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Ostracoda Fauna and Paleoenvironmental Characteristics of the late Early-Middle Miocene Söke Formation, Söke Basin, Aydın/Western Anatolia

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 36 Sayı: 3, 97 - 120, 11.01.2016
https://doi.org/10.17824/yrb.41193

Öz

The study area is located about 40 km west of the district of Söke (City of Aydın). The Söke Basin has Neogene and Quaternary successions. At the bottom, the Söke Formation unconformably overlying the basement rocks is represented by the Kemalpaşa Conglomerate Member, comprising blocky conglomerates, conglomerates and sandstones derived from the basement rocks. Upward, succession passes to the Şeytan Member composed of clast-dominated lithology, carbonate and coal interlayers are also observed. Limestone dominated Maden Limestone Member gradually overlies. The Middle Miocene Davutlar Conglomerate unconformably overlies the Söke Formation. Two measured stratigraphic sections (MSS) were taken from the Söke Formation in September 2011. 25 samples from the Şeytan Member and 17 samples from the Maden Limestone Member were collected. Ostracoda fauna is obtained from only 11 samples. In the Şeytan Member, Darwinula stevensoni, Candona candida, Candona sp. cf. C. procera, Pseudocandona sp. cf. P. rostrata from the class Ostracoda, Barbus sp. from the Cyprinidae family of freshwater fishes, Valvata sp. and Planorbis sp. from the class Gastropoda and Sphaerochara ulmensis from Charophyta flora were identified. In the Maden Limestone Member, Darwinula stevensoni, Candona decimai, Candona sp.1, Candona sp.2, Candona sp. cf. C. procera, Fabaeformiscandona sp. from the class Ostracoda and Barbus sp. from the Cyprinidae family of freshwater fishes were obtained. The age of the Söke Formation is assigned to late Early-Middle Miocene according to ostracod fauna assemblage and the data obtained from previous studies. The ostracod fauna assemblage with other faunal and floral data detected from the Şeytan and Maden Limestone Members point out that the deposition took place in a freshwater environment. By combining all data it is interpreted that the Şeytan Member was deposited in a shallow and clastic dominated lacustrine environment, the Maden Limestone Member was deposited in a deeper and carbonate dominated lacustrine environment. 

Kaynakça

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  • Anadón, P., Gliozzi, E. ve Mazzini, I., 2012. Ge- ochemical and Palaeoecological Analy- ses of Mid Pleistocene to Holocene Ostracod Assemblages from Valle di Castiglione (Italy): Palaeoenvironmental and Palaeoclimatic Assessment. Deve- lopments in Quaternary Science, Vol 17, Chapter 13, 217-240.
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Geç Erken-Orta Miyosen Yaşlı Söke Formasyonu’nun Ostrakod Faunası ve Paleoortamsal Karakteristikleri, Söke Havzası, Aydın/ Batı Anadolu

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 36 Sayı: 3, 97 - 120, 11.01.2016
https://doi.org/10.17824/yrb.41193

