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Tohumların Çimlendirilmesinde Farklı Organik Ön Çimlendirme (Ozmotik Koşullandırma) Uygulamalarının Kullanımı

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 21 Sayı: 2, 124 - 134, 30.12.2016

Öz

Çimlenme ve çıkış esnasında olabilecek çeşitli olumsuzlukları gidermek, yeterli miktarda fide sayısı ve verim elde edebilmek amacıyla tohumlar ekim öncesi genel olarak ozmotik koşullandırma (ön çimlendirme) adı verilen çeşitli uygulamalara tabi tutulmaktadırlar. Çimlenmenin iyileştirilmesi olarak adlandırılan bu aşama; ön çimlendirme, osmotik koşullandırma veya osmotik tohum uygulamaları gibi terimlerle ifade edilir. Bu geleneksel ve kimyasal yoğun yöntemlere kaşı son zamanlarda alternatif doğa dostu, temiz, ucuz ve en önemlisi bitkisel kaynaklı uygulamalar, ki bunlar organik ozmotik koşullandırma olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Çalışmada bu yöntemlerden bazıları; deniz yosunu, tıbbi bitkiler ekstraktları, sirke, uçucu yağlar ile ozmotik koşullandırma uygulamaları ele alınmıştır. 

Kaynakça

  • Angelini, G.L., Giovanna, C, Cioni P.L., Morelli, I., Macchia, M., Flamini, G., 2003. Essential Oils from Mediterranean Lamiaceae as Weed Germination Inhibitors J. Agric. Food Chem. 2003, 51, 6158-6164
  • Anonim, 2015a. Organik Tarımın Esasları ve Uygulanmasına İlişkin Yönetmelik.
  • Anonim, 2015b. Maxicrop Ürün Özellikleri. Maxicrop Homepage, http://www.maxicrop.co.uk/
  • Ashraf, M., Foolad, M.R., 2005. Pre-sowing seed treatment-a shotgun approach to improve germination, plant growth, and crop yield under
  • saline and non-saline conditions. Advances in Agronomy. 88: 223-271.
  • Atak, M., Mavi, K., Üremiş, İ., 2016. Bio-Herbicidal Effects of Oregano and Rosemary Essential Oils on Germination and Seedling Growth of Bread Wheat Cultivars and Weeds. Romanian Biotechnological Letters. Vol. 21, No. 1
  • Azirak, S., Karaman, S., 2008. Allelopathic effect of some essential oils and components on germination of weed species. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Section B _ Soil and Plant Science. 58: 88_92
  • Basra, S.M.A., Farooq, M., Tabassum, R., 2005. Physiological and biochemical aspects of seed vigor enhancement treatments in fine rice (Oryza sativa L.). Seed Sci. Technol. 33: 623–628
  • Basra, S.M.A., Iftikhar, M.N., Afzal, I. 2011. Potential of moringa (Moringa oleifera) leaf extract as priming agent for hybrid maize seeds. Int. J. Agric. Biol. 13: 1006–1010.
  • Bewley, J.D., Black, M., 1985. Seeds: Physiology of Development and Germination. Plenum Press New York 367 p
  • Borgen, A., Nielsen, B., 2001. Effect of seed treatment with acetic acid in control of seed borne diseases. In: Biddle, A.J. (Ed.) Proceedings of the BCPC Symposium No. 76: “Seed Treatment: Challenges & Opportunities”, Farnham, 76, British Crop Protection Council, no. 76.
  • Bradford, K.J., 1986. Manipulation of seed water relations via osmotic priming to improve germination under stress conditions. Hortscience. 21:1105-1112.
  • Blunden, G., 1991. Agricultural uses of seaweeds and seaweed extracts. pp:65-81. In Guiry & Blunden, 1991, q.v.
  • Blunden, G., Jenkins, T.,Liu, Y., 1997. Enhanced leaf chlorophyll levels in plants treated with seaweed extract. Journal of Applied Phycology. 8: 535-543.
  • Blunden, G., Tyihak, E., 2009. The biochemical basis of immunity of plants treated with seaweed extracts. The Phycologist. 76: 14.
  • Corbineau, F., Come, D., 1990. Effects of priming on the germination of Valerianella olitoria seeds in relation with temperature and oxygen. Acta Horticulturae. 267: 191-197.
