Research Article

Comparative Analysis of Insect Diversity in Allium cepa var. aggregatum, Solanum lycopersicum, and Capsicum annuum Agroecosystems in Parhaboan District, Northern Tapanuli, and Juhar District, Karo, North Sumatra, Indonesia

Number: 1 June 22, 2026

Comparative Analysis of Insect Diversity in Allium cepa var. aggregatum, Solanum lycopersicum, and Capsicum annuum Agroecosystems in Parhaboan District, Northern Tapanuli, and Juhar District, Karo, North Sumatra, Indonesia

Abstract

This study compared insect diversity in Allium cepa var. aggregatum G. Don, Solanum lycopersicum L., and Capsicum annuum L. agroecosystems Parhaboan District, North Tapanuli, and Juhar District, Karo, North Sumatra, Indonesia, aiming to assess species composition, abundance, and ecological roles. Using pitfall, yellow sticky, and blue ball traps, hand picking, and direct observation, we identified pest and beneficial insects. In A. cepa var. aggregatum fields, Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) and Liriomyza chinensis (Kato) were dominant pests, with L. chinensis populations peaking during specific crop growth stages, highlighting the impact of crop phenology and pesticide use. S. lycopersicum plantations showed moderate diversity, dominated by Bactrocera spp. and Formicidae, with blue ball traps capturing high densities of Bactrocera spp., suggesting strong visual attraction. C. annuum crops had abundant natural enemies, including Paratrechina longicornis (Latreille) and Scelio spp., alongside pests like S. litura and Aphis spp., demonstrating a complex ecological balance. Despite moderate diversity, high evenness of natural enemies indicated a stable predator community. Intercropping C. annuum with A. cepa var. aggregatum or S. lycopersicum revealed varied insect compositions. A critical imbalance between herbivores and natural enemies was observed across all agroecosystems, emphasizing the need for integrated pest management (IPM). This research highlights the importance of insect diversity for sustainable agriculture in North Sumatra, advocating for habitat diversification, biological control, and strategic pesticide use. Future studies should examine seasonal dynamics, crop-specific variations, and long-term agricultural impacts to refine IPM and promote biodiversity conservation.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

University of Sumatera Utara (USU)

Project Number

16773/UN5.1R/PPM/2024 and 10/UN/5.4.10.K/PPM/KP-RKI/2024

Ethical Statement

I testify on behalf of all authprs and co-author that our article submitted followed ethical principles in publishing.

Thanks

Rector University Sumatera Utara, Head of Research Centre USU, Indonesian Collaboration Researchers from UGM and Unpad, farmers from North of Tapanuli and Karo.

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Entomology in Agriculture

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

June 22, 2026

Submission Date

October 27, 2025

Acceptance Date

May 10, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Number: 1

APA
Siregar, A. Z., Joshı, R., Majıd, A. H. A., Suputa, S., & Hapsarı, T. L. (2026). Comparative Analysis of Insect Diversity in Allium cepa var. aggregatum, Solanum lycopersicum, and Capsicum annuum Agroecosystems in Parhaboan District, Northern Tapanuli, and Juhar District, Karo, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Yuzuncu Yıl University Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 1, 1811908. https://doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.1811908
AMA
1.Siregar AZ, Joshı R, Majıd AHA, Suputa S, Hapsarı TL. Comparative Analysis of Insect Diversity in Allium cepa var. aggregatum, Solanum lycopersicum, and Capsicum annuum Agroecosystems in Parhaboan District, Northern Tapanuli, and Juhar District, Karo, North Sumatra, Indonesia. YYU J AGR SCI. 2026;(1):1811908. doi:10.29133/yyutbd.1811908
Chicago
Siregar, Ameilia Zuliyanti, Ravindra Joshı, Abdul Hafiz Ab Majıd, Suputa Suputa, and Tri Lindung Hapsarı. 2026. “Comparative Analysis of Insect Diversity in Allium Cepa Var. Aggregatum, Solanum Lycopersicum, and Capsicum Annuum Agroecosystems in Parhaboan District, Northern Tapanuli, and Juhar District, Karo, North Sumatra, Indonesia”. Yuzuncu Yıl University Journal of Agricultural Sciences, no. 1: 1811908. https://doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.1811908.
EndNote
Siregar AZ, Joshı R, Majıd AHA, Suputa S, Hapsarı TL (June 1, 2026) Comparative Analysis of Insect Diversity in Allium cepa var. aggregatum, Solanum lycopersicum, and Capsicum annuum Agroecosystems in Parhaboan District, Northern Tapanuli, and Juhar District, Karo, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Yuzuncu Yıl University Journal of Agricultural Sciences 1 1811908.
IEEE
[1]A. Z. Siregar, R. Joshı, A. H. A. Majıd, S. Suputa, and T. L. Hapsarı, “Comparative Analysis of Insect Diversity in Allium cepa var. aggregatum, Solanum lycopersicum, and Capsicum annuum Agroecosystems in Parhaboan District, Northern Tapanuli, and Juhar District, Karo, North Sumatra, Indonesia”, YYU J AGR SCI, no. 1, p. 1811908, June 2026, doi: 10.29133/yyutbd.1811908.
ISNAD
Siregar, Ameilia Zuliyanti - Joshı, Ravindra - Majıd, Abdul Hafiz Ab - Suputa, Suputa - Hapsarı, Tri Lindung. “Comparative Analysis of Insect Diversity in Allium Cepa Var. Aggregatum, Solanum Lycopersicum, and Capsicum Annuum Agroecosystems in Parhaboan District, Northern Tapanuli, and Juhar District, Karo, North Sumatra, Indonesia”. Yuzuncu Yıl University Journal of Agricultural Sciences. 1 (June 1, 2026): 1811908. https://doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.1811908.
JAMA
1.Siregar AZ, Joshı R, Majıd AHA, Suputa S, Hapsarı TL. Comparative Analysis of Insect Diversity in Allium cepa var. aggregatum, Solanum lycopersicum, and Capsicum annuum Agroecosystems in Parhaboan District, Northern Tapanuli, and Juhar District, Karo, North Sumatra, Indonesia. YYU J AGR SCI. 2026;:1811908.
MLA
Siregar, Ameilia Zuliyanti, et al. “Comparative Analysis of Insect Diversity in Allium Cepa Var. Aggregatum, Solanum Lycopersicum, and Capsicum Annuum Agroecosystems in Parhaboan District, Northern Tapanuli, and Juhar District, Karo, North Sumatra, Indonesia”. Yuzuncu Yıl University Journal of Agricultural Sciences, no. 1, June 2026, p. 1811908, doi:10.29133/yyutbd.1811908.
Vancouver
1.Ameilia Zuliyanti Siregar, Ravindra Joshı, Abdul Hafiz Ab Majıd, Suputa Suputa, Tri Lindung Hapsarı. Comparative Analysis of Insect Diversity in Allium cepa var. aggregatum, Solanum lycopersicum, and Capsicum annuum Agroecosystems in Parhaboan District, Northern Tapanuli, and Juhar District, Karo, North Sumatra, Indonesia. YYU J AGR SCI. 2026 Jun. 1;(1):1811908. doi:10.29133/yyutbd.1811908
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