Öz

Çalışma alanı, Aydın iline bağlı Söke ilçesinin yaklaşık 40 km batısında yer almaktadır. Söke Havzası, Neojen ve Kuvaterner yaşlı istiflere sahiptir. Temel kayaları üzerine uyumsuz olarak gelen Söke Formasyonu, tabanda, temelden türeyen bloklu çakıltaşları, çakıltaşları ve kumtaşlarından oluşan Kemalpaşa Konglomera Üyesi ile temsil edilmektedir. İstif üste doğru kırıntı baskın Şeytan Üyesi’ne geçmekte, karbonat ve kömür içeren seviyeler de gözlenmektedir. Kireçtaşlarının hakim olduğu Maden Kireçtaşı Üyesi ise geçişli olarak üzerlemektedir. Söke Formasyonu’nun üzerine uyumsuz olarak Orta Miyosen yaşlı Davutlar Konglomerası gelmektedir. Eylül 2011’de Söke Formasyonu’ndan iki adet ölçülü stratigrafik kesit (ÖSK) alınmıştır. Şeytan Üyesi’nden 25 ve Maden Kireçtaşı Üyesi’nden ise 17 örnek toplanmıştır. Ostrakod faunası yalnızca 11 örnekte saptanmıştır. Şeytan Üyesi’nde Ostracoda sınıfından Darwinula stevensoni, Candona candida, Candona sp. cf. C. procera, Pseudocandona sp. cf. P. rostrata, tatlı su balıklarının Cyprinidae familyasından Barbus sp., Gastropoda sınıfından Valvata sp. ve Planorbis sp. ile Charophyta florasından Sphaerochara ulmensis bulunmuştur. Maden Kireçtaşı Üyesi’nde ise Ostracoda sınıfından Darwinula stevensoni, Candona decimai, Candona sp.1, Candona sp.2, Candona sp. cf. C. procera, Fabaeformiscandona sp. ve tatlı su balıklarının Cyprinidae familyasından Barbus sp.’ye ait formlar elde edilmiştir. Söke Formasyonu’nun yaşı, ostrakod fauna topluluğu ve önceki çalışmalarda elde edilen veriler kullanılarak, geç Erken-Orta Miyosen olarak belirlenmiştir. Şeytan ve Maden Kireçtaşı Üyesi’nden saptanan ostrakod fauna topluluğu ile diğer faunal ve floral veriler, çökelimin bir tatlı su ortamında gerçekleştiğini işaret etmektedir. Tüm veriler değerlendirildiğinde, Şeytan Üyesi’nin sığ ve kırıntı baskın bir göl ortamında, Maden Kireçtaşı Üyesi’nin ise daha derin ve karbonat baskın bir göl ortamında çökeldiği düşünülmektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Akgün, F. ve Akyol, E., 1999. Palynostratigraphy of the coal-bearing Neogene deposits in Büyük Menderes Graben, Western Anatolia. Geobios, 32 (3), 367-383.
  • Alçiçek, H., 2010. Stratigraphic correlation of the Neogene basins in southwestern Anatolia: Regional palaeogeographical, palaeoclimatic and tectonic implicati- ons. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimato- logy, Palaeoecology, 291, 297-318.
  • Anadón, P., Gliozzi, E. ve Mazzini, I., 2012. Ge- ochemical and Palaeoecological Analy- ses of Mid Pleistocene to Holocene Ostracod Assemblages from Valle di Castiglione (Italy): Palaeoenvironmental and Palaeoclimatic Assessment. Deve- lopments in Quaternary Science, Vol 17, Chapter 13, 217-240.
  • Arni, P., 1937. Söke Liğnit Havzası Hakkında Rapor. MTA Raporu No: 159, Ankara (yayınlanmamış).
  • Atay, G. ve Tunoğlu, C., 2002. Kilitbahir sondaj örneklerinin (Eceabat/Çanakkale) Ost- rakod faunası ve biyoprovensi. Yerbi- limleri, 26, 119-144.
  • Becker-Platen, J.D., 1970. Lithostratigraphisc- he Untersuchungen im Kanozoikum Südwest - Anatoliens (Türkei), Beih. Geol. Jahrb, 97, 1-243.
  • Bellucci, L., Mazzini, I., Scardia, G., Bruni, L., Parenti, F., Segre, A.G., Naldini, E, S. ve Sardella, R., 2012. The site of Coste San Giacomo (Early Pleistocene, cent- ral Italy): Palaeoenvironmental analysis and biochronological overview. Quater- nary International, 267, 30-39.
  • Beker, K., Tunoğlu, C. ve Ertekin, İ.K., 2008. Pli- ocene-Lower Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna from İnsuyu Limestone (Karapı- nar-Konya/Central Turkey) and its Paleo- environmental Implications. Geological Bulletin of Turkey, 51 (1), 1-31.
