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Kanatlı hayvanların beslenmesinde sürdürülebilirlik stratejileri

Yıl 2022, , 731 - 742, 31.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.20289/zfdergi.1096687

Öz

Hayvansal üretimde sürdürülebilirlik; gelecek nesillerin gıda ihtiyaçlarını karşılama yeteneğinden ödün vermeden toplumun mevcut gıda ihtiyaçlarının karşılanması şeklinde tanımlanır. Kanatlı üretimi, hayvansal üretimin diğer alanlarına kıyasla daha çevre dostu olmasına rağmen sera gazları, ötrofikasyon ve asidifikasyon gibi çevresel etkileri göz ardı edilmemelidir. Kanatlı üretim zincirinde, yem üretimi ve nakliye küresel ısınma potansiyalinin %70’ini oluştururken, gübre yönetimi ise ötrofikasyon ve asidifikasyon potansiyalinin %40-60’ını oluşturmaktadır. Sürdürülebilir kanatlı üretiminde, yem üretimi ile besin madde atılımının etkisini azaltmak amacıyla bazı besleme stratejileri geliştirilmektedir. Yem üretimi etkisinin azaltılması amacıyla karma yemlerin "Yaşam Döngüsü Değerlendirmesi" kullanılarak oluşturulması, alternatif protein kaynaklarının kullanılması ve hidroponik tarım modellerinin uygulanması çevre dostu ve sürdürülebilir üretim yapmaya olanak sağlamaktadır. Gübre yönetiminin çevresel etkisi ise karma yemlerin ham protein düzeyi azaltılarak, ham selüloz ilavesi, sindirim sisteminin düzenlenmesi ve besin madde sindirilebilirliği artırılarak iyileştirilebilir. Bu derlemede, kanatlı beslemede sürdürülebilirlik stratejileri; yem üretiminin etkileri, besin madde atılımının azaltılması ve iyileştirilmiş sindirim sistemi ile ilişkisi irdelenecektir.

Kaynakça

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Sustainability strategies in poultry nutrition

Yıl 2022, , 731 - 742, 31.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.20289/zfdergi.1096687

Öz

Sustainability in animal production is defined as meeting society’s current food needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their food needs. Poultry production is more environmentally friendly in comparison with other fields in animal production, however; its impacts on the environment such as greenhouse gases, eutrophication, and acidification should not be overlooked. In poultry production chain, feed production and transportation constitute 70% of global warming potential, whereas manure management constitutes 40-60% of eutrophication and acidification potential. Some feeding strategies are developed in sustainable poultry production to reduce the effects of feed production and nutrient excretion. Making compound feed by means of “Life Cycle Assessment” using alternative protein sources and using hydroponic farming models to reduce the impact of feed production enable environmentally friendly and sustainable production. The environmental impact of manure management can be improved by reducing the crude protein level of diets, adding crude fiber, regulating the digestive system and increasing nutrient digestibility. In this review, sustainability strategies in poultry nutrition; the relationship with effects of feed production, reduction of nutrient excretion and improved system will be discussed.

