A RESEARCH ON WORK LIFE QUALITY, PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTRACT AND PSYCHOLOGICAL OWNERSHIP RELATIONSHIP IN THE CONTEXT OF SOCIAL EXCHANGE THEORY

Abstract

ABSTRACT

In this study, it is aimed to determine the mediating effect of psychological contract and moderating effect of social exchange ideology on work life quality and psychological ownership relationship. During the literature review, it has been noticed that studies on psychological ownership are relatively limited and predominantly focus on its consequences rather than its predictors. With the assumption that perceived quality of work life is an important factor affecting psychological ownership via psychological contract, it was decided to conduct the field research on 218 teachers working in private schools. Since it has not been come across to any research investigating the quality of work life, psychological contract and psychological ownership relationship, it can be said that study findings can make contribution to the relevant area. Research findings showed that perceived quality of work life is associated with both relational contract and psychological ownership positively; and transactional contract negatively. Beside this, the relationship of work life quality and psychological ownership is mediated by psychological contract and moderated by social exchange ideology. 

Keywords

• work life quality,psychological contract,psychological ownership,social exchange

A RESEARCH ON WORK LIFE QUALITY, PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTRACT AND PSYCHOLOGICAL OWNERSHIP RELATIONSHIP IN THE CONTEXT OF SOCIAL EXCHANGE THEORY

Öz

Bu çalışmada, çalışma hayatı kalitesi ve psikolojik sahiplenme ilişkisinde psikolojik sözleşmenin aracı; sosyal mübadele hassasiyetinin düzenleyici etkisinin incelenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Yapılan literatür taramasında, psikolojik sahiplenme üzerine yapılan çalışmaların göreceli olarak sınırlı sayıda olduğu ve ağırlıklı olarak kavramın öncüllerinden ziyade ardılları üzerine odaklanıldığı görülmüştür. Çalışma hayatı kalitesinin psikolojik sahiplenmeye etki eden önemli bir faktör olabileceği varsayımından hareketle saha araştırmasının yapılmasına karar verilmiş; özel okullarda görev yapmakta olan 218 öğretmen üzerinde anket çalışması yürütülmüştür. Çalışma hayatı kalitesi, psikolojik sözleşme ve psikolojik sahiplenme ilişkisini ele alan herhangi bir çalışmaya rastlanmamış olduğundan araştırma bulgularının ilgili alana katkı sağlayacağı söylenebilir. Yapılan analizler sonucunda, çalışma hayatı kalitesinin ilişkisel sözleşme ve psikolojik sahiplenme ile pozitif; işlemsel sözleşme ile de negatif yönde ilişkili olduğunu görülmüştür. Bunun yanı sıra; çalışma hayatı kalitesi ve psikolojik sahiplenme ilişkisinde psikolojik sözleşmenin aracı; sosyal mübadele hassasiyetinin de düzenleyici bir etkiye sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• çalışma hayatı kalitesi,psikolojik sözleşme,psikolojik sahiplenme,sosyal mübadele

Kaynakça

1. Blau, P. (1964). Exchange and Power in Social Life. New York: Free Press.
2. Chan, K. W., Wyatt, T. A. (2007). Quality of Work Life: A Study of Employees in Shanghai, China. Asia Pacific Business Review, Vol.13, No.4, 501-517.
3. Clark, M. S., Mills, J. (1979). Interpersonal attraction in exchange and communal relationships. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, Vol.37, 12-24.
4. Cropanzano, R., Mitchell, M. S. (2005). Social Exchange Theory: An Interdisciplinary Review. Journal of Management, Vol.31, No.6, 874-900.
5. Eisenberger, R., Huntington, R., Hutchison, S., Sowa, D. (1986). Perceived Organizational Support. Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol.71, No.3, 500-507.
6. Gillet, N., Fouquereau, E., Bonnaud-Antignac, A., Mokounkolo, R., Colombat, P. (2013). The mediating role of organizational justice in the relationship between transformational leadership and nurses’ quality of work life: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey. International Journal of Nursing Studies, Vol.50, 1359-1367.
7. Huang, T.C., Lawler, J., Lei, C.Y. (2007). The Effects of Quality of Work Life on Commitment and Turnover Intention. Social Behavior and Personality. Vol.35, No.6, 735-750.
8. Kiernan, W. E., Knutson, K. (1990). Quality of work life. In R. L. Schalock, M. J. Begab (Eds.), Quality of Life: Perspectives and Issues, American Association of Mental Retardation, Washington, DC, US.

