Research Article

Ampelographic Characterization and Multivariate Analysis of Grapevine Genotypes from Eastern Anatolia, Türkiye

Number: 1 July 2, 2026

Ampelographic Characterization and Multivariate Analysis of Grapevine Genotypes from Eastern Anatolia, Türkiye

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the ampelographic descriptors of 32 grapevine genotypes cultivated in the Eastern Anatolia Region and conserved in the Eastern Anatolia grapevine genetic resource plot, including the reference cultivar Karaerik, and to elucidate their phenotypic relationships using multivariate statistical analyses. Over two consecutive years (2024–2025), 53 International Organisation of Vine and Wine (OIV) descriptors (23 quantitative, 30 qualitative) were applied to evaluate vegetative, cluster, and berry traits. Measurements were conducted with 10 replicates for vegetative and cluster traits and 30 replicates for berry and seed traits. Significant morphological and agronomic differences were observed among genotypes. Hermaphrodite flowers accounted for 63.64% of the genotypes, while 36.36% were morphologically hermaphrodite–physiologically female. Cluster length ranged from 7.90 to 21.47 cm, cluster weight from 58.12 to 642.53 g, and berry weight from 1.86 to 5.85 g. Soluble solids varied between 14.45 and 26.30 °Brix, total acidity between 0.54 and 0.96 g L⁻¹, and pH from 2.69 to 3.78. Principal Component Analysis explained 34.7% of total variation in the first two components (PC1: 19.2%; PC2: 15.5%), mainly associated with leaf–cluster traits and berry size parameters, respectively. Two-way hierarchical clustering (Ward, Euclidean distance) grouped genotypes into four clusters, with genetic distances ranging from 3.29 to 16.43. The concordance between analyses confirmed statistically consistent and biologically meaningful differentiation, highlighting the high phenotypic diversity and breeding potential of Eastern Anatolia grapevine resources.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

This study was supported by the General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policies

Project Number

TAGEM/BBAD/B/21/A1/P9/2626

Ethical Statement

Ethical approval is not required for this study.

Thanks

I would like to express my gratitude to the Erzincan Horticultural Research Institute Directorate and its staff for their support in conducting this study.

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Oenology and Viticulture

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

July 2, 2026

Submission Date

March 2, 2026

Acceptance Date

June 2, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Number: 1

APA
Geçim, T., Kalkan, N. N., Bozkurt, A., Vurgun, H., Karadoğan, B., Orhan, E., Esmek, İ., & Kaya, Ö. (2026). Ampelographic Characterization and Multivariate Analysis of Grapevine Genotypes from Eastern Anatolia, Türkiye. Yuzuncu Yıl University Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 1, 1900920. https://doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.1900920
AMA
1.Geçim T, Kalkan NN, Bozkurt A, et al. Ampelographic Characterization and Multivariate Analysis of Grapevine Genotypes from Eastern Anatolia, Türkiye. YYU J AGR SCI. 2026;(1):1900920. doi:10.29133/yyutbd.1900920
Chicago
Geçim, Tevhit, Nalan Nazan Kalkan, Abdurrahim Bozkurt, et al. 2026. “Ampelographic Characterization and Multivariate Analysis of Grapevine Genotypes from Eastern Anatolia, Türkiye”. Yuzuncu Yıl University Journal of Agricultural Sciences, no. 1: 1900920. https://doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.1900920.
EndNote
Geçim T, Kalkan NN, Bozkurt A, Vurgun H, Karadoğan B, Orhan E, Esmek İ, Kaya Ö (July 1, 2026) Ampelographic Characterization and Multivariate Analysis of Grapevine Genotypes from Eastern Anatolia, Türkiye. Yuzuncu Yıl University Journal of Agricultural Sciences 1 1900920.
IEEE
[1]T. Geçim et al., “Ampelographic Characterization and Multivariate Analysis of Grapevine Genotypes from Eastern Anatolia, Türkiye”, YYU J AGR SCI, no. 1, p. 1900920, July 2026, doi: 10.29133/yyutbd.1900920.
ISNAD
Geçim, Tevhit - Kalkan, Nalan Nazan - Bozkurt, Abdurrahim - Vurgun, Hüseyin - Karadoğan, Birol - Orhan, Emine - Esmek, İsmail - Kaya, Özkan. “Ampelographic Characterization and Multivariate Analysis of Grapevine Genotypes from Eastern Anatolia, Türkiye”. Yuzuncu Yıl University Journal of Agricultural Sciences. 1 (July 1, 2026): 1900920. https://doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.1900920.
JAMA
1.Geçim T, Kalkan NN, Bozkurt A, Vurgun H, Karadoğan B, Orhan E, Esmek İ, Kaya Ö. Ampelographic Characterization and Multivariate Analysis of Grapevine Genotypes from Eastern Anatolia, Türkiye. YYU J AGR SCI. 2026;:1900920.
MLA
Geçim, Tevhit, et al. “Ampelographic Characterization and Multivariate Analysis of Grapevine Genotypes from Eastern Anatolia, Türkiye”. Yuzuncu Yıl University Journal of Agricultural Sciences, no. 1, July 2026, p. 1900920, doi:10.29133/yyutbd.1900920.
Vancouver
1.Tevhit Geçim, Nalan Nazan Kalkan, Abdurrahim Bozkurt, Hüseyin Vurgun, Birol Karadoğan, Emine Orhan, İsmail Esmek, Özkan Kaya. Ampelographic Characterization and Multivariate Analysis of Grapevine Genotypes from Eastern Anatolia, Türkiye. YYU J AGR SCI. 2026 Jul. 1;(1):1900920. doi:10.29133/yyutbd.1900920
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