Kaynakça

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  • Mateos, G.G., E. Jiménez-Moreno, M.P. Serrano & R.P. Lázaro, 2012. Poultry response to high levels of dietary fiber sources varying in physical and chemical characteristics. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 21 (1): 156-174. https://doi.org/10.3382/japr.2011-00477
  • Mead, G.C., 2002. Factors affecting intestinal colonisation of poultry by Campylobacter and role of microflora in control. World's Poultry Science Journal, 58 (2): 169-178. Htpps://doi.org/10.1079/wps20020016
  • Méda, B., P. Belloir, A. Narcy & A. Wilfart, 2019. Improving environmental sustainability of poultry production using innovative feeding strategies. Proceedings of the 22nd European symposium on poultry nutrition, 10–13 June 2019, Gdańsk, Poland (2019), 82-92 pp.
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  • Mohammed, A.B., S.A. Mohammed, A.F. Ayanlere & O.K. Afolabi, 2013. Evaluation of Poultry Egg Marketing in Kuje Area Council Municipality of FCT Abuja, Nigeria. Greener Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 3 (1): 068-072. https://doi.org/10.15580/GJAS.2013.1.101112111
  • Mohebodini, H., V. Jazi, R. Bakhshalinejad, A. Shabani & A. Ashayerizadeh, 2018. Effect of dietary resveratrol supplementation on growth performance, immune response, serum biochemical indices, cecal microflora, and intestinal morphology of broiler chickens challenged with Escherichia coli. Livestock Science, 229: 3-21 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2019.09.008
  • Munasinghe, M. & W. Shearer, 1995. Defining and measuring sustainability: the biogeophysical foundations (No. PB-95-258885/XAB). International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, Washington, DC (United States).
  • Munyaka, P.M., N.K. Nandha, E. Kiarie, C.M. Nyachoti & E. Khafipour, 2016. Impact of combined β-glucanase and xylanase enzymes on growth performance, nutrients utilization and gut microbiota in broiler chickens fed corn or wheat-based diets. Poultry Science, 95 (3): 528-540. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pev333
  • Naik, P.K., B.K. Swain & N.P. Singh, 2015. Production and utilisation of hydroponics fodder. Indian Journal of Animal Nutrition, 32 (1): 1-9.
  • National Research Council, (NRC), 2003. Air emissions from animal feeding operations: Current knowledge, future needs. http//www.nap.edu/catalog/10586.html
  • Niderkorn, V. & A. Jayanegara, 2021.Opportunities offered by plant bioactive compounds to improve silage quality, animal health and product quality for sustainable ruminant production: A Review. Agronomy, 11 (1): 86. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11010086
  • Ocak, N. & Sungu, M., 2009. Growth and egg production of layer pullets can be affected by the method of supplying energy and protein sources. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 89 (11): 1963-1968. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.3684
  • Olukomaiya, O., C. Fernando, R. Mereddy, X. Li & Y. Sultanbawa, 2019. Solid-state fermented plant protein sources in the diets of broiler chickens: A review. Animal Nutrition, 5 (4): 319-330. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aninu.2019.05.005
  • Ospina-Rojas I.C., A.E. Murakami, C.R.A. Duarte, G.R. Nascimento, E.R.M. Garcia, M.I. Sakamoto et al., 2017. Leucine and valine supplementation of low-protein diets for broiler chickens from 21 to 42 days of age. Poultry Science, 96: 914-22. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pew319
  • Ospina-Rojas I.C., A.E. Murakami, C.R.A. Duarte, P.C. Pozza, R.M. Rossi & E. Gasparino, 2019. Performance, diameter of muscle fibers, and gene expression of mechanistic target of rapamycin in pectoralis major muscle of broilers supplemented with leucine and valine. Canadian Journal of Animal Science, 99: 168-78. https:// doi.org/10.1139/cjas-2018-0020
  • Ospina-Rojas, I.C., A.E. Murakami, C. Eyng, R.V. Nunes, C.R.A. Duarte & M.D. Vargas, 2012. Commercially available amino acid supplementation of low-protein diets for broiler chickens with different ratios of digestible glycine+ serine: lysine. Poultry Science, 91 (12): 3148-3155. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2012-02470
  • Owusu-Asiedu, A.J.F.J., J.F. Patience, B. Laarveld, A.G. Van Kessel, P.H. Simmins & R.T. Zijlstra, 2006. Effects of guar gum and cellulose on digesta passage rate, ileal microbial populations, energy and protein digestibility, and performance of grower pigs. Journal of animal science, 84 (4): 843-852. https://doi.org/10.2527/2006.844843x
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  • Rojas, O. J. & H.H. Stein, 2017. Processing of ingredients and diets and effects on nutritional value for pigs. Journal of animal science and biotechnology, 8 (1): 1-13. https:/doi.org/10.1186/s40104-017-0177-1
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  • Vukmirović, D., A. Fišteš, J. Lević, R. Čolović, D. Rakić, T. Brlek et al., 2017. Possibilities for preservation of coarse particles in pelleting process to improve feed quality characteristics. Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition, 101 (5): 857-867. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpn.12489
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  • Wu-Haan, W., W. Powers, R. Angel & T.J. Applegate, 2010. The use of distillers dried grains plus solubles as a feed ingredient on air emissions and performance from laying hens. Poultry science, 89 (7): 1355-1359. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2009-00471
  • Xu, Y., 2014. Interaction of dietary coarse corn with litter conditions on broiler live performance and gastrointestinal tract function. North Carolina State University.
  • Yadav, S., & R. Jha, 2019. Strategies to modulate the intestinal microbiota and their effects on nutrient utilization, performance, and health of poultry. Journal of animal science and biotechnology, 10 (1):1-11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40104-018-0310-9
  • Ziegler, F., K. Nilsson, N. Levermann, M. Dorph, B. Lyberth, A.A. Jessen et al., 2021. Local Seal or Imported Meat? Sustainability Evaluation of Food Choices in Greenland, Based on Life Cycle Assessment. Foods, 10(6), 1194.
Toplam 82 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Ziraat, Veterinerlik ve Gıda Bilimleri
Bölüm Derleme
Yazarlar

Figen Kırkpınar 0000-0002-2018-755X

Helin Atan 0000-0003-3574-2891

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 31 Mart 2022
Kabul Tarihi 13 Haziran 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022

Kaynak Göster

APA Kırkpınar, F., & Atan, H. (2022). Kanatlı hayvanların beslenmesinde sürdürülebilirlik stratejileri. Journal of Agriculture Faculty of Ege University, 59(4), 731-742. https://doi.org/10.20289/zfdergi.1096687

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