Evaluation of Agronomic and Morphological Characteristics of Annual Wild Chickpea Genotypes by Biplot Analysis Method
Yıl 2023,
Cilt: 28 Sayı: 2, 695 - 703, 31.08.2023
Fatma Başdemir
,
Sibel İpekeşen
,
Murat Tunç
,
Leyla Turan
,
Abdullah Kahraman
,
Behiye Bicer
Öz
In this study, the relationships between annual wild Cicer genotypes and cultivated chickpeas for plant height, root length, stem dry weight, root dry weight, number of nodules per plant and nodule wet weight per plant were tried to be determined. In the experiment, 6 C. echinospermum, 20 C. reticulatum and 2 cultivated chickpeas were used. The experiment was carried out at Dicle University, Faculty of Agriculture in 2018 and 2019 years in pots in a semi-open area with rain shelter and irrigation control. A wide variation was detected in wild and cultivated chickpeas for all of the traits. Relationships between investigated traits and genotypes were correlated with biplot analysis. In the analysis performed with the Scatter biplot method in 2018, PC1 (1st principal component) 44.53%, and PC2 (2nd principal component) 28.49% explained 73.02% of the variation in total. In 2019, PC1 with 57.92% and PC2 with 32.40%, explained 90.32% of the variation in total. It was determined that wild genotypes and cultivated chickpeas showed a closer relationship with the morphological features we examined. Wild genotypes can be evaluated in breeding programs to expand and enrich the genetic narrowing in cultivated chickpeas.
Kaynakça
- Bellucci, E., Mario Aguilar, O., Alseekh, S., Bett, K., Brezeanu, C., Cook, D., … & Papa, R. (2021). The Increase project: Intelligent collections of food-legume genetic resources for European agrofood systems. The Plant Journal, 108(3), 646–660. doi:10.1111/tpj.15472
- Bohra, A., Tiwari, A., Kaur, P., Ganie, S. A., Raza, A., … & Varshney, R. K. (2022). The key to the future lies in the past: Insights from grain legume domestication and improvement should inform future breeding strategies. Plant and Cell Physiology, 63(11), 1554-1572. doi:10.1093/pcp/pcac086
- Croser, J. S., Ahmad, F., Clarke, H. J., & Siddique, K. H. M. (2003). Utilisation of wild Cicer in chickpea improvement-progress, constraints, and prospects. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 54(5), 429-444. doi:10.1071/AR02157
- Danehloueipour, N., Yan, G., Clarke, H. J., & Siddique, K. H. M. (2006). Successful stem cutting propagation of chickpea, its wild relatives and their interspecific hybrids. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 46(10), 1349-1354. doi:10.1071/EA05207
- Demirci, Ö., & Bildirici, N. (2020). Şanlıurfa ekolojik koşullarında yetiştirilen bazı nohut (Cicer arietinum L.) çeşitlerinin verim ve verim unsurlarının belirlenmesi. Avrupa Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, 20, 656-662. doi:10.31590/ejosat.754332
- FAO. (2020). Dünya nohut ekim alanı ve üretimi. https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL Erişim tarihi: 28.10.2022.
- GenStat, 2009. Genstat for windows (12th edition) introduction. VSN International, Hemel Hempstead.
- Güngör, H., & Dumlupınar, Z. (2018). Bazı nohut çeşit ve hatlarının verim ve verim unsurları bakımından değerlendirilmesi. Derim, 35(2), 194-200. doi:10.16882/derim.2018.444157
- Jaiswal, H. K., & Singh, R. K. (1990). Breeding for increased nitrogen fixing ability among wild and cultivated species of chickpea. Annals of Applied Biology, 117(2), 415-419. doi:10.1111/j.1744-7348.1990.tb04228.x
- Karaköy, T., Ton, A & Anlarsal, A.E. (2018) Genotype x environment interactions and stability analysis for the yield and yield components in winter chickpea (Cicer arientinum L.). Fresenenius Environmental Bulletin, 27(9), 6291-6296.
