Stability, Profitability, and Liquidity: How Fintech Lending Effects the Banking Trifecta

Öz

Currently, the effects of developments in financial technology are among the topics of intense interest to researchers. Whether fintech will be supportive or disruptive for the banking system is still widely debated. The impact of technologically advanced credit systems on the traditional banking system, especially on the stability and performance of the banking system, remains a controversial issue in the literature. Accordingly, the impact of fintech lending on various indicators in the banking sector is investigated. For this purpose, various results are obtained using the 22 MSCI Emerging Markets data between 2015 and 2020. Accordingly, fintech loans positively affect not only Z-Score, a measure of financial stability, but also return on assets, a measure of financial performance. On the other hand, fintech loans also positively affect bank liquidity. These results reveal the positive effects of fintech lending on the banking sector in emerging economies. Therefore, policymakers and bank managers can contribute to the continued stability of the banking system by creating favorable conditions to encourage and develop fintech lending. Key Words: Fintech lending, Banking System Stability, Banking System Performance, Liquidity JEL Classification: F65, G21.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Fintech lending
• Banking System Stability
• Banking System Performance
• Liquidity

İstikrar, Kârlılık ve Likidite: Fintech Kredileri Bankacılık Üçlüsünü Nasıl Etkiliyor?

Öz

Günümüzde finansal teknolojideki gelişmelerin etkileri araştırmacıların yoğun ilgi gösterdiği konular arasında yer almaktadır. Fintekin bankacılık sistemi için destekleyici mi yoksa yıkıcı mı olacağı sorusu halen geniş alanda tartışılmaktadır. Teknolojik olarak gelişmiş kredi sistemlerinin geleneksel bankacılık sistemi üzerindeki etkisi, özellikle de bankacılık sisteminin istikrarı ve performansı üzerindeki etkisi literatürde tartışmalı bir konu olmaya devam etmektedir. Bu doğrultuda, fintek kredilerinin bankacılık sektöründeki çeşitli göstergeler üzerindeki etkisi araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla, 22 MSCI Gelişmekte Olan Piyasa'nın 2015-2020 yılları arasındaki verileri kullanılarak çeşitli sonuçlar elde edilmiştir. Buna göre, fintek kredileri sadece finansal istikrarın bir ölçüsü olan Z-Score'u olumlu etkilemekle kalmıyor, aynı zamanda finansal performansın bir ölçüsü olan aktif karlılığı da olumlu etkilediği tespit edilmiştir. Öte yandan, fintek kredileri banka likiditesini de olumlu yönde etkilemektedir. Bu sonuçlar, fintek kredilerinin gelişmekte olan ekonomilerdeki bankacılık sektörü üzerindeki olumlu etkilerini ortaya koymaktadır. Bu nedenle, politika yapıcılar ve banka yöneticileri, fintek kredilerini teşvik etmek ve geliştirmek için uygun koşullar yaratarak bankacılık sisteminin istikrarının devam etmesine katkıda bulunabilirler. Kelimeler: Fintek kredileri, Bankacılık Sistemi İstikrarı, Bankacılık Sistemi Performansı, Likidite JEL Sınıflandırması: F65, G21.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Fintech kredileri
• Bankacılık Sistemi İstikrarı
• Bankacılık Sistemi Performansı
• Likidite

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