Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster
Yıl 2013, Cilt: 34 Sayı: 1, 141 - 168, 01.02.2013

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Back, W., Hanshaw, B.B., Plummer, L.N., Tahn, P.H., Rightmire, C.T., and Rubin, M.,
  • 19 Process and rate of dedolomiti
  • zation: Mass transfer and 14C dating in a
  • regional carbonate aquifer. Geol. Surv.
  • Amer. Bull., 94, 1415-1429.
  • Butler, G. P., Kendall, C. G. St. C., Kinsman, D. J. J., Shearman, D. J., and Skipwith, A. d’E., 1964. Recent anhydrite from the
  • Trucial Coast of the Arabian Gulf. Geolo
  • gical Society of London, Circular, 120, 3.
  • Butler, G. P.,1969. Modern evaporite deposition and geochemistry of coexisting brines, the sabkha, Trucial Coast, Arabian Gulf. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 39, 70–89.
  • Caldwell, R. H., 1976. Holocene gypsum depo- sits of the Bullara Sunkland, Carnarvon Basin, Western Australia (PhD Thesis). Univ. Western, Australia (unpublished).
  • Coşkun, B., 2004. Arabian-Anatolian plate mo- vements and related trends in southe- ast Turkey’s oilfields. Energy Sources, 26, 987–1003.
  • Curtis, R., Evans, G., Kinsman, D. J. J., and Shearman, D. J., 1963. Association of dolomite and anhydrite in recent sedi- ments of the Persian Gulf. Nature, l97, 679–680.
  • Dağıstan, H., and Şimşek, S., 2005. Geological and hydrogeological investigation of Kozluk-Taşlıdere (Batman) geothermal field. Proceedings World Geothermal Congress, (eds.) 1–8.
  • Gilmour, N., and Makel, G., 1996. 3D Geometry and kinematics of the N.V. Turkse Shell thrust belt oil fields, Southeast Turkey. Musee National d’Historie Naturella, 170, 524–547.
  • Günay, Y., 1998. Güneydoğu Anadolu’nun jeo- lojisi. TPAO, 3939., Ankara (Türkçe).
  • Gündoğan, İ., Önal, M., and Depçi, T., 2005. Sedimentology, petrography and dia- genesis of Eocene-Oligocene evapori- tes: the Tuzhisar Formation, SW Sivas Basin, Turkey. Journal of Asian Earth Science, 25, 791–803.
  • Hardie, L. A., and Eugster, H. P., 1971. The de- positional environment of marine eva- porites a case for shallow, clastic accu- mulation. Sedimentology, 16, 187–220.
  • Hardie, L.A., 1984. Evaporites: Marine or non- marine? American Journal of Science, 284, 193–240.
  • Kasprzyk., A., and Orti., F., 1998. Paleogeog- raphic and burial controls on anhydrite genesie: a case study from the bade- nian evaporite basine of the carpathian fordeep (southern Poland, western Uk- raine). Sedimentology, 45, 889-907.
  • Kendall, A. C., 1981. Continental and supratidal (sabkha) evaporites. İn: Facies Models. Geoscience, 1, 145–157.
  • Kinsman, D. J. J., 1969. Models of formation, sedimentary associations and diag- nositic features of shallowwater and supratidal evaporites. Am. Assoc. Petr. Geol., 53, 830-840.
  • Maxon, J. H., 1936. Geology of petroleum pos- sibilities of the Hermis dome. MTA, 255., Ankara (İngilizce).
  • Mossop, G. D., and Shearman, D.J., 1973. Ori- gins of secondary gypsum rocks. Trans. İnst. Min. Metal, 82, 147–154. 21

Diagenesis and Paleogeographic Development of Oligocene Evaporites of the Germik Formation (Kurtalan, SW Siirt), Turkey