9. Lau R.S., M., May B.E. (1998). A win-win paradigm for quality of work life and business performance. Human Resource Development Quarterly, Vol.9, No.3, 211-226.
10. Ladd, D., Henry, R. A. (2000). Helping Coworkers and Helping the Organization: The Role of Support Perceptions, Exchange Ideology, and Conscientiousness. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, Vol.30, No.10, 2028-2049.
11. Lee, J.S., Back, K. J., Chan, E. S. W. (2015). Quality of work life and job satisfaction among frontline hotel employees: A self-determination and need satisfaction theory approach. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitability Management, Vol.27, No.5, 768-789.
12. Martel, J. P., Dupuis, G. (2006). Quality of Work Life: Theoretical and Methodological Problems, and Presentation of A New Model and Measuring Instrument. Social Indicators Research, Vol77, No.2, 333-368.
13. McDonald, D.J., Makin, P.J. (2000). The psychological contract, organizational commitment and job satisfaction of temporary staff. Leadership &Organization Development Journal, Vol.21, No.2, 84-91
14. Millward, L. J., Hopkins L. J. (1998). Psychological Contracts, Organizational and Job Commitment. Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol.28, No.16, 1530-1556.
15. Mirvis, P. H., Lawler III, E. E. (1984). Accounting for the quality of work life. Journal of Occupational Behavior, Vol.5, 197-212.
16. Nayak, T., Sahoo, C. K. (2015). Quality of Work Life and Organizational Performance: The Mediating Role of Employee Commitment. Journal of Health Management, Vol.17, No.3, 263-273.
17. Pierce, J. L., Kostova, T., Dirks, K. T. (2001). Toward a theory of psychological ownership in organizations. Academy of Management Review, 26(2), 298–310.
18. Pierce, J. L., Kostova, T., Dirks, K. T. (2003). The state of psychological ownership: Integrating and extending a century of research. Review of General Psychology, 7(1), 84–107.
19. Rousseau, D. M. (1989). Psychological and Implied Contracts in Organizations. Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal, Vol.2, No.2, 121-139.
20. Shore, L. M., Tetrick, L., E. (1994). The Psychological Contract as an Explanatory Framework in the Employment Relationship. In C. L.Cooper and D. M. Rousseau (Eds.), Trends in Organizational Behavior, Volume 1, John &Wiley Sons Ltd.
21. Sirgy, M.J., Efraty, D., Siegel, P., Lee, D.J. (2001). A New Measure of Quality of Work Life (QWL) Based on Need Satisfaction and Spillover Theories. Social Indicators Research, Vol.55, 241-302.
22. Surienty, L., Ramayah, T., Lo, M. C., Tarmizi, A.N. (2014). Quality of Work Life an Turnover Intention: A Partial Least Square (PLS) Approach. Social Indicators Research, Vol.119, 405-420.
23. Timossi, L. S., Pedroso, B., Francisco, A. C., Pilatti, L. A. (2008). “Evaluation of quality of work life: An adaptation of from the Walton’s QWL Model”. XIV International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management, 13-16 October, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.
24. Van Dyne, L., Pierce, J. L. (2004). Psychological Ownership and Feelings of Possession: Three Field Studies Predicting Employee Attitudes and Organizational Citizenship Behavior. Journal of Organizational Behavior, Vol.25, 439-459.
25. Walton, R. E. (1974). Improving the quality of work life. Harvard Business Review.
26. Walton, R. E. (1975). Criteria for quality of working life. In L. E. Davis, A. B. Cherns (Eds.), The quality of working, Vol. 1 (pp. 91–104). New York: The Free Press, Life.
27. Witt, L. A. (1991). Exchange ideology as a moderator of the job attitudes-organizational citizenship behaviors relationships. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, Vol.21, 1490-1501
28. Witt, L. A., Kacmar, M., Andrews, M. C. (2001). The interactive effects of procedural justice and exchange ideology on supervisor-rated commitment. Journal of Organizational Behavior, Vol.22, 505-515.