Nitrogen Fertilizer Recommendation with Optical Sensor for Bread Wheat Varieties

Abstract

This study was conducted at Transitional Zone Agricultural Research Institute in Eskisehir, in 2017-2019 growing seasons. In the study, responses of four winter wheat cultivars (Hat30, Mesut, Nacibey and Reis) to nitrogen fertilization under rainfed conditions were compared with vegetation indices based on spectral reflection and In- Season Estimates of Yield calculated from these indices. Optical -held sensor (Green Seeker) was used for this purpose. The experimental layout were used 0, 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 kg N/ha nitrogen rates 2 factor factorial in randomized complete block design in the experiment. Vegetation indices (NDVI) were obtained at growth stages Zadoks24, Zadoks30, Zadoks31 and Zadoks32. Zadoks30 (stem elongation) was found to be the most realistic reading time. Based on the average of 3 experiment fields, the new system resulted in the similar yields with that of 15 kg/ha less nitrogen in the spring (Zadoks30) season, promising to be input saving and profitable. The sensor application was found to be 5% more effective than that of farmer application. 

Keywords

• Nitrogen
• Wheat
• NDVI
• Optic sensor.

Ekmeklik Buğdayda Optik Sensör ile Azotlu Gübre Tavsiyesi

Öz

Bu çalışma, Eskişehir Geçit Kuşağı Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü arazisinde 2017-2019 yılları arasında yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada, Hat 30, Mesut, Nacibey ve Reis kışlık ekmeklik buğday çeşitlerinin kuru koşullar altında azot gübrelemesine verdikleri tepkiler, spektral yansımaya dayalı bitki örtüsü indeksleri ve bu indekslerden hesaplanan Mevsimsel Verim Tahminleri ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Örtü indekslerinin ölçülmesinde Optik sensör (Green Seeker) kullanılmıştır. Denemede Tesadüf Bloklarında Faktöriyel Deneme Deseni ve 6 farklı 0, 30, 60, 90, 120 ve 150 kg/ha azot dozu kullanılmıştır. Vejetasyon indeksleri (NDVI) Zadoks24, Zadoks30, Zadoks31 ve Zadoks32 büyüme dönemlerinde okunmuştur. Zadoks30 (sapa kalkma dönemi) en gerçekçi okuma dönemi olarak bulunmuştur. 3 deneme ortalamasına göre yeni sistemin, ilkbahar (Zadoks30) dönemi uygulamalarında 15 kg/ha daha az azot ile benzer verim değerleri sağladığı ve ümit verici olduğunu görülmüştür. Sensör uygulamasının çiftçi uygulamasından % 5 daha etkin olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Buğday
• Azot
• Optik Sensör
• NDVI

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