Yıl 2013, Cilt: 34 Sayı: 1, 141 - 168, 01.02.2013

Öz

This study deals with the Oligocene evaporites of Germik Formation near Kurtalan to the SWof Siirt. The diagenetic phases (early-late) and processes (compaction, cementation, hydration and substitution) of evaporites were determined and paleogeography of the region was revealed.According to stratigraphic and sedimentological rocks and constituent studies, evaporitic minerals were investigated together with their textures, lithologies and sedimentary structures and a lithofacies classification is proposed. The lateral and vertical continuity of lithofacies with regards to each other was interpreted considering stratigraphic sections and the variation of gypsum and anhydrite formation in various climatic and tectonic conditions was introduced. Besides field studies, the petrographic and minerologic properties of evaporites were also investigated and the primary fabric and sedimentary structures (such as lamination, stromatolitic, nodular and chicken-wire structures) of evaporite types were determined. Eventually, it was identified that the evaporites in the region were generally altered by diagenesis and are secondary in origin. The evaporites of Germik Formation were formed during early diagenesis (primary anhydrite, formation of anhydrite nodules) and late diagenesis (burial-exhumation: anhydrite-gypsum transformation, calcite, dolomite and celestite crystallization and formation of secondary gypsum such as alabastrine, porphyroblastic and satin spar by the interaction of anhydrite with soil or ground water) processes in an environment changing from coastal sabkha to shallow sea. In the region, a deepening sea environment from NW to SE during Oligocene period was revealed according to the correlations of the W-E and N-S trending measured stratigraphic sections taken from the Germik Formation

Kaynakça

  • Back, W., Hanshaw, B.B., Plummer, L.N., Tahn, P.H., Rightmire, C.T., and Rubin, M.,
  • 19 Process and rate of dedolomiti
  • zation: Mass transfer and 14C dating in a
  • regional carbonate aquifer. Geol. Surv.
  • Amer. Bull., 94, 1415-1429.
  • Butler, G. P., Kendall, C. G. St. C., Kinsman, D. J. J., Shearman, D. J., and Skipwith, A. d’E., 1964. Recent anhydrite from the
  • Trucial Coast of the Arabian Gulf. Geolo
  • gical Society of London, Circular, 120, 3.
  • Butler, G. P.,1969. Modern evaporite deposition and geochemistry of coexisting brines, the sabkha, Trucial Coast, Arabian Gulf. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 39, 70–89.
  • Caldwell, R. H., 1976. Holocene gypsum depo- sits of the Bullara Sunkland, Carnarvon Basin, Western Australia (PhD Thesis). Univ. Western, Australia (unpublished).
  • Coşkun, B., 2004. Arabian-Anatolian plate mo- vements and related trends in southe- ast Turkey’s oilfields. Energy Sources, 26, 987–1003.
  • Curtis, R., Evans, G., Kinsman, D. J. J., and Shearman, D. J., 1963. Association of dolomite and anhydrite in recent sedi- ments of the Persian Gulf. Nature, l97, 679–680.
  • Dağıstan, H., and Şimşek, S., 2005. Geological and hydrogeological investigation of Kozluk-Taşlıdere (Batman) geothermal field. Proceedings World Geothermal Congress, (eds.) 1–8.
  • Gilmour, N., and Makel, G., 1996. 3D Geometry and kinematics of the N.V. Turkse Shell thrust belt oil fields, Southeast Turkey. Musee National d’Historie Naturella, 170, 524–547.
  • Günay, Y., 1998. Güneydoğu Anadolu’nun jeo- lojisi. TPAO, 3939., Ankara (Türkçe).
  • Gündoğan, İ., Önal, M., and Depçi, T., 2005. Sedimentology, petrography and dia- genesis of Eocene-Oligocene evapori- tes: the Tuzhisar Formation, SW Sivas Basin, Turkey. Journal of Asian Earth Science, 25, 791–803.
  • Hardie, L. A., and Eugster, H. P., 1971. The de- positional environment of marine eva- porites a case for shallow, clastic accu- mulation. Sedimentology, 16, 187–220.
  • Hardie, L.A., 1984. Evaporites: Marine or non- marine? American Journal of Science, 284, 193–240.
  • Kasprzyk., A., and Orti., F., 1998. Paleogeog- raphic and burial controls on anhydrite genesie: a case study from the bade- nian evaporite basine of the carpathian fordeep (southern Poland, western Uk- raine). Sedimentology, 45, 889-907.
  • Kendall, A. C., 1981. Continental and supratidal (sabkha) evaporites. İn: Facies Models. Geoscience, 1, 145–157.
  • Kinsman, D. J. J., 1969. Models of formation, sedimentary associations and diag- nositic features of shallowwater and supratidal evaporites. Am. Assoc. Petr. Geol., 53, 830-840.
  • Maxon, J. H., 1936. Geology of petroleum pos- sibilities of the Hermis dome. MTA, 255., Ankara (İngilizce).
  • Mossop, G. D., and Shearman, D.J., 1973. Ori- gins of secondary gypsum rocks. Trans. İnst. Min. Metal, 82, 147–154. 21