  • Coşkun, G., Gülşen, O., Demirkaya, M., 2016. Çerezlik Kabak Tohumlarında Bazı Ön Uygulamaların Çimlenme Üzerine Etkileri. Erciyes Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi. 32(1):48-53
  • Craigie, J.S., 2011. Seaweed extract stimuli in plant science and agriculture. Journal of Applied Phycology. 23: 371-393.
  • Çelen, S., 2006. Türkiye De Yayılış Gösteren Dört Thymus Türünün Uçucu Yağ Bileşimleri, Antibakteriyel ve Antifungal Aktivite Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi. Balıkesir Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Biyoloji Anabilim Dalı. Yüksek Lisans tezi, 86 s.
  • Demir, İ., Ellialtıoğlu, Ş., Tıpırdamaz, R., 1994. The effect of different priming treatments on reparability of aged eggplant seeds. Acta Horticulturae. 362: 205-212.
  • Demir, N., Dural, B., Yıldırım, K., 2006. Effect of seaweeds suspensions on seed germination of tomato, pepper and aubergine. Journal of Biological Sciences. 6: 1130-1133.
  • Demirkaya, M., 2010. Deniz yosunu (Ascophyllum nodosum) ekstraktı uygulamalarının biber ve soğan tohumlarının canlılığı ve gücüne etkileri. Erciyes Üniversitesi Fen
  • Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi. 26, 3: 217-224.
  • Demirkaya, M., 2011. Ozmotik Koşullandırma ve Hümidifikasyon Uygulamalarını Yüksek Sıcaklıkta Biber Tohumlarının Çimlenme ve Ortalama Çimlenme Süresi Üzerine Etkileri. IV Tohumculuk Kongresi 14-17 Haziran Samsun Bildiriler Kitabı-1 S. 136-143
  • Demirkaya, M., 2012. Deniz Yosunu (Ascophyllum nodosum) Ekstraktı Uygulamalarının Domates Tohumlarının Canlılığı ve Gücüne Etkileri. Alatarım 11(1) 2012 s. 13-18
  • Elkoca, E., 2007. Priming ekim öncesi tohum uygulamaları. Atatürk Üniv. Zir. Fak. Derg. 38: 1, 113-120.
  • Eriş, A., Sivritepe, H.Ö., Sivritepe, N., 1995. The effects of seaweed extract (Ascophyllum nodosum) on yield and quality criteria in peppers. Acta Horticulturae. 412: 185-192.
  • Evans, E.X., Blazich, F.A., 1914. Overcoming Seed Dormancy: Trees and Shrubs. North Carolina Cooperative Extension Service. 1/99 HIL-8704
  • Foidl, N., Makkar, H.P.S., Becker, K., 2001. The potential of Moringa oleifera for agricultural and industrial uses. In: Fuglie, L.J. (eds.), The Miracle Tree: The Multiple Attributes of Moringa, pp: 45–76. Wageningen, The Netherlands
  • Fuglie, L.J., 1999. The Miracle Tree: Moringa oleifera: Natural Nutrition for the Tropics, p. 68. Church World Service, Dakar
  • Groot, S.P.C., van der Wolf, J.M., Jalink, H., Langerank, C.J., van den Bulk, R.W., 2004. Challenges for the production of high quality organic seeds. Seed Test. Int. 127: 12-15.
  • Hesabi, S., Vazan, S., Golzardi, F., 2014. The effect of yellow yarrow (Achillea santolina) aqueous extracts as a factor in seed priming of canola and flax. International Journal of Biosciences. Vol. 5, No. 5, p. 195-202, 2014.
  • Heydecker, W., Gibbins, B., 1978. The priming of seeds, Acta Horticulturae. 83:213-215.
  • Isman, M.B., 2000. Plant essential oils for pest and disease management. Crop Protection. 19:603-608.
  • Kamaladhasan, N., Subramanian, S.K., 2009. Influence of seaweed liquid fertilizers on legume crop, red gram. Journal of Basic and Applied Biology.24.
  • Gonzales, L.M.R., 2015. Germination Response of Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) Seeds to Different Vinegar Concentration as Seed Priming Agents International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications. Volume 5, Issue 3.
