EN
TR
THE KANUN INSTRUMENT IN CENTRAL ASIAN AND OTTOMAN MUSICAL CULTURES: A HISTORICAL AND TECHNICAL COMPARISON
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The qanun has evolved over time across a vast geographical area, developing within various cultural and musical contexts. It holds a significant place in both Central Asian and Ottoman music cultures. This study examines the historical origins of the qanun, its structural and technical features, tuning systems, performance techniques, and repertoire in a comparative manner, analyzing its role in both cultural frameworks.In Central Asia, the qanun has been used as part of traditional folk music and oral narrative culture, shaping a unique form within the rhythmic and melodic structures of nomadic societies. In Ottoman music, however, the qanun became one of the fundamental instruments of the makam system, finding extensive use from the palace to Sufi lodges, from folk music to academic education.The findings of this study indicate that the types of qanuns used in Central Asia generally have fixed tuning systems, whereas the mandal system developed in Ottoman music culture allows for tonal modifications during performance. The structure of the qanun in Ottoman music was adapted to accommodate the complex makam system of Classical Turkish music, whereas in Central Asian music, traditional modal structures remained more prominent. Furthermore, the study reveals that in the Central Asian music system, the qanun plays a more rhythmic and improvisational role, whereas in Ottoman music, a performance approach emphasizing individual virtuosity has developed. In this context, the study explains how the instrument has acquired different functions in both cultures and how it has been perceived as a carrier of musical identity. Finally, the research discusses the position of the qanun in the global music scene in the modern era and how traditional instruments have undergone transformation in line with changing musical trends.
Keywords: Qanun, Ethno musicology, Central Asia, Ottoman music.
Keywords
Etik Beyan
Bu çalışma herhangi bir insan katılımcı, hayvan deneyi veya özel veri kullanımı içermediğinden dolayı etik kurul onayı gerektirmemektedir. Çalışma yalnızca açık kaynaklı literatür taramasına ve ikincil veri analizine dayanmaktadır.
Kaynakça
- Adams, L. L. (2015). The dombra and Kazakh national identity: Sounding the nation. Ethnomusicology, 59(3), 449–469.
- Anadolu Ajansı, (2024). В Кыргызстане возрождают древний инструмент – жетыген. (Erişim adresi: https://www.aa.com.tr/ru/искусство-и-культура/в-кыргызстане-возрождают-древний-инструмент-жетыген/3238039), (Erişim tarihi: 17/04/2025).
- Babayev, M. (2004). Azerbaycan’da kanun sanatı. Bakü: Azerbaycan Milli Bilimler Akademisi Müzik Enstitüsü Yayınları.
- Behar, C. (2010). Osmanlı-Türk Musikisi. İstanbul: Yapı Kredi Yayınları.
- Çalgan, M. S. (1999). Türk musikîsi tarihi. İstanbul: Ötüken Yayınları.
- Djumaev, A. (2002). Traditional Music in Contemporary Uzbekistan: The Search for Identity. Silk Road Foundation.
- Djumaev, A. (2011). The Development of Uzbek Traditional Music in the Soviet Period. In M. Slobin (Ed.), Central Asian Musics: Essays on the Music of the Turkic-Speaking World içinde (pp. 89–108). Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag.
- During, J. (1988). The radif of Persian music: Studies of Structure and Cultural Context. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Ayrıntılar
Birincil Dil
Türkçe
Konular
Müzikoloji ve Etnomüzikoloji , Müzik (Diğer)
Bölüm
Düzeltme
Yazarlar
Gökhan Usal
*
0009-0004-7584-3202
Kyrgyzstan
Yayımlanma Tarihi
31 Aralık 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi
21 Mart 2025
Kabul Tarihi
8 Mayıs 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı
Yıl 1970 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 4