Farklı Azot ve Fosfor Seviyelerinin Kinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.)’da Tane Verimi ve Bazı Verim Unsurlarına Etkisi Üzerinde Bir Ön Araştırma

Yıl 2017, , 1 - 8, 20.03.2017

Hakan Geren , Ece Güre

https://doi.org/10.20289/zfdergi.297899

Cited By: 6

Öz

Yalancı bir
tahıl bitkisi olan Kinoa, binlerce
yıldan beri Güney Amerika’nın And bölgesinde yetiştirilmekte olup, Türkiye için
yeni bir bitkidir. Bir tarla bitkisi olan kinoanın, marjinal alanların insan ve
hayvan beslenmesine kazandırılmasında büyük potansiyeli bulunmaktadır. Bitkiden
yüksek verim alabilmek için besin elementlerinin dengeli bir şekilde verilmesi
temel gereksinimdir. Farklı N ve P seviyelerinin kinoa verimliliği üzerindeki
etkisini değerlendirmek için Q-52 isimli kinoa genotipinde, dört azot (0, 100, 150, 200 kg/ha) ve üç fosfor
(0, 50, 100 kg/ha) seviyesinin araştırıldığı bir saksı denemesi dış
ortamda yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada bitki
boyu, hasat indeksi ve tane verimi gibi özellikler incelenmiştir. Sonuçlar;
kontrol uygulamasına göre artan N ve P seviyelerinin verim ve verim unsurlarını
olumlu yönde etkilediğini ve en yüksek tane veriminin N150 ve P100
uygulamasından alındığını göstermiştir.  