  • Ling, Z., Enchen, J., Bosong, L.I., 2009. Effect of Wood Vinegar on Seed Germination and Water Implantation of Corn Journal ofNortheast Agricultural University Vol. 16 no.2 6-11.
  • Özkaynak, E., Yüksel, P., Yüksel, H., Orhan, Y., 2015. Karpuzda (Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai) organik priming uygulamaları. Erciyes Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi. 30(2):149-155.
  • Mackinnon, S.L., Hiltz, D., Ugarte, R., Craft, C.A., 2012. Improved methods of analysis for betaines in Ascophyllum nodosum and its commercial seaweed extracts. Journal of Applied Phycology. 22(4): 489-494.
  • Marković, T., Chatzopoulou, P., Šiljegović, J., Nikolić, M.,
  • Glamočlija, J., Ćirić, A., Soković, M., 2011. Chemical analysis and antimicrobial activities of the essential oils of Satureja thymbra L. and Thymbra spicata L. and their main components. Archives of Biological Science. 63, 2: 457-464.
  • Dileepkumar, M., Mukesh, L.C., Khaja, R.S., Ramangouda, S.H., Abdul, K.M., Itagi, P., Mohammed, W., Sudheesh, K., Tejagouda, B., Haleshkumar, B., 2015. Dıfferent Prımıng Treatments On Germınatıon and Vıabılıty of ClusterBeanSeeds.International Journal of Advanced Research. Volume 3, Issue 5, 108-111.
  • Matsiyak, K., Kaczmarek, Z., Krawczyk, R., 2011. Influence of seaweed extracts and mixture of humic and fulvic acids on germination and growth of Zea mays L. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Agricultura. 10(1): 33-45.
  • Mavi, K., Matthews, S., 2013. An alternative method of organic priming technique in naturally aged .30 ISTAth seed congress abstract book, Antalya.
  • Mavi, K., Atak, M., Atış, İ., 2013. Effect of organic priming on seedling emergence of pepper under salt stres. Soil- Water Journal. vol 2, number 2:401-408.
  • Mavi, K., 2016. The Effect of Organic Priming with Marigold Herbal Tea on Seeds Quality in Aji Pepper (Capsicum baccatum var. pendulum Willd.) Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi. 21(1):31-39
  • Pan, J., Cao, F., Wang, G., Zhang, W., 2010. Effects of Gingko Wood Vinegar on Crops Seed Germination and Seedling Growth.CNKI Journal
  • Paudel, V.R., Gupta, V.N.P., 2008.Nepal Effect of Some Essentıal Oıls on Seed Germınatıon And Seedlıng Length of Parthenium Hysterophorous L. Ecological Society (ECOS), Ecoprınt. 15: 69-73
  • Qu, Z.H., Du, X.G., 2004. Effects of different soil amendments on The quantity ofmicrobes around the root oftomato seedling. Chinese Agricultural Science Bul1etin. 20(3): 48-49, 117.
  • Rafi, H., Dawar, S., Zaki, M.J., 2015. Seed priming with extracts of Acacia nilotica (L.) Willd. ex Delile and Sapindus mukorossi (L.) plant parts in the control of root rot fungi and growth of plants. Pakistan Journal of Botany. 47(3); p. 1129-1135.
  • Rady, M.M., Seaf, El-Yazal, S.A., 2009. Response of sunflower seeds to soaking in maize grains extract and foliar spray with micronutrients under the newly reclaimedsoil conditions. Egypt. J. Soil Sci. 49, 453–478.
  • Roy, B., Sarker, B.C., Ali, M.R., Das, S.R., Sayed, M.A.S., 2012. Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Two Vegetables in Responses to Aqueous Extract of Four Herbal Plant Leaves. J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources. 5(1): 141-150.
  • Senn, T.L., 1987. Seaweed and plant growth. Clemson University edition. Clemson, SC 29634-0345, USA.
  • Stirk, W.A., Arthur, G.D., Lourens, A.F., Novak, O., Strnad, M., Van Staden, J., 2004. Changes in cytokinin and auxin concentrations in seaweed concentrates when stored at an elevated temperature. J. Appl. Phycol., 16: 31‒39
  • Tarakhovskaya, E.R., Maslov, Y.I., Shishova, M.F., 2007. Phytohormones in algae. Russian Journal of Plant Physiology. 54(2):163-170.
