Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster
Yıl 2018, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 153 - 166, 30.12.2018

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Akay, Ebru Çağlayan. 2018. “Ekonometride Yeni Bir Ufuk: Büyük Veri ve Makine Öğrenmesi” Social Sciences Research Journal 7 (2): 41-53.Altunışık, Remzi. 2015. “Büyük Veri: Fırsatlar Kaynağı mı Yoksa Yeni Sorunlar Yumağı mı?” Yıldız Social Science Review 1 (1): 45-76.Anderson, Chris. 2008. “The End of Theory: The Data Deluge Makes the Scientific Method Obsolete” Wired. 23 Mayıs.Arthur, W. Brian, Yu M. Ermoliev ve Yu M. Kaniovski. 1987. “Non-linear Urn Processes: Aysmptotic Behavior and Application” International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis Working Paper WP 87-85.Barrowman, Nick. 2014. “Correlation, Causation, and Confusion” The New Atlantis: A Journal of Technology and Society 43: 22-44.Bellis, Nicola de. 2009. Bibliometrics and Citation Analysis: From the Science Citation Index to Cybermetrics. Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press.Butler, Judith, Ernesto Laclau ve Slavoj Žižek (Der.) 2000. Contingency, Hegemony, and Universality: Contemporary Dialogues on the Left. Londra: Verso.Cadwalladr, Carole. 2017. “Revealed: How US Billionaire Helped to Back Brexit” The Guardian. 26 Şubat.Cadwalladr, Carole. 2017. “Robert Mercer: The Big Data Billionaire Waging War on Mainstream Media” The Guardian. 26 Şubat.Cadwalladr, Carole. 2017. “The Great British Brexit Robbery: How Our Democracy was Hijacked” The Guardian. 7 Mayıs.Chang, Ha-Joon. 2002. Kicking Away the Ladder: Development Strategy in Historical Perspective. London: Anthem Press.Davis, John B. ve Wade Hands. 2017. “Symposium on Big Data: An Introduction” Journal of Economic Methodology 24 (4): 359-360.Dewey, John. 1920 [1950] Reconstruction in Philosophy. New York: Mentor BooksDewey, John. 1938. Logic: The Theory of Inquiry. New York: Henry Holt and Co.Doctorow, Cory. 2014 [2017]. Özgür ve Bedava: İnternet Çağında Bilgi. Çev.: Berkan M. Şimşek. İstanbul: Koç Üniversitesi Yayınları.EC. 2011. “A Single Market for Intellectual Property Rights Boosting Creativity and Innovation to Provide Economic Growth, High Quality Jobs and First Class Products and Services in Europe” Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions. Brussels.Einav, Liran ve Jonathan Levin. 2014. “Economics in the Age of Big Data” Science 36 DOI: 10.1126/science.1243089.Elster, Jon. 1989. Nuts and Bolts for Social Sciences. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Eren, Ercan ve Serçin Şahin (Der.) 2017. Kompleksite ve İktisat. Ankara: Efil Yay.Fraasen, Bas C. van. 1980. The Scientific Image. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Gutmann, Myron P., Emily Klancher Merchant ve Evan Roberts. 2018. “ ‘Big Data’ in Economic History” Journal of Economic History 78 (1): 268-299Hands, D. Wade. 2004. “Pragmatism, Knowledge, and Economic Science: Deweyan Pragmatic Philosophy and Contemporary Economic Methodology” içinde: Elias L. Khalil (Der.) Dewey, Pragmatism, and Economic Methodology. London: Routledge: 255-270.Harle, Christopher A., Joshua R. Vest ve Nir Menachemi. 2016. “Using Bibliometric Big Data to Analyze Faculty Research Productivity in Health Policy and Management” Journal of Health Administration Education 33 (2): 285-293.Hulme, E. Wyndham. 1923. Statistical Bibliography in Relation to the Growth of Modern Civilization. London: Butler and Tanner Grafton & Co.Hume, David. 1748 [1999]. An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding. Der.: Tom. L. Beauchamp. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Kasap, Orçun ve Altuğ Yalçıntaş. 2018. “Commodification 2.0: How Spotify Provides Its Services for Free” Whatever Has Happened to Political Economy? başlıklı 15th STOREP Annual Conference’ta sunulan bildiri. Genova, 28-30 Haziran.Khalil, Elias L. 2003. “The Context Problematic, Behavioral Economics, and the Transactional View: An Introduction to ‘John Dewey and Economic Theory’” Journal of Economic Methodology 10 (2): 107-130.Klamer, Arjo. 1987. “As if Economists and Their Subjects were Rational” içinde: John Nelson, Allan Megill ve Deirdre N. McCloskey (Der.) The Rhetoric of the Human Sciences. