Exogenous application of pipecolic acid induces stomatal closure in Arabidopsis thaliana L.
Öz
Objective: The major objectives of this study were (i) to determine whether exogenous Pipecolic acid treatment triggers the stomatal closure; (ii) to assess how the stomatal response is influenced by the method and concentrations of Pipecolic acid treatment; (iii) to investigate the response of Pipecolic acid-primed plants to the foliar bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 that invades plants through stomata.
Material and Methods: Freshly harvested Arabidopsis leaves were immersed in MES-KCl buffer supplemented with 1 mM of D,L-Pipecolic acid for 2 h. Stomatal aperture was measured in epidermal strips collected from the abaxial side of the leaves. Stomatal aperture in Pipecolic acid-treated plants was also directly quantified after Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 inoculation.
Results: The treatment with D,L-Pipecolic acid resulted in increased stomatal closure in a concentration-dependent manner. Treatments with 0.1 mM and 1 mM of D,L-Pipecolic acid led to a reduction in stomatal aperture by 32.5% and 54.7%, respectively. Leaves treated with either 1 mM of D,L-Pipecolic acid or L-Pipecolic acid demonstrated similar stomatal apertures corresponding to 2.67 and 2.49 μm, respectively. The stomatal apertures did not exhibit a significant difference between the treatments following the Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 infection. Pipecolic acid-mediated enhanced defense is independent of stomatal immunity.
Conclusion: Exogenous Pipecolic acid triggers preinvasion stomatal closure in Arabidopsis. There is no difference between pipecolic acid application methods (soil drenching or foliar spray) in terms of affecting stoma closure.
Anahtar Kelimeler
L-Pip, plant defense responses, Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000, systemic acquired resistance, stomatal defense
Kaynakça
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