  • Teksan, B.Ö., Kavak, S., 2016. Kadife Çiçegi ve Gül Taç Yaprakları Demleme Çaylarında Ön Çimlendirme Uygulamalarının Biberde Çimlenme ve Çıkıs Üzerine Etkileri. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi. 11 (1):34-42.
  • Tóbiás, A., Lehoczki-Tornai, J., Szalai, Z., Csambalik, L., 2007. Radics Effect of different treatments to bacterial canker (Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis), bacterial speck (Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato) in tomato, and bacterial spot (Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria) in pepper. International Journal of Horticultural Science. 13 (2): 49–53.
  • Toroğlu, S., 2007. In vitro antimicrobial activity and antagonistic effect of essential oils from plant species. Journal of Environmental Biology. 28, 3, 551-559.
  • Tworkoski, T., 2002. Herbicide effects of essential oils. Weed Science. 50:425-431.
  • Yanmaz, R., Özdil, A.H., 1992. Domates ve Biber Tohumlarında Ekim Öncesi PEG (Polyethylene Glycol) Uygulamalarının Çimlenme ve Çıkış Oranı ile Süresi Üzerine Etkileri. Türkiye I. Ulusal Bahçe Bitkileri Kongresi. 13-16 Ekim. İzmir. Cilt II. 25-27.
  • Yang, H., 1997. Wood vinegar effect on germination and growth of vegetable [J]. Liaoning Urban and Rural Environmental Science &Technology. 17(3): 78-80.
  • Yıldırım, E., Güvenç, İ., 2005. Deniz Yosunu Özü Uygulamalarının Tuzlu Koşullarda Pırasada Tohum Çimlenmesi Üzerine Etkisi. Bahçe. 34(2), 83-87.
  • Yoshimoto, T., 1993. Present status of wood vinegar studies in Japan for agricultural usage. Taiwan: Special Publication-Taichung District Agricultural Improvement Statin, 3(35):811-820.
  • Wajika, M., Gezahegn, B., Befekadu, B., 2005. Allelopathic effects of Parthenium hysterophorus extracts on seed germination and seedlinggrowth of lettuce. Tropical Science. 45(4): 159–162.
  • Wang, H.Y., 2005. Study on regulation mechanism of wood vinegar to plant growth. Harbin: Northeast Forestry University.
  • Wei, C., Zhang, B., Yang, D., Hou, X., Chen, Y., 2007. Effect of garlic extraneous liquid on seed germination and seedling growth of eggplants Journal of Gansu Agricultural University.CNKI-journal
Yıl 2016, Cilt: 21 Sayı: 2, 124 - 134, 30.12.2016

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Angelini, G.L., Giovanna, C, Cioni P.L., Morelli, I., Macchia, M., Flamini, G., 2003. Essential Oils from Mediterranean Lamiaceae as Weed Germination Inhibitors J. Agric. Food Chem. 2003, 51, 6158-6164
  • Anonim, 2015a. Organik Tarımın Esasları ve Uygulanmasına İlişkin Yönetmelik.
  • Anonim, 2015b. Maxicrop Ürün Özellikleri. Maxicrop Homepage, http://www.maxicrop.co.uk/
  • Ashraf, M., Foolad, M.R., 2005. Pre-sowing seed treatment-a shotgun approach to improve germination, plant growth, and crop yield under
  • saline and non-saline conditions. Advances in Agronomy. 88: 223-271.
  • Atak, M., Mavi, K., Üremiş, İ., 2016. Bio-Herbicidal Effects of Oregano and Rosemary Essential Oils on Germination and Seedling Growth of Bread Wheat Cultivars and Weeds. Romanian Biotechnological Letters. Vol. 21, No. 1
  • Azirak, S., Karaman, S., 2008. Allelopathic effect of some essential oils and components on germination of weed species. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica Section B _ Soil and Plant Science. 58: 88_92
  • Basra, S.M.A., Farooq, M., Tabassum, R., 2005. Physiological and biochemical aspects of seed vigor enhancement treatments in fine rice (Oryza sativa L.). Seed Sci. Technol. 33: 623–628
  • Basra, S.M.A., Iftikhar, M.N., Afzal, I. 2011. Potential of moringa (Moringa oleifera) leaf extract as priming agent for hybrid maize seeds. Int. J. Agric. Biol. 13: 1006–1010.