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press: 163-183. Lawson, Tony. 1997. Economics and Reality. London: Routledge.Malthus, Thomas Robert. 1798 [1976]. An Essay on the Principle of Population. Harmondsworth: Penguin Book, 73-80.Mayer-Schönberger, Viktor ve Kenneth Cukier. 2013. Big Data: A Revolution that will Transform How We Live, Work, and Think. Boston ve New York: Mariner Books.McCloskey, Deirdre N. 1985. The Rhetoric of Economics. Madison, Wisconsin: The University of Wisconsin Press.McCloskey, Deirdre N. 1990. “Storytelling in Economics” içinde: Christopher Nash (Der.) Narrative in Culture: The Uses of Storytelling in the Sciences, Philosophy, and Literature. London: Routledge: 5-22.McCloskey, Deirdre N. 1994. Knowledge and Persuasion in Economics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.McCloskey, Deirdre N. ve Arjo Klamer. 1995. “One Quarter of GDP is Persuasion” American Economic Review 85 (2): 191-195.Mirowski, Phil. 2004. “The Scientific Dimensions of Social Knowledge and Their Distant Echoes in 20th Centurty American Philosophy of Science” Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 35: 283-326.Mirowski, Philip. 2011. Science-Mart: Privatizing American Science. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Mӓki, Uskali. 1992. “On the Method of Isolation in Economics” içinde C. Dilworth (Der.) Idealization IV: Structuralism, Intelligibility in Science. Amsterdam ve Atlanta, GA: Rodopi, 317-351.Moed, Henk F., Marc Luwel ve Cinzia Daraio. 2014. “Scientometrics as Big Data Science: On Integration of Data Sources and the Problem of Different Types of Classification Systems” OECD Work, 25 Mart http://www.oecd.org/sti/inno/4.2.%20Henk%20Moed.pdf [Erişim Tarihi: Ekim 2018].Morley, Katie. 2017. “Equifax Hack: 44 Million Britons’ Personal Details Feared Stolen in Major US Data Breach” The Telegraph. 8 Eylül.Peters, Michael A. ve Ergin Bulut (Der.) 2014. Bilişsel Kapitalizm! Eğitim ve Dijital Emek. Ankara: NotaBene Yayınları.Pritchard, Alan. 1969. “Statistical Bibliography or Bibliometrics?” Journal of Documentation 25 (4): 348-349. Psillos, Stathis. 2002. Causation and Explanation. London: Routledge.Ritzer, Georg ve Nathan Jurgenson. 2010. “Production, Consumption, Prosumption: The Nature of Capitalism in the Age of the Digital ‘Prosumer’” Journal of Consumer Culture 10 (1): 13-36.Reiss, Julian. 2013. Philosophy of Economics: A Contemporary Introduction. London: Routledge.Rorty, Richard. 1989. Contingency, Irony, and Solidarity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Rosenberg, Matthew, Nicholas Confessore ve Carole Cadwalladr. 2018. “How Trump Consultants Exploited the Facebook Data” The New York Times. 17 Mart.Ruben, Ester, Özge Gökdemir, Devrim Dumludağ ve Levent Neyse (Der.) 2015. İktisatta Davranışsal Yaklaşımlar. Ankara: İmge Kitabevi.Shiller, Robert. 2017. “Economics and the Instinct for Storytelling” Chicago Booth Review http://review.chicagobooth.edu/economics/2017/article/economics-and-human-instinct-storytelling [Erişim Tarihi: Şubat 2018].Sosa, Ernest ve Michael Tooley (Der.) Causation. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Stephan, Paula. 2015. How Economics Shapes Science. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Uzgören, Ergün ve İlhan Korkmaz. 2015. “Sosyal Medya Ekonomisinin Mikro İktisadi Temelleri Üzerine Bir İnceleme” Optimum Ekonomi ve Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi 2 (1): 63-73.Varian, Hal R. 2014. “Big Data: New Tricks for Econometrics” Journal of Economic Perspectives 28 (2): 3-28Veblen, Thorstein. 1898. “Why is Economics not an Evolutionary Social Science?” Quarterly Journal of Economics 12 (3): 373-397.Wible, James R. 1994. “Charles Sanders Peirce’s Economy of Research” Journal of Economic Methodology 1 (1): 135-160.Wright, Sewall. 1921. “Correlation and Causation” Journal of Agricultural Research 20 (7): 557-585.Yalçıntaş, Altuğ. 2018. Bırakınız Kopyalasınlar, Bırakınız Paylaşsınlar: Dijitalleşme ve İnternet Çağında Fikri Mülkiyet İlişkileri. Birinci Edisyon (EPUB). Open Science Framework. https://osf.io/as8pc/ [Erişim Tarihi: Ekim 2018].Ziliak, Stephen T. ve Deirdre N. McCloskey. 2008. The Cult of Statistical Significance: How the Standard Error Costs Us Jobs, Justice, and Lives. Chicago: Chicago University Press.