- Karaman, M. (2020). Evaluation of yield and quality performance of some spring bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes under rainfall conditions. International Journal of Agriculture, Environment and Food Sciences, 4(1), 19-26. doi:10.31015/jaefs.2020.1.4
- Kashiwagi, J., Krishnamurthy, L., Upadhyaya, H. D., Krishna, H., Chandra, S., Vadez, V., & Serraj, R. (2005). Genetic variability of drought-avoidance root traits in the mini-core germplasm collection of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Euphytica, 146(3), 213-222. doi:10.1007/s10681-005-9007-1
- Kaya, M., & Şanlı, A. (2008). Ekim derinliğinin nohut (Cicer arietinum L.) çeşitlerinde kök ve toprak üstü organlarının ilk gelişmesine etkisi. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 12(2), 115-122.
- Kim, D. H., Kaashyap, M., Rathore, A., Das, R. R., Parupalli, S., ... & Varshney, R. K. (2014). Phylogenetic diversity of Mesorhizobium in chickpea. Journal of Biosciences, 39(3), 513-517. doi:10.1007/s12038-014-9429-9
- MSTAT-C (1988) MSTAT-C, a Microcomputer Program for the Design, Arrangement, and Analysis of Agronomic Research. Michigan State University East Lansing, East Lansing.
- Redden, R. J., & Berger, J. D. (2007). Chickpea breeding and management. S.S. Yadav, R. J. Redden W. Chen B. Sharma (Eds.), History and origin of chickpea. 1, (pp 1-13). London, UK: CABI Press.
- Sharma, S., Lavale, S. A., Nimje, C., & Singh, S. (2021). Characterization and identification of annual wild Cicer species for seed protein and mineral concentrations for chickpea improvement. Crop Science, 61(1), 305-319. doi:10.1002/csc2.20413
- Singh, K. B., & Ocampo, B. (1997). Exploitation of wild Cicer species for yield improvement in chickpea. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 95(3), 418-423. doi:10.1007/s001220050578
- Singh, S., Gumber, R. K., Joshi, N., & Singh, K. (2005). Introgression from wild Cicer reticulatum to cultivated chickpea for productivity and disease resistance. Plant Breeding, 124(5), 477-480. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0523.2005.01146.x
- Singh, M., Malhotra, N., & Singh, K. (2021). Broadening the genetic base of cultivated chickpea following introgression of wild Cicer species-progress, constraints and prospects. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 68(6), 2181-2205. doi:10.1007/s10722-021-01173-w
- Ton, A., & Anlarsal, A. E. (2018). Genetic parameters and path coefficient analysis in chickpea (Cicer arientinum L.). Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 27(5A), 3728-3732.
