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OLDER WORKERS AND UNEMPLOYMENT: THE CASE OF TURKIYE

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 1, 213 - 232
https://doi.org/10.11611/yead.1527617

Öz

Türkiye is a rapidly ageing country as part of the global population trend. The structure of the labour force is changing in terms of age. This study examines the relationship between the labour force participation rate, interest rate and unemployment rate of older workers in Türkiye in the 2006Q1 -2024Q1 period. According to the findings, there is a long-term relationship between the variables. The effects of interest rates and labour force participation rates on the unemployment rate are not statistically significant. In the short run, the unemployment rate three periods ago significantly affects current unemployment levels. Based on these results and considering the findings of previous studies, flexible working models, employer incentives and lifelong learning programmes for older workers have an important place in combating the unemployment rate of older workers in Türkiye.

Kaynakça

  • Ahmad, Fawad. (2013) “The Effect of Oil Prices on Unemployment: Evidence from Pakistan. Business and Economics Research Journal. 4. 43-47.
  • Agboola, E., Johnson, O., Yusuph, G., Adelakun, and O.Johnson. (2019) “Economic Growth, Unemployment And Interest Rate In Nigeria: Application Of Fourier Toda-Yamamoto”, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR). 8. 36-40.
  • Ağazade, Seymour. (2014) “Türkiye'de İşsizlik ve İşgücüne Katılım İlişkisinin Doğrusal ve Doğrusal Olmayan Koentegrasyon Yöntemleri ile Analizi”, Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi, 9(3), 145- 161.
  • Akcan, A.T., and Ener, M. (2018) “Makroekonomik Değişkenlerin İşsizlik ile İlişkisi: Türkiye Örneği”, Journal of Administrative Sciences, 16(31), 263-285.
  • Alam MS, Ansari Y, Sha N., and Khan K. (2024) “The Influence of Unemployment and Labor Force Participation Rates on Economic Development in GCC Countries: A Cointegration Approach”, Journal of Infrastructure, Policy and Development. 8(2): 2962. https://doi.org/10.24294/jipd.v8i2.29 62
  • Apergis,N., and Arısoy,İ. (2017) “Unemployment and Labour Force Participation Across The US States: New Evidence from Panel Data”, Journal of Economics and Business, Vol.67 Issue 4, pp. 45-84.
  • Bahadorkhah,F., and Aminifard, A. (2014) “Online International Journal”, 4, 996-1004.
  • Capistrano, M. J. C. (2023) “Exploring the Drivers of Unemployment and Forecasting the Unemployment Rate: A Time Series and Regression Analysis”, International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews, 4(8), 1461-1473. https://doi.org/10.55248/gengpi.4.823.50845
  • Çalış, G. (2022) “Türkiye’de İşsizliğin Makroekonomik Belirleyicileri, Master's thesis, Pamukkale University, Institute of Social Sciences, Denizli.
  • Devlet Planlama Teşkilatı (1963) “Birinci Beş Yıllık Kalkınma Planı”, http://www.sbb.gov.tr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Birinci-Be%C5%9F-Y%C4%B1ll%C4%B1k-Kalk%C4%B1nma-Plan%C4%B1-1963-1967%E2%80%8B.pdf (Accessed on 19 August 2019).
  • Doğan, T.T. (2012) “Macroeconomic Variables and Unemployment: The Case of Türkiye”, International Journal of Economics and Financial, Issues Vol. 2, No. 1, pp.71-78.
  • Doğrul, H.G., Soytaş, U. (2010), Relationship between oil prices, interest rate and unemployment: Evidence from an emerging market, Energy Economics 32, 1523–1528.
  • Dündar, S. (2024) “Türkiye’de Yaşlı İş Gücüne Katılım Oranı, İşsizlik Oranı ve İstihdam Oranı İlişkisinin Analizi”, Senex: Yaşlılık Çalışmaları Dergisi, 7(2), 34-45.
  • Emerson, J. (2011) “Unemployment and Labour Force Participation in the United States”, Economic Letters 111, 203-206.