n≥30 vs. n=all: Büyük Veri, Veri Obezitesi ve Kaybolan Nedensellikler

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 153 - 166, 30.12.2018

Öz

Büyük veri analizleri sayesinde, gerçekçi olmayan varsayımlar (ya da
varsanımlar) üzerine kurulu olduğu için eleştirilen iktisat biliminin, bu
eleştiriye karşı bir çözüme kavuştuğu düşünülebilir. Ben bu yazıda bu düşüncenin
doğru olmadığını savunuyorum. Bunun sebebi, büyük veri analizlerinin n=100 olacak şekilde her türlü veriyi
aynı anda işleme tabi tutan modellerinde, aslında, değişkenler arasında nedensellikleren
ziyade, korelasyonel ilişkiler arıyor olmasıdır. Büyük veri analistleri, en işe
yarar sonuçlara ulaşmak için mümkün olan en büyük veriye, tercihen tüm veriye ihtiyaç
duyduklarında, bu, analistleri sadece birer veri
obezi
haline getirmez; aynı zamanda, iktisatta (ve genel olarak bilimlerde)
nedenselliklere kör bir amprisizmin yaygınlaşmasına ve yerleşmesine de neden
olur. Büyük veri analistleri, her ne kadar, örneklemler üzerinden yapılan
araştırmaların kısıtlayıcı doğasını aşıyor gibi görünse de, bu süreçte, gerçek
nedenlerin peşine düşmeyi bırakmış olurlar. Başka bir ifadeyle, büyük veri
analizlerinde “sebepler,” bir anlamda, ortadan kaybolmuştur. Büyük veri
analistleri için önemli olan, bir olayın niçin
meydana geldiği sorusu değil, hangi
olayların meydana geldiği sorusudur.

Kaynakça

  • Akay, Ebru Çağlayan. 2018. “Ekonometride Yeni Bir Ufuk: Büyük Veri ve Makine Öğrenmesi” Social Sciences Research Journal 7 (2): 41-53.Altunışık, Remzi. 2015. “Büyük Veri: Fırsatlar Kaynağı mı Yoksa Yeni Sorunlar Yumağı mı?” Yıldız Social Science Review 1 (1): 45-76.Anderson, Chris. 2008. “The End of Theory: The Data Deluge Makes the Scientific Method Obsolete” Wired. 23 Mayıs.Arthur, W. Brian, Yu M. Ermoliev ve Yu M. Kaniovski. 1987. “Non-linear Urn Processes: Aysmptotic Behavior and Application” International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis Working Paper WP 87-85.Barrowman, Nick. 2014. “Correlation, Causation, and Confusion” The New Atlantis: A Journal of Technology and Society 43: 22-44.Bellis, Nicola de. 2009. Bibliometrics and Citation Analysis: From the Science Citation Index to Cybermetrics. Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press.Butler, Judith, Ernesto Laclau ve Slavoj Žižek (Der.) 2000. Contingency, Hegemony, and Universality: Contemporary Dialogues on the Left. Londra: Verso.Cadwalladr, Carole. 2017. “Revealed: How US Billionaire Helped to Back Brexit” The Guardian. 26 Şubat.Cadwalladr, Carole. 2017. “Robert Mercer: The Big Data Billionaire Waging War on Mainstream Media” The Guardian. 26 Şubat.Cadwalladr, Carole. 2017. “The Great British Brexit Robbery: How Our Democracy was Hijacked” The Guardian. 7 Mayıs.Chang, Ha-Joon. 2002. Kicking Away the Ladder: Development Strategy in Historical Perspective. London: Anthem Press.Davis, John B. ve Wade Hands. 2017. “Symposium on Big Data: An Introduction” Journal of Economic Methodology 24 (4): 359-360.Dewey, John. 1920 [1950] Reconstruction in Philosophy. New York: Mentor BooksDewey, John. 1938. Logic: The Theory of Inquiry. New York: Henry Holt and Co.Doctorow, Cory. 2014 [2017]. Özgür ve Bedava: İnternet Çağında Bilgi. Çev.: Berkan M. Şimşek. İstanbul: Koç Üniversitesi Yayınları.EC. 2011. “A Single Market for Intellectual Property Rights Boosting Creativity and Innovation to Provide Economic Growth, High Quality Jobs and First Class Products and Services in Europe” Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions. Brussels.Einav, Liran ve Jonathan Levin. 