Anahtar Kelimeler

Chenopodium quinoa, N ve P seviyesi, tane verimi

Kaynakça

• Acar, Z. 1996. İki yemlik horoz ibiği çeşidinin verimi ve bazı özelliklerine farklı azot dozlarının etkileri üzerine bir araştırma I.Tohum Verimi, O.M.Ü.Z.F. Dergisi, 11(2):187-196.
• Anonim. 2013. Ana tahıl: Kinoa, Tübitak Bilim ve Teknik Dergisi, Haziran 2013, 547:34-35.
• Anonim. 2015. Kinoa Yetiştiricileri Derneği (www.tukiyed.gov).
• Basra, S.M.A., S.Iqbal and I.Afzal. 2014. Evaluating the response of nitrogen application on growth, development and yield of quinoa genotypes, International Journal of Agriculture & Biology, 16(5):886-892.
• Bertero, H.D., A.J.de la Vega, G.Correa, S.E.Jacobsen and A.Mujica. 2004. Genotype and genotype-by-environment interaction effects for grain yield and grain size of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) as revealed by pattern analysis of international multi-environment trials, Field Crops Research, 89:299–318.
• Bhargava, A., S.Shukla and D.Ohri. 2007. Genetic variability and interrelationship among various morphological and quality traits in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.), Field Crops Research, 101:104–116.
• Bhargava, A., S.Shukla and D.Ohri. 2008. Genotype x environment interaction studies in Chenopodium album L.: an underutilized crop with promising potential, Communications in Biometry and Crop Science, 3(1):3–15.
• Bilalis, D., I.Kakabouki, A.Karkanis, I.Travlos, V.Triantafyllidis and D.Hela. 2012. Seed and saponin production of organic quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) for different tillage and fertilization, Not. Bot. Horti. Agrobo., 40(1):42-46.
• Carlsson, R., P.Hanczakowski and T.Kaptur. 1984. The quality of the green fraction of leaf protein concentrate from Chenopodium quinoa Willd. grown at different levels of fertilizer nitrogen, Animal Feed Science and Technology, 11(4):239–245.
• Chapman, S.R. and L.P.Carter, 1976, Crop Production Principles and Practices, W. H. Freeman and Company, Sanfransisco, USA.
• Comai, S., A.Bertazzo, L.Bailoni, M.Zancato, C.V.L.Costa and G.Allegri. 2007. The content of proteic and nonproteic (free and protein bound) tryptophan in quinoa and cereal flours, Food Chem. 100:1350-1355.
• Doweidar, M.M. and A.S.Kamel. 2011. Using of quinoa for production of some bakery products (gluten-free), Egyptian J. Nutrition, 26(2):21-52.
• El-Behri, A., D.H. Patnam and M. Schitt (1993). Nitrogen fertilizer and cultivar effects on yield and nitrogen use efficiency of grain amaranth Agron. J. 85, 120-128.
• Erley, G.S., H.P.Kaul, M.Kruse and W.Aufhammer. 2005. Yield and nitrogen utilization efficiency of the pseudocereals amaranth, quinoa, and buckwheat under differing nitrogen fertilization, European Journal of Agronomy. 22 (1): 95-100.
• Genç, N. ve Z.Acar. 1999. Horoz ibiği (Amaranthus sp.)’nin azot ihtiyacının ot ve tohum veriminin ve bazı özelliklerinin belirlenmesi üzerine bir araştırma, O.M.Ü.Z.F. Dergisi, 14(3):65-75.
• Geren, H. and H.Geren, 2015, A preliminary study on the effect of different irrigation water levels on the grain yield and related characteristics of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.), 26th International Scientific-Expert Conference of Agriculture and Food Industry, Sarajevo, 27-30 September 2015, Book of Abctracts, p:129.
• Gomaa, E.F. 2013. Effect of nitrogen, phosphorus and biofertilizers on quinoa plant, Journal of Applied Sciences Research, 9(8):5210-5222.
• Ince Kaya, Ç. 2010. Effects of various irrigation strategies using fresh and saline water applied with drip irrigation system on yield of quinoa and salt accumulation in soil in the Mediterranean region and evaluation of saltmed model, MSc. Thesis, Çukurova Univ., Inst. of Natural and Applied Sci., Dept. of Agricultural Structures and Irrigation,122p.
• Jacobsen, S.E. 2003. The worldwide potential for quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.). Food Rev Int, 19(1–2):167–177
• Kacar, B. ve V.Katkat. 1999. Gübreler ve Gübreleme Tekniği. Uludağ Üniversitesi Güçlendirme Vakfı Yayın No: 144, Vipaş Yayın No:20, 531s., Bursa
• Kacar, B. 1986. Gübreler ve Gübreleme Tekniği (III. Basım), T.C. Ziraat Bankası Kültür Yayınları No:20, Ankara, 439s.
• Kakabouki, I., D.Bilalis, A.Karkanis, G.Zervas, E.Tsiplakou and D.Hela. 2014. Effects of fertilization and tillage system on growth and crude protein content of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.): An alternative forage crop, Emir. J. Food Agric., 26(1):18-24.
• Koziol, M.J. 1993. Quinoa: a potential new oil crop. In: New Crops. J.Janick and J.E.Simon (Eds.), Wiley, New York:328-336.
• Lindeboom, N. 2005. Studies on the characterization, biosynthesis and isolation of starch and protein from quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.), University of Saskatchewan, Department of Applied Microbiology and Food Science, Ph.D. thesis, 152p.
• Pospišil, A., M.Pospišil, B.Varga and Z.Svečnjak (2006). Grain yield and protein concentration of two amaranth species as influenced by nitrogen fertilization. Europ. J. Agron., 25 (3): 250-253.
• Rea, J., M.Tapia and A.Mujica. 1979. Prácticas agronómicas. In: Quinoa y Kaňiwa, Cultivos Andinos, pp:83–120. Tapia,M., H.Gandarillas, S.Alandia, A.Cardozo and A.Mujica. (eds.). FAO, Rome, Italy.
• Schulte, A.E.G., H.P.Kaul, M.Kruse and W.Aufhammer. 2005. Yield and nitrogen utilization efficiency of the pseudocereals amaranth, quinoa, and buckwheat under differing nitrogen fertilization. European Journal of Agronomy. 22 (1): 95-100.
• Shahzad, M.A.B., S.Iqbal and I.Afzal. 2014. Evaluating the response of nitrogen application on growth, development and yield of quinoa genotypes, International Journal of Agriculture & Biology, 16(5):886–892.
• Shams, A.S. 2012. Response of quinoa to nitrogen fertilizer rates under sandy soil conditions, Proc. 13th International Conf. Agron., Fac.of Agric., Benha Univ., Egypt, 9-10 September 2012, p:195-205.
• Tan, M ve Z.Yöndem. 2013. İnsan ve Hayvan Beslenmesinde Yeni Bir Bitki: Kinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.), Alınteri Zirai Bilimler Dergisi, 25(2):62-66.