Öğrencilerin kitlesel açık erişim çevrimiçi derslerdeki kazanımları: Ders tasarımına yönelik bazı öneriler

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1, 46 - 71, 01.04.2017

Olga Pilli Wilfried Admiraal

Öz

Üçüncü nesil uzaktan eğitim kapsamında kitlesel açık erişim çevrimiçi dersler (massive open online courses, MOOC'lar) sayesinde yüksek öğrenimde herkes istediği yerden ücretsiz eğitim alabilmektedir. Son yıllarda, eğitimde MOOC'ların yeri üzerine birçok çalışma yapılmıştır, ancak öğrencilerin kazanımları üzerine olan çalışmalar sınırlıdır. Bu çalışmada, açık erişim çevrimiçi derslerin tasarlanmasına yönelik birtakım önerileri belirlemek amacıyla, öğrencilerin MOOC'lardaki kazanımlarına ilişkin literatürü gözden geçirildi. İnceleme, bilimsel literatür veritabanlarının sistematik olarak araştırılmasının ardından, 3P (presage [öngörü], process [süreç] ve product [ürün]) öğretim ve öğrenim modelinin temel bileşenlerine yönelik eleştirel bir analizle gerçekleştirildi (Biggs, 2003). 56 yayının bulguları sentezlenerek, öğrencilerin katılımını ve akademik başarıyı geliştirmek ve terk etme oranlarını düşürmek amacıyla 13 ders tasarımı önerisi geliştirildi. Gerek ileriki araştırmalarda incelenmek üzere gerek ise de MOOC'ların mevcut içeriğini geliştirerek ve zenginleştirerek öğrenim kazanımlarını en iyi hale getirmek için bazı uygulama önerileri sunuldu.

Anahtar Kelimeler

3P modeli, başarı, değerlendirme, katılım, öğrenim kazanımları.

Students' Learning Outcomes in Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs): Some Suggestions for Course Design

Öz

Massive open online courses (MOOCs) as a third generation distance education enable anyone anywhere to study for free in higher education. In recent years, various studies have been conducted on the position of MOOCs in education, but studies on students' learning outcomes are limited. In this study, literature concerning students' learning outcomes in MOOCs was explored with the aim of identifying a set of suggestions to design open online courses. The review was accomplished through a systematic search within scientific literature databases followed by a critical analysis with the main components of 3P (presage-process-product) model of teaching and learning (Biggs, 2003). Findings of the 56 publications were synthesized which resulted in the formulation of 13 course design suggestions in order to enhance students' engagement, academic achievement and lower attrition rate attrition. Some implications are proposed for further research and for providers to improve and enrich the current context of MOOCs to optimize students' learning outcomes.

Anahtar Kelimeler

3P model, achievement, assessment, engagement, learning outcomes.

Kaynakça

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