  • Bewley, J.D., Black, M., 1985. Seeds: Physiology of Development and Germination. Plenum Press New York 367 p
  • Borgen, A., Nielsen, B., 2001. Effect of seed treatment with acetic acid in control of seed borne diseases. In: Biddle, A.J. (Ed.) Proceedings of the BCPC Symposium No. 76: “Seed Treatment: Challenges & Opportunities”, Farnham, 76, British Crop Protection Council, no. 76.
  • Bradford, K.J., 1986. Manipulation of seed water relations via osmotic priming to improve germination under stress conditions. Hortscience. 21:1105-1112.
  • Blunden, G., 1991. Agricultural uses of seaweeds and seaweed extracts. pp:65-81. In Guiry & Blunden, 1991, q.v.
  • Blunden, G., Jenkins, T.,Liu, Y., 1997. Enhanced leaf chlorophyll levels in plants treated with seaweed extract. Journal of Applied Phycology. 8: 535-543.
  • Blunden, G., Tyihak, E., 2009. The biochemical basis of immunity of plants treated with seaweed extracts. The Phycologist. 76: 14.
  • Corbineau, F., Come, D., 1990. Effects of priming on the germination of Valerianella olitoria seeds in relation with temperature and oxygen. Acta Horticulturae. 267: 191-197.
  • Coşkun, G., Gülşen, O., Demirkaya, M., 2016. Çerezlik Kabak Tohumlarında Bazı Ön Uygulamaların Çimlenme Üzerine Etkileri. Erciyes Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi. 32(1):48-53
  • Craigie, J.S., 2011. Seaweed extract stimuli in plant science and agriculture. Journal of Applied Phycology. 23: 371-393.
  • Çelen, S., 2006. Türkiye De Yayılış Gösteren Dört Thymus Türünün Uçucu Yağ Bileşimleri, Antibakteriyel ve Antifungal Aktivite Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi. Balıkesir Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Biyoloji Anabilim Dalı. Yüksek Lisans tezi, 86 s.
  • Demir, İ., Ellialtıoğlu, Ş., Tıpırdamaz, R., 1994. The effect of different priming treatments on reparability of aged eggplant seeds. Acta Horticulturae. 362: 205-212.
  • Demir, N., Dural, B., Yıldırım, K., 2006. Effect of seaweeds suspensions on seed germination of tomato, pepper and aubergine. Journal of Biological Sciences. 6: 1130-1133.
  • Demirkaya, M., 2010. Deniz yosunu (Ascophyllum nodosum) ekstraktı uygulamalarının biber ve soğan tohumlarının canlılığı ve gücüne etkileri. Erciyes Üniversitesi Fen
  • Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi. 26, 3: 217-224.
  • Demirkaya, M., 2011. Ozmotik Koşullandırma ve Hümidifikasyon Uygulamalarını Yüksek Sıcaklıkta Biber Tohumlarının Çimlenme ve Ortalama Çimlenme Süresi Üzerine Etkileri. IV Tohumculuk Kongresi 14-17 Haziran Samsun Bildiriler Kitabı-1 S. 136-143
  • Demirkaya, M., 2012. Deniz Yosunu (Ascophyllum nodosum) Ekstraktı Uygulamalarının Domates Tohumlarının Canlılığı ve Gücüne Etkileri. Alatarım 11(1) 2012 s. 13-18
  • Elkoca, E., 2007. Priming ekim öncesi tohum uygulamaları. Atatürk Üniv. Zir. Fak. Derg. 38: 1, 113-120.
  • Eriş, A., Sivritepe, H.Ö., Sivritepe, N., 1995. The effects of seaweed extract (Ascophyllum nodosum) on yield and quality criteria in peppers. Acta Horticulturae. 412: 185-192.
  • Evans, E.X., Blazich, F.A., 1914. Overcoming Seed Dormancy: Trees and Shrubs. North Carolina Cooperative Extension Service. 1/99 HIL-8704
  • Foidl, N., Makkar, H.P.S., Becker, K., 2001. The potential of Moringa oleifera for agricultural and industrial uses. In: Fuglie, L.J. (eds.), The Miracle Tree: The Multiple Attributes of Moringa, pp: 45–76. Wageningen, The Netherlands
  • Fuglie, L.J., 1999. The Miracle Tree: Moringa oleifera: Natural Nutrition for the Tropics, p. 68. Church World Service, Dakar
  • Groot, S.P.C., van der Wolf, J.M., Jalink, H., Langerank, C.J., van den Bulk, R.W., 2004. Challenges for the production of high quality organic seeds. Seed Test. Int. 127: 12-15.