- Topçu, M., & Akçura, M. (2022). Bazı nohut çeşitlerinin verim ve verim unsurlarının incelenmesi. ÇOMÜ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 10(1), 191-198. doi:10.33202/comuagri.995293
- Upadhyaya, H. D., & Ortiz, R. (2001). A mini core subset for capturing diversity and promoting utilization of chickpea genetic resource incrop improvement. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 102, 1292–1298. doi:10.1007/s00122-001-0556-y
- Von Wettberg, E. J., Chang, P. L., Başdemir, F., Carrasquila-Garcia, N., Korbu, L. B., ... & Cook, D. R. (2018). Ecology and genomics of an important crop wild relative as a prelude to agricultural innovation. Nature Communications, 9(1), 1-13. doi:10.1038/s41467-018-02867-z
Tek Yıllık Yabani Nohut Genotiplerinin Agronomik ve Morfolojik Özelliklerinin Biplot Analiz Yöntemi ile Değerlendirilmesi
Yıl 2023,
Cilt: 28 Sayı: 2, 695 - 703, 31.08.2023
Fatma Başdemir
,
Sibel İpekeşen
,
Murat Tunç
,
Leyla Turan
,
Abdullah Kahraman
,
Behiye Bicer
Öz
Bu çalışmada yıllık cicer yabani genotipleri ile kültür nohutlarının bitki boyu, kök uzunluğu, gövde kuru ağırlığı, kök kuru ağırlığı, nodül sayısı ve nodül yaş ağırlığı özellikleri açısından ilişkileri belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Denemede 6 adet C. echinospermum, 20 adet C. reticulatum ve 2 adet kültür nohutu kullanılmıştır. Deneme 2018 ve 2019 yıllarında Dicle Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesinde yağmur korunaklı sulama kontrollü yarı açık alanda saksı denemesi şeklinde yürütülmüştür. İncelenen özellikler bakımından yabani genotip ve kültür nohutlarında geniş varyasyon saptanmıştır. İncelenen özellikler ve genotipler arasındaki ilişkiler biplot analiz ile ilişkilendirilmiştir. 2018 yılı Scatter biplot yöntemi ile yapılan analizde PC1 (1. ana bileşen) %44.53, PC2 (2. ana bileşen) %28.49, toplamda varyasyonun %73.02’sini oluşturmuştur. 2019 yılı Scatter biplot yöntemi ile yapılan analizde PC1 (1. ana bileşen) %57.92, PC2 (2. ana bileşen) %32.40, toplamda varyasyonun %90.32’sini oluşturmuştur. Yabani genotip ve kültür nohutlarının incelediğimiz morfolojik özellikler ile ilişkilerinde yabani genotiplerin daha yakın ilişki gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar kültürü yapılan nohut çeşitlerindeki genetik daralmayı genişletmek ve zenginleştirmek için ıslah programlarında yabani genotiplerin değerlendirilebileceğini göstermiştir.
Kaynakça
- Bellucci, E., Mario Aguilar, O., Alseekh, S., Bett, K., Brezeanu, C., Cook, D., … & Papa, R. (2021). The Increase project: Intelligent collections of food-legume genetic resources for European agrofood systems. The Plant Journal, 108(3), 646–660. doi:10.1111/tpj.15472
- Bohra, A., Tiwari, A., Kaur, P., Ganie, S. A., Raza, A., … & Varshney, R. K. (2022). The key to the future lies in the past: Insights from grain legume domestication and improvement should inform future breeding strategies. Plant and Cell Physiology, 63(11), 1554-1572. doi:10.1093/pcp/pcac086
- Croser, J. S., Ahmad, F., Clarke, H. J., & Siddique, K. H. M. (2003). Utilisation of wild Cicer in chickpea improvement-progress, constraints, and prospects. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 54(5), 429-444. doi:10.1071/AR02157
- Danehloueipour, N., Yan, G., Clarke, H. J., & Siddique, K. H. M. (2006). Successful stem cutting propagation of chickpea, its wild relatives and their interspecific hybrids. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 46(10), 1349-1354. doi:10.1071/EA05207
- Demirci, Ö., & Bildirici, N. (2020). Şanlıurfa ekolojik koşullarında yetiştirilen bazı nohut (Cicer arietinum L.) çeşitlerinin verim ve verim unsurlarının belirlenmesi. Avrupa Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, 20, 656-662. doi:10.31590/ejosat.754332
- FAO. (2020). Dünya nohut ekim alanı ve üretimi. https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL Erişim tarihi: 28.10.2022.
- GenStat, 2009. Genstat for windows (12th edition) introduction. VSN International, Hemel Hempstead.
