Öz
This article aims to examine Critical Race Feminism along with its origins,
characteristics, prominent analytical tools, and approaches to some current
issues. To this end, the research, which is planned as an up-to-date
descriptive study, first examines the relationship of Critical Race Feminism
with several pioneering movements such as Critical Legal Studies, Critical
Race Theory, and Feminist Legal Theory. After discussing its shared
characteristics with these movements, and the different features that justified
its emergence, the main analytical contributions offered by Critical Race
Feminism such as intersectionality and anti-essentialism are presented. First,
the theme of anti-essentialism, which is based on the critique of essentialism
that critical race feminists directed both at anti-racist discourse and Feminist
Legal Theory is discussed. In this context, critical race feminists' critique of
the anti-racist discourse in which the experiences of men of color stand out,
as well as the critique they directed at the feminist jurisprudence where the
experiences of white women are taken as a basis are presented. This is
followed by the examination of the concept of intersectionality, which critical
race feminists use to address the specific experiences of women of color that
former critical approaches have ignored. Following the examination of
Critical Race Feminism's leading analytical tools, its approach to several
current issues is scrutinized. In this context, the insights that critical race
feminists offered into the COVID-19 pandemic, the Black Lives Matter
movement, and the U.S. Supreme Court decision that ended affirmative action
in college admissions are explored. In this way, the article aims to present a
general and updated description of Critical Race Feminism, which is one of
the current representatives of the critical legal tradition that started in the
1970s.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Critical Race Feminism intersectionality anti-essentialism Critical Race Theory Feminist Legal Theory
Kaynakça
- Binder G, ‘Critical Legal Studies’ in Dennis Patterson (ed), A Companion to Philosophy of Law and Legal Theory (2nd edn, Wiley-Blackwell 2010).
- Crenshaw K, ‘Mapping the Margins: Intersectionality, Identity Politics, and Violence Against Women of Color’ (Jul., 1991) Vol 43 No. 6 Stanford Law Review, 1241-1299.
- Crenshaw K ‘Demarginalizing the Intersection of Race and Sex: A Black Feminist Critique of Antidiscrimination Doctrine, Feminist Theory, and Antiracist Politics’ in Adrien Katherine Wing (ed), Critical Race Feminism: A Reader (2nd edn, New York University Press 2003).
- Crenshaw K, “I Worked With Anita Hill to Fight Clarence Thomas’ Confirmation. Our Worst Fears Came True.” (Politico, June 30 2023) Date Accessed 16 September 2023 <https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2023/06/30/anita-hill-clarencethomas- supreme-court-affirmative-action-00104387>
- Delgado R and Stefancic J, Critical Race Theory: An Introduction (New York University Press 2001).
- Duran A and Jones SB, ‘Chapter 41: Intersectionality’, Encyclopedia of Critical Whiteness Studies in Education (Brill 28 Nov 2020).
- Edmundson WA, ‘Introduction’ in Martin P Golding and William A Edmundson (eds), The Blackwell Guide to Philosophy of Law and Legal Theory (Blackwell Publishing 2005).
- Harris AP, ‘Race and Essentialism in Feminist Legal Theory’ in Adrien Katherine Wing (ed), Critical Race Feminism: A Reader (2nd edn, New York University Press 2003).
- Harris AP, ‘Critical Race Theory’ in Reza Banakar and Max Travers (eds), Law and Social Theory (2nd edn, Hart Publishing 2013).
- Roberts DE, ‘Critical race feminism’ in Robin West and Cynthia Grant Bowman (eds), Research Handbook on Feminist Jurisprudence (Edward Elgar Publishing 2019).
- Taylor B, ‘Chapter 3: Alt-Right’ Encyclopedia of Critical Whiteness Studies in Education (Brill, 28 Nov 2020).
- Wing AK, ‘Global Critical Race Feminism: Post 9-11 Afghanistan’ (2002) 10 WASH. U. J. L. & POL’Y, 19-39.
- Wing AK, ‘Introduction’ in Adrien Katherine Wing (ed), Critical Race Feminism: A Reader (2nd edn, New York University Press 2003).
- Wing AK, ‘Critical race feminism (Chapter 9)’ in Karim Murji and John Solomos (eds), Theories of Race and Ethnicity: Contemporary Debates and Perspectives (Cambridge University Press 2014).
- Wing AK, ‘Critical Race Feminism’ in Miriam E David and Marilyn J Amey (eds), The SAGE Encyclopedia of Higher Education (SAGE Publications 2020).
- Wing AK, and Pappalardo C, ‘Critical Race Feminism: A Different Approach to Feminist Theory’ in Dragica Vujadinović, Antonio Álvarez del Cuvillo and Susanne Strand (eds), Feminist Approaches to Law: Theoretical and Historical Insights (Springer 2023).