  • Hesabi, S., Vazan, S., Golzardi, F., 2014. The effect of yellow yarrow (Achillea santolina) aqueous extracts as a factor in seed priming of canola and flax. International Journal of Biosciences. Vol. 5, No. 5, p. 195-202, 2014.
  • Heydecker, W., Gibbins, B., 1978. The priming of seeds, Acta Horticulturae. 83:213-215.
  • Isman, M.B., 2000. Plant essential oils for pest and disease management. Crop Protection. 19:603-608.
  • Kamaladhasan, N., Subramanian, S.K., 2009. Influence of seaweed liquid fertilizers on legume crop, red gram. Journal of Basic and Applied Biology.24.
  • Gonzales, L.M.R., 2015. Germination Response of Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) Seeds to Different Vinegar Concentration as Seed Priming Agents International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications. Volume 5, Issue 3.
  • Ling, Z., Enchen, J., Bosong, L.I., 2009. Effect of Wood Vinegar on Seed Germination and Water Implantation of Corn Journal ofNortheast Agricultural University Vol. 16 no.2 6-11.
  • Özkaynak, E., Yüksel, P., Yüksel, H., Orhan, Y., 2015. Karpuzda (Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai) organik priming uygulamaları. Erciyes Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi. 30(2):149-155.
  • Mackinnon, S.L., Hiltz, D., Ugarte, R., Craft, C.A., 2012. Improved methods of analysis for betaines in Ascophyllum nodosum and its commercial seaweed extracts. Journal of Applied Phycology. 22(4): 489-494.
  • Marković, T., Chatzopoulou, P., Šiljegović, J., Nikolić, M.,
  • Glamočlija, J., Ćirić, A., Soković, M., 2011. Chemical analysis and antimicrobial activities of the essential oils of Satureja thymbra L. and Thymbra spicata L. and their main components. Archives of Biological Science. 63, 2: 457-464.
  • Dileepkumar, M., Mukesh, L.C., Khaja, R.S., Ramangouda, S.H., Abdul, K.M., Itagi, P., Mohammed, W., Sudheesh, K., Tejagouda, B., Haleshkumar, B., 2015. Dıfferent Prımıng Treatments On Germınatıon and Vıabılıty of ClusterBeanSeeds.International Journal of Advanced Research. Volume 3, Issue 5, 108-111.
  • Matsiyak, K., Kaczmarek, Z., Krawczyk, R., 2011. Influence of seaweed extracts and mixture of humic and fulvic acids on germination and growth of Zea mays L. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Agricultura. 10(1): 33-45.
  • Mavi, K., Matthews, S., 2013. An alternative method of organic priming technique in naturally aged .30 ISTAth seed congress abstract book, Antalya.
  • Mavi, K., Atak, M., Atış, İ., 2013. Effect of organic priming on seedling emergence of pepper under salt stres. Soil- Water Journal. vol 2, number 2:401-408.
  • Mavi, K., 2016. The Effect of Organic Priming with Marigold Herbal Tea on Seeds Quality in Aji Pepper (Capsicum baccatum var. pendulum Willd.) Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi. 21(1):31-39
  • Pan, J., Cao, F., Wang, G., Zhang, W., 2010. Effects of Gingko Wood Vinegar on Crops Seed Germination and Seedling Growth.CNKI Journal
  • Paudel, V.R., Gupta, V.N.P., 2008.Nepal Effect of Some Essentıal Oıls on Seed Germınatıon And Seedlıng Length of Parthenium Hysterophorous L. Ecological Society (ECOS), Ecoprınt. 15: 69-73
  • Qu, Z.H., Du, X.G., 2004. Effects of different soil amendments on The quantity ofmicrobes around the root oftomato seedling. Chinese Agricultural Science Bul1etin. 20(3): 48-49, 117.