2014. “Economics in the Age of Big Data” Science 36 DOI: 10.1126/science.1243089.Elster, Jon. 1989. Nuts and Bolts for Social Sciences. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Eren, Ercan ve Serçin Şahin (Der.) 2017. Kompleksite ve İktisat. Ankara: Efil Yay.Fraasen, Bas C. van. 1980. The Scientific Image. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Gutmann, Myron P., Emily Klancher Merchant ve Evan Roberts. 2018. “ ‘Big Data’ in Economic History” Journal of Economic History 78 (1): 268-299Hands, D. Wade. 2004. “Pragmatism, Knowledge, and Economic Science: Deweyan Pragmatic Philosophy and Contemporary Economic Methodology” içinde: Elias L. Khalil (Der.) Dewey, Pragmatism, and Economic Methodology. London: Routledge: 255-270.Harle, Christopher A., Joshua R. Vest ve Nir Menachemi. 2016. “Using Bibliometric Big Data to Analyze Faculty Research Productivity in Health Policy and Management” Journal of Health Administration Education 33 (2): 285-293.Hulme, E. Wyndham. 1923. Statistical Bibliography in Relation to the Growth of Modern Civilization. London: Butler and Tanner Grafton & Co.Hume, David. 1748 [1999]. An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding. Der.: Tom. L. Beauchamp. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Kasap, Orçun ve Altuğ Yalçıntaş. 2018. “Commodification 2.0: How Spotify Provides Its Services for Free” Whatever Has Happened to Political Economy? başlıklı 15th STOREP Annual Conference’ta sunulan bildiri. Genova, 28-30 Haziran.Khalil, Elias L. 2003. “The Context Problematic, Behavioral Economics, and the Transactional View: An Introduction to ‘John Dewey and Economic Theory’” Journal of Economic Methodology 10 (2): 107-130.Klamer, Arjo. 1987. “As if Economists and Their Subjects were Rational” içinde: John Nelson, Allan Megill ve Deirdre N. McCloskey (Der.) The Rhetoric of the Human Sciences. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press: 163-183. Lawson, Tony. 1997. Economics and Reality. London: Routledge.Malthus, Thomas Robert. 1798 [1976]. An Essay on the Principle of Population. Harmondsworth: Penguin Book, 73-80.Mayer-Schönberger, Viktor ve Kenneth Cukier. 2013. Big Data: A Revolution that will Transform How We Live, Work, and Think. Boston ve New York: Mariner Books.McCloskey, Deirdre N. 1985. The Rhetoric of Economics. Madison, Wisconsin: The University of Wisconsin Press.McCloskey, Deirdre N. 1990. “Storytelling in Economics” içinde: Christopher Nash (Der.) Narrative in Culture: The Uses of Storytelling in the Sciences, Philosophy, and Literature. London: Routledge: 5-22.McCloskey, Deirdre N. 1994. Knowledge and Persuasion in Economics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.McCloskey, Deirdre N. ve Arjo Klamer. 1995. “One Quarter of GDP is Persuasion” American Economic Review 85 (2): 191-195.Mirowski, Phil. 2004. “The Scientific Dimensions of Social Knowledge and Their Distant Echoes in 20th Centurty American Philosophy of Science” Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 35: 283-326.Mirowski, Philip. 2011. Science-Mart: Privatizing American Science. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Mӓki, Uskali. 