Öz
Bu makale 1990’lı yıllarda gelişen Eleştirel Irk Feminizmini kökenleri,
karakteristikleri, öne çıkan analitik araçları ve kimi yakın tarihli gelişmeler
karşısındaki tutumuyla birlikte ele almayı amaçlamaktadır. Güncel bir
betimleyici çalışma olarak planlanan araştırmada öncelikle Eleştirel Irk
Feminizminin Eleştirel Hukuk Çalışmaları, Eleştirel Irk Teorisi ve Feminist
Hukuk Teorisi gibi öncü hareketlerle ilişkisi incelenmiştir. Bu hareketlerle
ortak yanları ele alındıktan sonra teorinin ortaya çıkmasına gerekçe
oluşturan farklı özellikleri ve kesişimsellik ile anti özcülük gibi temel analitik
katkıları üzerinde durulmuştur. Öncelikle eleştirel ırk feministlerinin hem
Irkçılık Karşıtı Harekete hem de Feminist Hukuk Teorisine getirdikleri özcü
eleştiriye temellenen anti özcülük teması ele alınmıştır. Bu bağlamda eleştirel
ırk feministlerinin, ezilen özne olarak beyaz olmayan erkeklerin
deneyimlerinin öne çıktığı ırkçılık karşıtı söyleme ve temel özne olarak beyaz
kadınların deneyimlerinin baz alındığı Feminist Hukuk Teorisine getirdikleri
eleştirilere yer verilmiştir. Ardından eleştirel ırk feministlerinin, bu öncü
eleştirel yaklaşımların ihmal ettiği beyaz olmayan kadınların özgül
deneyimlerini açıklamak için başvurduğu kesişimsellik kavramı üzerinde
durulmuştur. Eleştirel Irk Feminizminin önde gelen analitik araçları ele
alındıktan sonra yakın tarihli bazı gelişmeler karşısındaki tutumu
incelenmiştir. Bu bağlamda, COVID-19 pandemisi, Black Lives Matter
Hareketi ve üniversiteye girişlerde pozitif ayrımcılık uygulamasını iptal eden ABD Federal Yüksek Mahkemesi kararı gibi güncel gelişmelere ilişkin
Eleştirel Irk Feminizmi analizlerine yer verilmiştir. Böylelikle hukuk
biliminde 1970’li yıllarda başlayan eleştirel geleneğin günümüzdeki
temsilcilerinden biri olan Eleştirel Irk Feminizminin, genel ve güncel bir
tasvirinin ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Eleştirel Irk Feminizmi kesişimsellik anti özcülük Eleştirel Irk Teorisi Feminist Hukuk Teorisi
Kaynakça
- Binder G, ‘Critical Legal Studies’ in Dennis Patterson (ed), A Companion to Philosophy of Law and Legal Theory (2nd edn, Wiley-Blackwell 2010).
- Crenshaw K, ‘Mapping the Margins: Intersectionality, Identity Politics, and Violence Against Women of Color’ (Jul., 1991) Vol 43 No. 6 Stanford Law Review, 1241-1299.
- Crenshaw K ‘Demarginalizing the Intersection of Race and Sex: A Black Feminist Critique of Antidiscrimination Doctrine, Feminist Theory, and Antiracist Politics’ in Adrien Katherine Wing (ed), Critical Race Feminism: A Reader (2nd edn, New York University Press 2003).
- Crenshaw K, “I Worked With Anita Hill to Fight Clarence Thomas’ Confirmation. Our Worst Fears Came True.” (Politico, June 30 2023) Date Accessed 16 September 2023 <https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2023/06/30/anita-hill-clarencethomas- supreme-court-affirmative-action-00104387>
- Delgado R and Stefancic J, Critical Race Theory: An Introduction (New York University Press 2001).
- Duran A and Jones SB, ‘Chapter 41: Intersectionality’, Encyclopedia of Critical Whiteness Studies in Education (Brill 28 Nov 2020).
- Edmundson WA, ‘Introduction’ in Martin P Golding and William A Edmundson (eds), The Blackwell Guide to Philosophy of Law and Legal Theory (Blackwell Publishing 2005).
- Harris AP, ‘Race and Essentialism in Feminist Legal Theory’ in Adrien Katherine Wing (ed), Critical Race Feminism: A Reader (2nd edn, New York University Press 2003).
- Harris AP, ‘Critical Race Theory’ in Reza Banakar and Max Travers (eds), Law and Social Theory (2nd edn, Hart Publishing 2013).
- Roberts DE, ‘Critical race feminism’ in Robin West and Cynthia Grant Bowman (eds), Research Handbook on Feminist Jurisprudence (Edward Elgar Publishing 2019).
- Taylor B, ‘Chapter 3: Alt-Right’ Encyclopedia of Critical Whiteness Studies in Education (Brill, 28 Nov 2020).
- Wing AK, ‘Global Critical Race Feminism: Post 9-11 Afghanistan’ (2002) 10 WASH. U. J. L. & POL’Y, 19-39.
- Wing AK, ‘Introduction’ in Adrien Katherine Wing (ed), Critical Race Feminism: A Reader (2nd edn, New York University Press 2003).
- Wing AK, ‘Critical race feminism (Chapter 9)’ in Karim Murji and John Solomos (eds), Theories of Race and Ethnicity: Contemporary Debates and Perspectives (Cambridge University Press 2014).
- Wing AK, ‘Critical Race Feminism’ in Miriam E David and Marilyn J Amey (eds), The SAGE Encyclopedia of Higher Education (SAGE Publications 2020).
- Wing AK, and Pappalardo C, ‘Critical Race Feminism: A Different Approach to Feminist Theory’ in Dragica Vujadinović, Antonio Álvarez del Cuvillo and Susanne Strand (eds), Feminist Approaches to Law: Theoretical and Historical Insights (Springer 2023).
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Irk, Etnisite ve Hukuk |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makaleleri |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 27 Mart 2024 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 2 Kasım 2023 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 2 Ocak 2024 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2024 Cilt: 21 Sayı: 1 |