Araştırma Makalesi

Expanding Water, Deepening Injustice: How Istanbul’s IBWT Projects Reshape Urban and Rural Lives

Cilt: 7 30 Aralık 2025
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Expanding Water, Deepening Injustice: How Istanbul’s IBWT Projects Reshape Urban and Rural Lives

Öz

Inter-basin water transfer (IBWT) has become a key strategy for water authorities aiming to secure a reliable water supply for Istanbul’s growing population. While IBWT projects have improved urban water availability, their negative impacts on rural communities in donor basins—and, to a lesser extent, on urban populations—remain insufficiently explored. Addressing this gap, this paper examines the impacts of Istanbul’s two major IBWT systems—the Istrancas and Great Melen projects—constructed in the 1990s and 2000s, respectively, through the lens of environmental justice. The study employs participatory observation, in-depth interviews with key stakeholders in both donor and recipient basins, and a review of relevant documents and archival materials. Based on this analysis, the paper proposes an evaluation matrix to comprehensively assess the true costs and benefits of large-scale water infrastructure projects, considering the distributive, procedural, and recognition dimensions of environmental justice. The findings reveal that the costs of IBWT systems have been more extensive and profound than their benefits. Rural communities, in particular, have faced significant losses of income, livelihoods, and cultural heritage due to restricted or eliminated access to water, which has accelerated rural-to-urban migration. Urban populations, meanwhile, bear the economic burden of IBWT construction and maintenance, higher water prices, increased dependence on external water sources, and the pressures of migration, all of which degrade urban quality of life. Without addressing these interconnected environmental injustices, Istanbul’s water crisis risks escalating to a regional scale, affecting both rural and urban areas beyond the city.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kaynakça

  1. Agamben, Giorgio. State of Exception. University of Chicago Press, 2005. Akalın, Nuray, Bülent Mertoğlu, and Ali Ertürk. “Assessing the Future Water Potential of Istanbul and the Need for Inter-Basin Water Transfer and the Trade-Offs for Water Allocation.” Water Supply 25, no. 4 (2025): 696–715. https://doi.org/10.2166/ws.2025.038. Aksoyer, Ali, and İlhan Parçalı. “İstanbul’da Pabuçdere Barajı Kurudu.” Hürriyet, 28 August 2014. https:// www.hurriyet.com.tr/gundem/istanbulda-pabucdere-baraji-kurudu-27078087. Altınkaya Genel, Özlem, and ChengHe Guan. “Assessing Urbanization Dynamics in Türkiye’s Marmara Region Using CORINE Data Between 2006 and 2018.” Remote Sensing 13, no. 4 (2021): 664. https:// doi.org/10.3390/rs13040664. Andersson, Eric, Johannes Langemeyer, Sara Borgström, et al. “Enabling Green and Blue Infrastructure to Improve Contributions to Human Well-Being and Equity in Urban Systems.” BioScience 69, no. 7 (2019): 566–74. https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biz058.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Kentsel Politika

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

30 Aralık 2025

Gönderilme Tarihi

12 Mayıs 2025

Kabul Tarihi

10 Aralık 2025

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2025 Cilt: 7

Kaynak Göster

APA
İlhan, A. (2025). Expanding Water, Deepening Injustice: How Istanbul’s IBWT Projects Reshape Urban and Rural Lives. YILLIK: Annual of Istanbul Studies, 7, 75-101. https://doi.org/10.53979/yillik.1697624
AMA
1.İlhan A. Expanding Water, Deepening Injustice: How Istanbul’s IBWT Projects Reshape Urban and Rural Lives. YILLIK. 2025;7:75-101. doi:10.53979/yillik.1697624
Chicago
İlhan, Akgün. 2025. “Expanding Water, Deepening Injustice: How Istanbul’s IBWT Projects Reshape Urban and Rural Lives”. YILLIK: Annual of Istanbul Studies 7 (Aralık): 75-101. https://doi.org/10.53979/yillik.1697624.
EndNote
İlhan A (01 Aralık 2025) Expanding Water, Deepening Injustice: How Istanbul’s IBWT Projects Reshape Urban and Rural Lives. YILLIK: Annual of Istanbul Studies 7 75–101.
IEEE
[1]A. İlhan, “Expanding Water, Deepening Injustice: How Istanbul’s IBWT Projects Reshape Urban and Rural Lives”, YILLIK, c. 7, ss. 75–101, Ara. 2025, doi: 10.53979/yillik.1697624.
ISNAD
İlhan, Akgün. “Expanding Water, Deepening Injustice: How Istanbul’s IBWT Projects Reshape Urban and Rural Lives”. YILLIK: Annual of Istanbul Studies 7 (01 Aralık 2025): 75-101. https://doi.org/10.53979/yillik.1697624.
JAMA
1.İlhan A. Expanding Water, Deepening Injustice: How Istanbul’s IBWT Projects Reshape Urban and Rural Lives. YILLIK. 2025;7:75–101.
MLA
İlhan, Akgün. “Expanding Water, Deepening Injustice: How Istanbul’s IBWT Projects Reshape Urban and Rural Lives”. YILLIK: Annual of Istanbul Studies, c. 7, Aralık 2025, ss. 75-101, doi:10.53979/yillik.1697624.
Vancouver
1.Akgün İlhan. Expanding Water, Deepening Injustice: How Istanbul’s IBWT Projects Reshape Urban and Rural Lives. YILLIK. 01 Aralık 2025;7:75-101. doi:10.53979/yillik.1697624