1992. “On the Method of Isolation in Economics” içinde C. Dilworth (Der.) Idealization IV: Structuralism, Intelligibility in Science. Amsterdam ve Atlanta, GA: Rodopi, 317-351.Moed, Henk F., Marc Luwel ve Cinzia Daraio. 2014. “Scientometrics as Big Data Science: On Integration of Data Sources and the Problem of Different Types of Classification Systems” OECD Work, 25 Mart http://www.oecd.org/sti/inno/4.2.%20Henk%20Moed.pdf [Erişim Tarihi: Ekim 2018].Morley, Katie. 2017. “Equifax Hack: 44 Million Britons’ Personal Details Feared Stolen in Major US Data Breach” The Telegraph. 8 Eylül.Peters, Michael A. ve Ergin Bulut (Der.) 2014. Bilişsel Kapitalizm! Eğitim ve Dijital Emek. Ankara: NotaBene Yayınları.Pritchard, Alan. 1969. “Statistical Bibliography or Bibliometrics?” Journal of Documentation 25 (4): 348-349. Psillos, Stathis. 2002. Causation and Explanation. London: Routledge.Ritzer, Georg ve Nathan Jurgenson. 2010. “Production, Consumption, Prosumption: The Nature of Capitalism in the Age of the Digital ‘Prosumer’” Journal of Consumer Culture 10 (1): 13-36.Reiss, Julian. 2013. Philosophy of Economics: A Contemporary Introduction. London: Routledge.Rorty, Richard. 1989. Contingency, Irony, and Solidarity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Rosenberg, Matthew, Nicholas Confessore ve Carole Cadwalladr. 2018. “How Trump Consultants Exploited the Facebook Data” The New York Times. 17 Mart.Ruben, Ester, Özge Gökdemir, Devrim Dumludağ ve Levent Neyse (Der.) 2015. İktisatta Davranışsal Yaklaşımlar. Ankara: İmge Kitabevi.Shiller, Robert. 2017. “Economics and the Instinct for Storytelling” Chicago Booth Review http://review.chicagobooth.edu/economics/2017/article/economics-and-human-instinct-storytelling [Erişim Tarihi: Şubat 2018].Sosa, Ernest ve Michael Tooley (Der.) Causation. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Stephan, Paula. 2015. How Economics Shapes Science. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Uzgören, Ergün ve İlhan Korkmaz. 2015. “Sosyal Medya Ekonomisinin Mikro İktisadi Temelleri Üzerine Bir İnceleme” Optimum Ekonomi ve Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi 2 (1): 63-73.Varian, Hal R. 2014. “Big Data: New Tricks for Econometrics” Journal of Economic Perspectives 28 (2): 3-28Veblen, Thorstein. 1898. “Why is Economics not an Evolutionary Social Science?” Quarterly Journal of Economics 12 (3): 373-397.Wible, James R. 1994. “Charles Sanders Peirce’s Economy of Research” Journal of Economic Methodology 1 (1): 135-160.Wright, Sewall. 1921. “Correlation and Causation” Journal of Agricultural Research 20 (7): 557-585.Yalçıntaş, Altuğ. 2018. Bırakınız Kopyalasınlar, Bırakınız Paylaşsınlar: Dijitalleşme ve İnternet Çağında Fikri Mülkiyet İlişkileri. Birinci Edisyon (EPUB). Open Science Framework. https://osf.io/as8pc/ [Erişim Tarihi: Ekim 2018].Ziliak, Stephen T. ve Deirdre N. McCloskey. 2008. The Cult of Statistical Significance: How the Standard Error Costs Us Jobs, Justice, and Lives. Chicago: Chicago University Press.
Toplam 1 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Altuğ Yalçıntaş 0000-0002-3344-0497

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Aralık 2018
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2018 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Yalçıntaş, A. (2018). n≥30 vs. n=all: Büyük Veri, Veri Obezitesi ve Kaybolan Nedensellikler. Yildiz Social Science Review, 4(2), 153-166.