  • Kadiroğlu, A. (2023) “Enflasyon ve Kamu Borçlarının İşsizlik Üzerine Etkisi: Türkiye Üzerine Bir Uygulama”, Abant Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 23(2), 1200-1210. https://doi.org/10.11616/asbi.1270565
  • Kim Karlsson H, Li Y, and Shukur G. (2018) “The Causal Nexus between Oil Prices, Interest Rates and Unemployment in Norway Using Wavelet Methods”, Sustainability. 10(8):2792.
  • Kuzgun, İ. K. (2002) “Nüfusun Yaşlanmasının İşgücü Arzına Etkisi”, Turkish Journal of Geriatrics, 5(1)
  • Maijama'a, Rabiu and Musa, Kabiru Saidu. (2021) “Crude Oil Price, Interest Rate and Unemployment Nexus in Nigeria: An Application of Toda and Yamamoto Long-Run Causality Procedure”, 8. 1-16. 10.33844/mbr.2021.60326.
  • Merdan, K. (2023) “Ekonomik Büyüme, İşsizlik ve İstihdam İlişkisi: Türkiye Örneği”, Yönetim ve Ekonomi Dergisi, 147-166. https://doi.org/10.18657/yonveek.1361775
  • Murat, S. (2007) “Dünden Bugüne İstanbul’un İşgücü ve İstihdam Yapısı”, İstanbul: İstanbul Ticaret Odası. Yayın No: 2007-73.
  • Natsiopoulos, K. and Tzeremes, N. (2022) “ARDL: An R Package for the Analysis of Level Relationships”, Journal of Open Source Software, 7(79), 3496. https://doi.org/10.21105/joss.03496
  • Oktay, E. Y. (2014) “Türkiye’de Cumhuriyet’in İlanından Günümüze Uygulanan Nüfus Politikaları”, Yalova Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 4(7).
  • Panigrahi,S.K., Azizan, N.A., Sorooshian, S., and Thoudam, P. “Effects of Inflation, Interest and Unemployment Rates on Economic Growth: Evidence from ASEAN Countries”, ABAC Journal, 40(2), 140-155.
  • Pesaran, M. H. and Y. Shin (1999) “An Autoregressive Distributed Lag Modeling Approach to Cointegration Analysis,” in Storm, S. (Ed), “Econometrics and Economic Theory in the 20th Century”, The Ragnar Frisch Centennial Symposium, Cambridge University Press.
  • Putriani, Diyah (2013) “The Effects of Real Interest Rates on Social Dimension: A Case Study of Unemployment in the United State”, Paper Proceeding of the 5th Islamic Economics System Conference (iECONS 2013).
  • Saleem, F. and Ahmed, T. (2023) “Role of Icts in Environmental Degradation: A Cross-Country Analysis”, https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-2298281/v1
  • Salmasi, P. J. And Heidari, H. (2012) “Inflation and Money in Iran: An Application of Bounds Test”, International Journal of Advances in Management and Economics, 01(04), 07-13. https://doi.org/10.31270/ijame/01/04/2012/02
  • Sivri, U. (2019) “İşsizlik Oranı ve İşgücüne Katılım Oranı Arasındaki Uzun Dönemli ilişki: Türkiye Örneği”, AVRASYA Uluslararası Araştırmalar Dergisi, 7(19), 452 – 467.
  • Sköld, A. (2020) “The Relationship Between Unemployment and Oil Price, Oil Price Uncertainty and Interest Rates in Small Open Economies”, Master Thesis in Economics, Jönköping University.
  • Sumera, A. and Amjad, A. (2016) “Trade-off Between Inflation”, Interest and Unemployment Rate of Pakistan: Revisited, MPRA Paper.
  • Tansel, A., Ozdemir, Z.A., and Aksoy, E. (2016) “Unemployment and Labour Force Participation in Türkiye”, Applied Economics Letters, 23(3), 184-187.
  • United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (2019) “Population Division”, World Population Prospects 2019, Volume II: Demographic Profiles (ST/ESA/SER.A/427).
  • Ünal, Ç. (2015) “Türkiye Nüfusunun Yaşlanma Endeksi ve Potansiyel Destek Oranlarının Dağılımı”, Hasan Ali Yücel Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 12(1).
  • Zaim, S. (1997) “Çalışma Ekonomisi”, İstanbul: Filiz Kitabevi.