  • Rafi, H., Dawar, S., Zaki, M.J., 2015. Seed priming with extracts of Acacia nilotica (L.) Willd. ex Delile and Sapindus mukorossi (L.) plant parts in the control of root rot fungi and growth of plants. Pakistan Journal of Botany. 47(3); p. 1129-1135.
  • Rady, M.M., Seaf, El-Yazal, S.A., 2009. Response of sunflower seeds to soaking in maize grains extract and foliar spray with micronutrients under the newly reclaimedsoil conditions. Egypt. J. Soil Sci. 49, 453–478.
  • Roy, B., Sarker, B.C., Ali, M.R., Das, S.R., Sayed, M.A.S., 2012. Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Two Vegetables in Responses to Aqueous Extract of Four Herbal Plant Leaves. J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources. 5(1): 141-150.
  • Senn, T.L., 1987. Seaweed and plant growth. Clemson University edition. Clemson, SC 29634-0345, USA.
  • Stirk, W.A., Arthur, G.D., Lourens, A.F., Novak, O., Strnad, M., Van Staden, J., 2004. Changes in cytokinin and auxin concentrations in seaweed concentrates when stored at an elevated temperature. J. Appl. Phycol., 16: 31‒39
  • Tarakhovskaya, E.R., Maslov, Y.I., Shishova, M.F., 2007. Phytohormones in algae. Russian Journal of Plant Physiology. 54(2):163-170.
  • Teksan, B.Ö., Kavak, S., 2016. Kadife Çiçegi ve Gül Taç Yaprakları Demleme Çaylarında Ön Çimlendirme Uygulamalarının Biberde Çimlenme ve Çıkıs Üzerine Etkileri. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi. 11 (1):34-42.
  • Tóbiás, A., Lehoczki-Tornai, J., Szalai, Z., Csambalik, L., 2007. Radics Effect of different treatments to bacterial canker (Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis), bacterial speck (Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato) in tomato, and bacterial spot (Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria) in pepper. International Journal of Horticultural Science. 13 (2): 49–53.
  • Toroğlu, S., 2007. In vitro antimicrobial activity and antagonistic effect of essential oils from plant species. Journal of Environmental Biology. 28, 3, 551-559.
  • Tworkoski, T., 2002. Herbicide effects of essential oils. Weed Science. 50:425-431.
  • Yanmaz, R., Özdil, A.H., 1992. Domates ve Biber Tohumlarında Ekim Öncesi PEG (Polyethylene Glycol) Uygulamalarının Çimlenme ve Çıkış Oranı ile Süresi Üzerine Etkileri. Türkiye I. Ulusal Bahçe Bitkileri Kongresi. 13-16 Ekim. İzmir. Cilt II. 25-27.
  • Yang, H., 1997. Wood vinegar effect on germination and growth of vegetable [J]. Liaoning Urban and Rural Environmental Science &Technology. 17(3): 78-80.
  • Yıldırım, E., Güvenç, İ., 2005. Deniz Yosunu Özü Uygulamalarının Tuzlu Koşullarda Pırasada Tohum Çimlenmesi Üzerine Etkisi. Bahçe. 34(2), 83-87.
  • Yoshimoto, T., 1993. Present status of wood vinegar studies in Japan for agricultural usage. Taiwan: Special Publication-Taichung District Agricultural Improvement Statin, 3(35):811-820.
  • Wajika, M., Gezahegn, B., Befekadu, B., 2005. Allelopathic effects of Parthenium hysterophorus extracts on seed germination and seedlinggrowth of lettuce. Tropical Science. 45(4): 159–162.
  • Wang, H.Y., 2005. Study on regulation mechanism of wood vinegar to plant growth. Harbin: Northeast Forestry University.
  • Wei, C., Zhang, B., Yang, D., Hou, X., Chen, Y., 2007. Effect of garlic extraneous liquid on seed germination and seedling growth of eggplants Journal of Gansu Agricultural University.CNKI-journal
Toplam 66 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Burcu begüm Kenanoğlu

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Aralık 2016
Gönderilme Tarihi 27 Haziran 2016
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2016 Cilt: 21 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Kenanoğlu, B. b. (2016). Tohumların Çimlendirilmesinde Farklı Organik Ön Çimlendirme (Ozmotik Koşullandırma) Uygulamalarının Kullanımı. Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 21(2), 124-134.