Germik Formasyonu Oligosen Evaporitlerinin (Kurtalan, GB Siirt) Diyajenezi ve Paleocoğrafik Gelişimi, Türkiye

Yıl 2013, Cilt: 34 Sayı: 1, 141 - 168, 01.02.2013

Öz

Bu çalışma, Siirt’in güneybatısında, Kurtalan civarında bulunan Oligosen yaşlı Germik Formasyonu evaporitlerini içermektedir. Evaporitlerin diyajenetik aşama (erken-geç) ve süreçleri (sıkışma, çimentolanma, hidratasyon ve ornatma gibi) belirlenmiş, bölgenin paleocoğrafyası aydınlatılmıştır. Stratigrafik ve sedimantolojik çalışmalara göre evaporitik mineraller ve bunların birlikte bulunduğu kayaçlar incelenmiş, jips ile anhidritlerin doku, litoloji ve sedimanter yapı gibi özellikleri incelenerek litofasiyeslere ayrılmıştır. Litofasiyeslerin birbirleriyle olan yatay ve dikey devamlılıkları, ölçülü stratigrafik kesitlere göre yorumlanarak bu jips ve anhidrit oluşumlarının iklim ve tektonizma şartlarındaki değişimleri ortaya konulmuştur. Arazi çalışmaları ile beraber evaporitlerin petrografik ve mineralojik özellikleri incelenerek evaporitlerin tiplerinin ilksel fabrikleri, sedimanter yapıları (laminalanma, stromatolitik yapılar, yumrulu ve kümesteli) belirlenmiş ve burada oluşan evaporitlerin genel olarak diyajenez ile değişim geçirdikleri ve ikincil oldukları saptanmıştır. Germik Formasyonu evaporitlerinin erken diyajenez (birincil anhidrit, anhidrit yumrularının oluşumu) ve geç diyajenez (gömülme-yükselme: anhidrit-jips dönüşümü, kalsit, dolomit ve sölestin kristallenmesi ve anhidritin zemin veya yer altı suyu ile temasa geçerek alabastrin, porfiroblastik ve satin spar gibi ikincil jipsleri oluşturması) süreçlerinde kıyısal sabkadan-sığ denize kadar değişen ortamlarda çökeldikleri belirlenmiştir. Germik Formasyonu’ndan alınan ölçülü stratigrafik kesitlerin B-D ile K-G doğrultulu korelasyonları sonucunda bölgede Oligosen döneminde kuzeybatıdan güneydoğuya doğru derinleşen bir denizin varlığı ortaya konmuştur