  • OECD (2020) “Working age population (indicator)”. Doi: 10.1787/d339918b-en (Accessed on 24 April 2020).
  • Özer, M., Žugić, J. and Tomaš-Miskin,S. (2018) “The Relationship Between Current Account Deficits and Growth in Montenegro: ARDL Bounds Testing Approach”, Journal of Central Banking Theory and Practice, Vol. 7 (3), DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jcbtp-2018-0020
  • Yilanci, V., and Ozgur, O. (2024) “Unemployment and Labour Force Participation in South Korea: Johansen-Type Cointegration Analysis with a Fourier Approach”, Politická Ekonomie, 72(1), 122-141.
  • Yildirim, S. (2024) “A Different Outcome for Unemployment and Labour Force Participation: The Discouraged Female Worker by Male Unemployment”, Applied Economics Letters, 1-5.
  • Yüksel, S. and Adalı, Z. (2017) “Determining Influencing Factors of Unemployment in Türkiye with Mars Method”, International Journal of Commerce and Finance, Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2017, 25-36.
  • World Bank (2019) “World Development Indicators”, https://databank.worldbank.org/source/population-estimates-and-projections, (Accessed on August 8, 2019).
  • Zaheer Khan, M., Said, R., and Amjad, S. (2024) “Relationship Between Labor Force Participation and Unemployment in Pakistan”, Economics Bulletin, 44(1), 264-272.
Yıl 2025, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 1, 213 - 232
https://doi.org/10.11611/yead.1527617

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Ahmad, Fawad. (2013) “The Effect of Oil Prices on Unemployment: Evidence from Pakistan. Business and Economics Research Journal. 4. 43-47.
  • Agboola, E., Johnson, O., Yusuph, G., Adelakun, and O.Johnson. (2019) “Economic Growth, Unemployment And Interest Rate In Nigeria: Application Of Fourier Toda-Yamamoto”, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR). 8. 36-40.
  • Ağazade, Seymour. (2014) “Türkiye'de İşsizlik ve İşgücüne Katılım İlişkisinin Doğrusal ve Doğrusal Olmayan Koentegrasyon Yöntemleri ile Analizi”, Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi, 9(3), 145- 161.
  • Akcan, A.T., and Ener, M. (2018) “Makroekonomik Değişkenlerin İşsizlik ile İlişkisi: Türkiye Örneği”, Journal of Administrative Sciences, 16(31), 263-285.
  • Alam MS, Ansari Y, Sha N., and Khan K. (2024) “The Influence of Unemployment and Labor Force Participation Rates on Economic Development in GCC Countries: A Cointegration Approach”, Journal of Infrastructure, Policy and Development. 8(2): 2962. https://doi.org/10.24294/jipd.v8i2.29 62
  • Apergis,N., and Arısoy,İ. (2017) “Unemployment and Labour Force Participation Across The US States: New Evidence from Panel Data”, Journal of Economics and Business, Vol.67 Issue 4, pp. 45-84.
  • Bahadorkhah,F., and Aminifard, A. (2014) “Online International Journal”, 4, 996-1004.
  • Capistrano, M. J. C. (2023) “Exploring the Drivers of Unemployment and Forecasting the Unemployment Rate: A Time Series and Regression Analysis”, International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews, 4(8), 1461-1473. https://doi.org/10.55248/gengpi.4.823.50845
  • Çalış, G. (2022) “Türkiye’de İşsizliğin Makroekonomik Belirleyicileri, Master's thesis, Pamukkale University, Institute of Social Sciences, Denizli.
  • Devlet Planlama Teşkilatı (1963) “Birinci Beş Yıllık Kalkınma Planı”, http://www.sbb.gov.tr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Birinci-Be%C5%9F-Y%C4%B1ll%C4%B1k-Kalk%C4%B1nma-Plan%C4%B1-1963-1967%E2%80%8B.pdf (Accessed on 19 August 2019).
  • Doğan, T.T. (2012) “Macroeconomic Variables and Unemployment: The Case of Türkiye”, International Journal of Economics and Financial, Issues Vol. 2, No. 1, pp.71-78.
  • Doğrul, H.G., Soytaş, U. (2010), Relationship between oil prices, interest rate and unemployment: Evidence from an emerging market, Energy Economics 32, 1523–1528.