  • Brückner, H., 1997. Coastal changes in wes- tern Turkey; rapid delta progradation in historical times. Bulletin de l’Institut Océanographique, 18, 63-74.
  • Carbonnel, G., 1969. Les ostracodes du Miocène Rhodanien: Systématique, biostratig- raphie écologique, paléobiologie. Doc. Lab. Geol. Fac. Sci., Lyon, 32, 1-469.
  • Devoto, G., 1965. Lacustrine Pleistocene in the Lower Liri Valley. Geol. Rom., IV, 291- 368.
  • Ercan, T., Akat, U., Günay, E. ve Savaşçın, Y.,
  • Söke-Selçuk-Kuşadası dolayları
  • nın jeolojisi ve volkanik kayaçların pet
  • rokimyasal özellikleri. Maden Tetkik ve
  • Arama Dergisi, 105-106, 15-38.
  • Freels, D., 1980. Limnische Ostracoden aus
  • Jungtertiär und Qatar Der Türkei. Geol.
  • Jahr. Reihe B, Heft 39, 172 s., Hanno- ver.
  • Göktaş. F., 1998. Söke Havzası’nın Neojen ve Kuvaterner stratigrafisi. MTA Raporu, No:10222, Ankara (yayınlanmamış).
  • Gross, M., 2004. Zur Ostracodenfauna (Crusta- cea), Paläoökologie und Stratigrafie der
  • Tongrube Mataschen (Unter-Pannoni
  • um, Steirisches Becken, Österreich).
  • Joannea Geol. Paläont., 5, 49-129.
  • Gürer, Ö.F., Bozcu M., Yılmaz K. ve Yılmaz Y., 2001, Neogene basin development aro- und Söke - Kuşadası (western Anatolia) and its bearing on tectonic develop- ment of the Aegean region. Geodinami- ca Acta, 14, 57-69.
  • Gürer, Ö.F., Sarıca-Filoreau, N., Özburan, M., Sangu, E. ve Doğan, B., 2009, Progres- sive development of the Büyük Mende- res Graben based on new data, western
  • Turkey. Geol. Mag., 146 (5), 653-673.
  • Hiller, D., 1972. Untersuchungen zur Biologie und zur Ökologie limnischer Ostraco- den aus der Umgebung von Hambourg. Archiv für Hydrobiologie, Supplement - Band 40 (4), 400-497.
  • International Commission on Zoological No- menclature, 1999. International Code of
  • Zoological Nomenclature, 4th edition,
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  • Viehberg, F.A., Frenzel, P. ve Hoffmann, G., 2008. Succession of late Pleistocene and Holocene ostracode assemblages in a transgressive environment: A study at a coastal locality of the southern Bal- tic Sea (Germany). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 264, 318-329.
  • Wilkinson, I.P., Bubikyan, S.A. ve Gulakyan, S.Z., 2005. The impact of late Holoce- ne environmental change on lacustrine Ostracoda in Armenia. Palaeogeog- raphy, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoeco- logy, 225, 187-202.
  • Witt, W., 2003. Freshwater Ostracods from Ne- ogene deposits of Develiköy (Manisa,
  • Turkey). Zitteliana, A 43, 93-108.
  • Witt, W., 2011. Mixed ostracod faunas, co- occurrence of marine Oligocene and non-marine Miocene taxa at Pınarhisar,
  • Thrace, Turkey. Zitteliana, A 51, 237- 254.
  • Yılmaz, Y., Genç¸ Ş.Ç., Gürer, Ö.F., Karacık, Z., Altunkaynak, S, Bozcu, M., Yılmaz, K. ve Elmas, A., 1999. Ege Denizi ve Ege böl- gesinin jeolojisi ve evrimi, Türkiye Deniz- lerinin ve Yakın Çevresinin Jeolojisi (Edi- tör: N. Görür), Devlet Planlama Teşkilatı, Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu yayını, Ankara, 211-337.
Toplam 91 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Mühendislik
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Alaettin Tuncer

Cemal Tunoğlu

Yayımlanma Tarihi 11 Ocak 2016
Gönderilme Tarihi 11 Ocak 2016
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2015 Cilt: 36 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

EndNote Tuncer A, Tunoğlu C (01 Mart 2016) Geç Erken-Orta Miyosen Yaşlı Söke Formasyonu’nun Ostrakod Faunası ve Paleoortamsal Karakteristikleri, Söke Havzası, Aydın/ Batı Anadolu. Yerbilimleri 36 3 97–120.