple panel unit root test in the presence of cross‐section dependence. Journal of Applied Econometrics, 22(2), 265-312.
• Pesaran, M. H., Yamagata, T. (2008). Testing slope homogeneity in large panels. Journal of Econometrics, 142(1), 50-93.
• Pesaran, M.H., Ullah, A., Yamagata, T., (2008). A bias-adjusted LM test of error cross section independence. Econometrics Journal 11, 105–127.
• Po, W.-C., and Huang, B.-N. (2008), ‘Tourism development and economic growth – a non-linear approach’, Physica A, Vol 387, pp 5535–5542.
• Sağlam, N., & Ocak, M. (2014). Geçiş Ekonomilerinde Özelleştirme. In 14. International Conference On Eurasian Economies.
• Satrovic, E., & Muslija, A. (2018). Causality relationship between foreign direct investment and tourism. Uluslararası İktisadi ve İdari İncelemeler Dergisi, (22), 65-76.
• Seetanah, B. (2011). Assessing the Dynamic Economic Impact of Tourism for Island Economies. Annals of Tourism Research, 38(1), 291-308.
• Seghir, G. M., Mostéfa, B., Abbes, S. M., & Zakarya, G. Y. (2015). Tourism spending-economic growth causality in 49 countries: A dynamic panel data approach. Procedia Economics and Finance, 23, 1613-1623.
• Sinclair, M. T. & Stabler, M. (1997). The economics of tourism. London: Routledge
• Tandırcıoğlu, H. (2002). Geçiş Ekonomilerinde Özelleştirme, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, Cilt 4, Sayı: 3, 198-226.
• Tiwari, A. (2011). Tourism, Exports and FDI as a Means of Growth: Evidence from four Asian Countries. Romanian Economic Journal, 14(40), 131-151.