  • Dündar, S. (2024) “Türkiye’de Yaşlı İş Gücüne Katılım Oranı, İşsizlik Oranı ve İstihdam Oranı İlişkisinin Analizi”, Senex: Yaşlılık Çalışmaları Dergisi, 7(2), 34-45.
  • Emerson, J. (2011) “Unemployment and Labour Force Participation in the United States”, Economic Letters 111, 203-206.
  • Kadiroğlu, A. (2023) “Enflasyon ve Kamu Borçlarının İşsizlik Üzerine Etkisi: Türkiye Üzerine Bir Uygulama”, Abant Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 23(2), 1200-1210. https://doi.org/10.11616/asbi.1270565
  • Kim Karlsson H, Li Y, and Shukur G. (2018) “The Causal Nexus between Oil Prices, Interest Rates and Unemployment in Norway Using Wavelet Methods”, Sustainability. 10(8):2792.
  • Kuzgun, İ. K. (2002) “Nüfusun Yaşlanmasının İşgücü Arzına Etkisi”, Turkish Journal of Geriatrics, 5(1)
  • Maijama'a, Rabiu and Musa, Kabiru Saidu. (2021) “Crude Oil Price, Interest Rate and Unemployment Nexus in Nigeria: An Application of Toda and Yamamoto Long-Run Causality Procedure”, 8. 1-16. 10.33844/mbr.2021.60326.
  • Merdan, K. (2023) “Ekonomik Büyüme, İşsizlik ve İstihdam İlişkisi: Türkiye Örneği”, Yönetim ve Ekonomi Dergisi, 147-166. https://doi.org/10.18657/yonveek.1361775
  • Murat, S. (2007) “Dünden Bugüne İstanbul’un İşgücü ve İstihdam Yapısı”, İstanbul: İstanbul Ticaret Odası. Yayın No: 2007-73.
  • Natsiopoulos, K. and Tzeremes, N. (2022) “ARDL: An R Package for the Analysis of Level Relationships”, Journal of Open Source Software, 7(79), 3496. https://doi.org/10.21105/joss.03496
  • Oktay, E. Y. (2014) “Türkiye’de Cumhuriyet’in İlanından Günümüze Uygulanan Nüfus Politikaları”, Yalova Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 4(7).
  • Panigrahi,S.K., Azizan, N.A., Sorooshian, S., and Thoudam, P. “Effects of Inflation, Interest and Unemployment Rates on Economic Growth: Evidence from ASEAN Countries”, ABAC Journal, 40(2), 140-155.
  • Pesaran, M. H. and Y. Shin (1999) “An Autoregressive Distributed Lag Modeling Approach to Cointegration Analysis,” in Storm, S. (Ed), “Econometrics and Economic Theory in the 20th Century”, The Ragnar Frisch Centennial Symposium, Cambridge University Press.
  • Putriani, Diyah (2013) “The Effects of Real Interest Rates on Social Dimension: A Case Study of Unemployment in the United State”, Paper Proceeding of the 5th Islamic Economics System Conference (iECONS 2013).
  • Saleem, F. and Ahmed, T. (2023) “Role of Icts in Environmental Degradation: A Cross-Country Analysis”, https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-2298281/v1
  • Salmasi, P. J. And Heidari, H. (2012) “Inflation and Money in Iran: An Application of Bounds Test”, International Journal of Advances in Management and Economics, 01(04), 07-13. https://doi.org/10.31270/ijame/01/04/2012/02
  • Sivri, U. (2019) “İşsizlik Oranı ve İşgücüne Katılım Oranı Arasındaki Uzun Dönemli ilişki: Türkiye Örneği”, AVRASYA Uluslararası Araştırmalar Dergisi, 7(19), 452 – 467.
  • Sköld, A. (2020) “The Relationship Between Unemployment and Oil Price, Oil Price Uncertainty and Interest Rates in Small Open Economies”, Master Thesis in Economics, Jönköping University.
  • Sumera, A. and Amjad, A. (2016) “Trade-off Between Inflation”, Interest and Unemployment Rate of Pakistan: Revisited, MPRA Paper.