Kaynakça

  • Back, W., Hanshaw, B.B., Plummer, L.N., Tahn, P.H., Rightmire, C.T., and Rubin, M.,
  • 19 Process and rate of dedolomiti
  • zation: Mass transfer and 14C dating in a
  • regional carbonate aquifer. Geol. Surv.
  • Amer. Bull., 94, 1415-1429.
  • Butler, G. P., Kendall, C. G. St. C., Kinsman, D. J. J., Shearman, D. J., and Skipwith, A. d’E., 1964. Recent anhydrite from the
  • Trucial Coast of the Arabian Gulf. Geolo
  • gical Society of London, Circular, 120, 3.
  • Butler, G. P.,1969. Modern evaporite deposition and geochemistry of coexisting brines, the sabkha, Trucial Coast, Arabian Gulf. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 39, 70–89.
  • Caldwell, R. H., 1976. Holocene gypsum depo- sits of the Bullara Sunkland, Carnarvon Basin, Western Australia (PhD Thesis). Univ. Western, Australia (unpublished).
  • Coşkun, B., 2004. Arabian-Anatolian plate mo- vements and related trends in southe- ast Turkey’s oilfields. Energy Sources, 26, 987–1003.
  • Curtis, R., Evans, G., Kinsman, D. J. J., and Shearman, D. J., 1963. Association of dolomite and anhydrite in recent sedi- ments of the Persian Gulf. Nature, l97, 679–680.
  • Dağıstan, H., and Şimşek, S., 2005. Geological and hydrogeological investigation of Kozluk-Taşlıdere (Batman) geothermal field. Proceedings World Geothermal Congress, (eds.) 1–8.
  • Gilmour, N., and Makel, G., 1996. 3D Geometry and kinematics of the N.V. Turkse Shell thrust belt oil fields, Southeast Turkey. Musee National d’Historie Naturella, 170, 524–547.
  • Günay, Y., 1998. Güneydoğu Anadolu’nun jeo- lojisi. TPAO, 3939., Ankara (Türkçe).
  • Gündoğan, İ., Önal, M., and Depçi, T., 2005. Sedimentology, petrography and dia- genesis of Eocene-Oligocene evapori- tes: the Tuzhisar Formation, SW Sivas Basin, Turkey. Journal of Asian Earth Science, 25, 791–803.
  • Hardie, L. A., and Eugster, H. P., 1971. The de- positional environment of marine eva- porites a case for shallow, clastic accu- mulation. Sedimentology, 16, 187–220.
  • Hardie, L.A., 1984. Evaporites: Marine or non- marine? American Journal of Science, 284, 193–240.
  • Kasprzyk., A., and Orti., F., 1998. Paleogeog- raphic and burial controls on anhydrite genesie: a case study from the bade- nian evaporite basine of the carpathian fordeep (southern Poland, western Uk- raine). Sedimentology, 45, 889-907.
  • Kendall, A. C., 1981. Continental and supratidal (sabkha) evaporites. İn: Facies Models. Geoscience, 1, 145–157.
  • Kinsman, D. J. J., 1969. Models of formation, sedimentary associations and diag- nositic features of shallowwater and supratidal evaporites. Am. Assoc. Petr. Geol., 53, 830-840.
  • Maxon, J. H., 1936. Geology of petroleum pos- sibilities of the Hermis dome. MTA, 255., Ankara (İngilizce).
  • Mossop, G. D., and Shearman, D.J., 1973. Ori- gins of secondary gypsum rocks. Trans. İnst. Min. Metal, 82, 147–154. 21
Toplam 23 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Mühendislik
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Pelin Güngör Yeşilova Bu kişi benim

Cahit Helvacı Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Şubat 2013
Gönderilme Tarihi 24 Mart 2015
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2013 Cilt: 34 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

EndNote Yeşilova PG, Helvacı C (01 Şubat 2013) Germik Formasyonu Oligosen Evaporitlerinin (Kurtalan, GB Siirt) Diyajenezi ve Paleocoğrafik Gelişimi, Türkiye. Yerbilimleri 34 1 141–168.