Piyasa Yapısı ve Talebin Belirleyicileri: Türkiye Havalimanları Üzerine Bir Panel Veri Analizi

Öz

Bu araştırmanın amacı, havalimanındaki havayolu şirketi sayısını ve pazara olan talebi belirleyen faktörleri ortaya koymaktır. Ayrıca yoğunlaşma ölçüm araçları ile pazar yapısını ve pazar yapısındaki değişimi ortaya çıkarmak da bir diğer araştırma amacıdır. Türkiye'deki yirmi sekiz havalimanı, 2007-2018 yılları arasında panel veri analizi ile incelenmiştir. Genel olarak piyasa yapısına bakıldığında, yoğunlaşma değerlerinde zaman içinde düşüşler gözlenmiştir. Diğer bir deyişle, havalimanları zamanla daha rekabetçi hale gelmiştir. Panel veri sonuçları ilgili pazardaki yolcu sayısının, şehrin GSYH'sinin, üniversite öğrencisi sayısının, turist sayısının ve Hub Havalimanı'nın, havalimanlarındaki havayolu sayısını anlamlı bir biçimde etkilediğini göstermektedir. Diğer taraftan ilgili pazardaki havayolu işletmesi sayısının, şehrin GSYH'sinin, havalimanının bulunduğu şehirde yaşayan nüfusun, üniversite öğrencisi sayısının, Hub Havalimanı'nın varlığının ve turist sayısının havalimanlarındaki talep üzerinde anlamlı etkiye sahip olduğu görülmektedir. Bu araştırmadan elde edilen sonuçların, pazarın yapısı ve talebe ilişkin sunduğu yeni modeller ile yazına katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir. Araştırmanın talebi tahmin etme konusunda havayolu şirketlerine ve havalimanı yöneticilerine yol göstereceği düşünülmektedir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Havaalanları, Panel Veri, Havayolu Talebi, Pazar Yapısı, Rekabet. JEL Sınıflandırması: L11, L93, R41

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Havaalanları
• Panel Veri
• Havayolu Talebi
• Pazar Yapısı
• Rekabet

Determinants of Market Structure and Demand: A Panel Data Study on Turkish Airports

Öz

The aim of this research is to reveal the factors that determine the number of airlines at the airport and the demand for the market. In addition, another objective of the research is to reveal the market structure and the changes in the market structure using concentration measurement tools is another research purpose. The twenty-eight airports in Turkey were examined by panel data analysis between the years 2007-2018. Regarding the market structure in general, decreases have been observed in the concentration values over time. In other words, airports have become more competitive over time. The panel data results show that the number of airlines at airports is strongly influenced by the number of passengers in the relevant market, the city’s GDP, the number of university students, the number of visitors, and the hub airport. On the other hand, it is evident that the number of airline carriers operating in the relevant market, the city’s GDP, its population, the number of university students, the presence of a hub airport, and the number of tourists have a substantial impact on the demand at airports. Results obtained in this research will contribute to the literature by providing new models of market structure and demand. It is thought that the research will guide airline companies and airport managers in terms of predicting demand. Key Words: Airports, Panel Data, Air Travel Demand, Market Structure, Competition. JEL Classification: L11, L93, R41

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Airports
• Panel Data
• Air Travel Demand
• Market Structure
• Competition

Kaynakça

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