  • Tansel, A., Ozdemir, Z.A., and Aksoy, E. (2016) “Unemployment and Labour Force Participation in Türkiye”, Applied Economics Letters, 23(3), 184-187.
  • United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (2019) “Population Division”, World Population Prospects 2019, Volume II: Demographic Profiles (ST/ESA/SER.A/427).
  • Ünal, Ç. (2015) “Türkiye Nüfusunun Yaşlanma Endeksi ve Potansiyel Destek Oranlarının Dağılımı”, Hasan Ali Yücel Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 12(1).
  • Zaim, S. (1997) “Çalışma Ekonomisi”, İstanbul: Filiz Kitabevi.
  • OECD (2020) “Working age population (indicator)”. Doi: 10.1787/d339918b-en (Accessed on 24 April 2020).
  • Özer, M., Žugić, J. and Tomaš-Miskin,S. (2018) “The Relationship Between Current Account Deficits and Growth in Montenegro: ARDL Bounds Testing Approach”, Journal of Central Banking Theory and Practice, Vol. 7 (3), DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jcbtp-2018-0020
  • Yilanci, V., and Ozgur, O. (2024) “Unemployment and Labour Force Participation in South Korea: Johansen-Type Cointegration Analysis with a Fourier Approach”, Politická Ekonomie, 72(1), 122-141.
  • Yildirim, S. (2024) “A Different Outcome for Unemployment and Labour Force Participation: The Discouraged Female Worker by Male Unemployment”, Applied Economics Letters, 1-5.
  • Yüksel, S. and Adalı, Z. (2017) “Determining Influencing Factors of Unemployment in Türkiye with Mars Method”, International Journal of Commerce and Finance, Vol. 3, Issue 2, 2017, 25-36.
  • World Bank (2019) “World Development Indicators”, https://databank.worldbank.org/source/population-estimates-and-projections, (Accessed on August 8, 2019).
  • Zaheer Khan, M., Said, R., and Amjad, S. (2024) “Relationship Between Labor Force Participation and Unemployment in Pakistan”, Economics Bulletin, 44(1), 264-272.
Toplam 41 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Politika ve Yönetim (Diğer)
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Enes Atay 0000-0002-4173-0080

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 24 Mart 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi
Gönderilme Tarihi 3 Ağustos 2024
Kabul Tarihi 5 Mart 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 23 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Atay, E. (2025). OLDER WORKERS AND UNEMPLOYMENT: THE CASE OF TURKIYE. Yönetim Ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 23(1), 213-232. https://doi.org/10.11611/yead.1527617
AMA Atay E. OLDER WORKERS AND UNEMPLOYMENT: THE CASE OF TURKIYE. Yönetim ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi. Mart 2025;23(1):213-232. doi:10.11611/yead.1527617
Chicago Atay, Enes. “OLDER WORKERS AND UNEMPLOYMENT: THE CASE OF TURKIYE”. Yönetim Ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi 23, sy. 1 (Mart 2025): 213-32. https://doi.org/10.11611/yead.1527617.
EndNote Atay E (01 Mart 2025) OLDER WORKERS AND UNEMPLOYMENT: THE CASE OF TURKIYE. Yönetim ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi 23 1 213–232.
IEEE E. Atay, “OLDER WORKERS AND UNEMPLOYMENT: THE CASE OF TURKIYE”, Yönetim ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi, c. 23, sy. 1, ss. 213–232, 2025, doi: 10.11611/yead.1527617.
ISNAD Atay, Enes. “OLDER WORKERS AND UNEMPLOYMENT: THE CASE OF TURKIYE”. Yönetim ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi 23/1 (Mart 2025), 213-232. https://doi.org/10.11611/yead.1527617.
JAMA Atay E. OLDER WORKERS AND UNEMPLOYMENT: THE CASE OF TURKIYE. Yönetim ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi. 2025;23:213–232.
MLA Atay, Enes. “OLDER WORKERS AND UNEMPLOYMENT: THE CASE OF TURKIYE”. Yönetim Ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi, c. 23, sy. 1, 2025, ss. 213-32, doi:10.11611/yead.1527617.
Vancouver Atay E. OLDER WORKERS AND UNEMPLOYMENT: THE CASE OF TURKIYE. Yönetim ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi. 2025;23(1):213-32.