Geological Evolution of the Ulukışla Basin (Late CretaceousEocene) Central Anatolia, Turkey

Yıl 2011, Cilt: 32 Sayı: 2, 141 - 168, 01.03.2011

Kemal Zorlu Selim İnan Murat Gül Nurdan İnan Mehmet Ali Kurt Musa Alpaslan

Öz

The Ulukışla Basin (Central Anatolian, Turkey) developed between the Menderes-Taurides Platform and the NiğdeKırşehir Metamorphic Massif. Evidence from the basin fill indicates that it evolved with asymmetric tectonics. An extensional phase (the Late Cretaceous-Late Paleocene) developed after subduction of the northern branch of Neotethyan Ocean. The narrow southern margin of Ulukışla Basin evolved over and in front of the Alihoca Ophiolites (remnant of the Neotethyan ocean floor) and it has been characterized with deposition of the agglomerates, limestone olistoliths, sandstones and mudstones in submarine slope to deep marine environment. At the same time, in the initially the relatively deep then shallow marine environment, broad northern part of the basin includes relatively fine-grained sandstones and mudstones overlying by reef limestone, which is interfingered with volcanic rocks. Depend on compressional phase (the Late Paleocene and Early Eocene), the basin evolved with the effect of regional tectonics; patch reefs formed over the volcanic highlands. In addition, volcanics interfingered with clastics that contain limestone and volcanic rock fragments. Basin evolution and inversion in this tectonic regime has been strongly influenced by deviations originated from overall northward motion of the African-Arabian plates. Other controls on the sedimentation and basin evolution are local tectonics, sea level changes and irregularity of basement topography.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Basin inversion, compression, extension, intra-continental basin

Ulukışla Havzasının (Geç Kretase-Eosen) Jeolojik Evrimi, Orta Anadolu, Türkiye

Öz

Ulukışla Havzası (Orta Anadolu, Türkiye) Menderes-Toros Bloğu ve Niğde-Kırşehir Metamorfik Masifi arasında gelişmiştir. Havzaya ait dolguların sunduğu kanıtlar, havzanın asimetrik bir şekilde evrimleştiğini göstermektedir. Genişlemeli faz (Geç Kretase – Geç Paleosen) Neotetis Okyanusu kuzey kolu tabanının yitime uğraması sonrasında gelişmiştir. Ulukışla Havzası’nın dar güney kenarı, Alihoca Ofiyoliti (Neotetis Okyanus tabanı kalıntısı) üzerinde ve önünde gelişmiş olup, deniz altı yamacından derin denize uzanan ortamlarda, aglomera, kireçtaşı olistolitleri, kumtaşları ve kiltaşlarının çökelimi ile karakterize edilir. Aynı anda, başlangıçta göreceli derin denizel sonrasında sığ denizel ortamda, havzanın daha geniş olan kuzey kısımları, volkanik kayaçlarla ara katkılı resifal kireçtaşlarınca üzerlenen ince-taneli kumtaşları ve kiltaşları içermektedir. Bölgesel tektonik şartların değişmesi ile gelişen sıkışma fazına (Geç Paleosen – Erken Eosen) bağlı olarak, volkanik yükseltiler ve/veya topografik yükseltiler üzerinde yama resifleri gelişmiştir. Ek olarak, volkanikler, kireçtaşı ve volkanik kayaç parçaları içeren kırntılılarla ardalanmaktadır. Havza evrimi ve tektonik rejimdeki terslenme, Arap – Afrika plakalarının kuzeye doğru hareketlerinde oluşan sapmalardan güçlüce etkilenmiştir. Çökelme ve havza evriminde etkili olan diğer faktörler ise yersel tektonik etkiler, deniz seviyesi değişimleri ve temel topografyasının düzensizliğidir

Anahtar Kelimeler

Havza tektonik rejiminin terslenmesi, sıkışma, genişleme, kıta içi havza, Ulukışla havzası

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