- Güngör, H., & Dumlupınar, Z. (2018). Bazı nohut çeşit ve hatlarının verim ve verim unsurları bakımından değerlendirilmesi. Derim, 35(2), 194-200. doi:10.16882/derim.2018.444157
- Jaiswal, H. K., & Singh, R. K. (1990). Breeding for increased nitrogen fixing ability among wild and cultivated species of chickpea. Annals of Applied Biology, 117(2), 415-419. doi:10.1111/j.1744-7348.1990.tb04228.x
- Karaköy, T., Ton, A & Anlarsal, A.E. (2018) Genotype x environment interactions and stability analysis for the yield and yield components in winter chickpea (Cicer arientinum L.). Fresenenius Environmental Bulletin, 27(9), 6291-6296.
- Karaman, M. (2020). Evaluation of yield and quality performance of some spring bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes under rainfall conditions. International Journal of Agriculture, Environment and Food Sciences, 4(1), 19-26. doi:10.31015/jaefs.2020.1.4
- Kashiwagi, J., Krishnamurthy, L., Upadhyaya, H. D., Krishna, H., Chandra, S., Vadez, V., & Serraj, R. (2005). Genetic variability of drought-avoidance root traits in the mini-core germplasm collection of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Euphytica, 146(3), 213-222. doi:10.1007/s10681-005-9007-1
- Kaya, M., & Şanlı, A. (2008). Ekim derinliğinin nohut (Cicer arietinum L.) çeşitlerinde kök ve toprak üstü organlarının ilk gelişmesine etkisi. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 12(2), 115-122.
- Kim, D. H., Kaashyap, M., Rathore, A., Das, R. R., Parupalli, S., ... & Varshney, R. K. (2014). Phylogenetic diversity of Mesorhizobium in chickpea. Journal of Biosciences, 39(3), 513-517. doi:10.1007/s12038-014-9429-9
- MSTAT-C (1988) MSTAT-C, a Microcomputer Program for the Design, Arrangement, and Analysis of Agronomic Research. Michigan State University East Lansing, East Lansing.
- Redden, R. J., & Berger, J. D. (2007). Chickpea breeding and management. S.S. Yadav, R. J. Redden W. Chen B. Sharma (Eds.), History and origin of chickpea. 1, (pp 1-13). London, UK: CABI Press.
- Sharma, S., Lavale, S. A., Nimje, C., & Singh, S. (2021). Characterization and identification of annual wild Cicer species for seed protein and mineral concentrations for chickpea improvement. Crop Science, 61(1), 305-319. doi:10.1002/csc2.20413
- Singh, K. B., & Ocampo, B. (1997). Exploitation of wild Cicer species for yield improvement in chickpea. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 95(3), 418-423. doi:10.1007/s001220050578
- Singh, S., Gumber, R. K., Joshi, N., & Singh, K. (2005). Introgression from wild Cicer reticulatum to cultivated chickpea for productivity and disease resistance. Plant Breeding, 124(5), 477-480. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0523.2005.01146.x
- Singh, M., Malhotra, N., & Singh, K. (2021). Broadening the genetic base of cultivated chickpea following introgression of wild Cicer species-progress, constraints and prospects. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 68(6), 2181-2205. doi:10.1007/s10722-021-01173-w
- Ton, A., & Anlarsal, A. E. (2018). Genetic parameters and path coefficient analysis in chickpea (Cicer arientinum L.). Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 27(5A), 3728-3732.
- Topçu, M., & Akçura, M. (2022). Bazı nohut çeşitlerinin verim ve verim unsurlarının incelenmesi. ÇOMÜ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 10(1), 191-198. doi:10.33202/comuagri.995293
- Upadhyaya, H. D., & Ortiz, R. (2001). A mini core subset for capturing diversity and promoting utilization of chickpea genetic resource incrop improvement. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 102, 1292–1298. doi:10.1007/s00122-001-0556-y
- Von Wettberg, E. J., Chang, P. L., Başdemir, F., Carrasquila-Garcia, N., Korbu, L. B., ... & Cook, D. R. (2018). Ecology and genomics of an important crop wild relative as a prelude to agricultural innovation. Nature Communications, 9(1), 1-13. doi:10.1038/s41467-018-02867-z