Ruderal Plants in Urban and Sub-Urban Walls and Roofs
Abstract
Objective: Main purpose of this study is to identify the ruderal plant species which spontaneously grows on the wall and roof surfaces in urban and sub-urban areas due to their limited ecological needs and to contribute to the creating of the sustainable green areas in urban environments by understanding the parameters that ruderals depend on while they require little maintenance and irrigation support if not no.
Material and Methods: The main material of this study is the ruderal plants which were collected from totally 60 walls and 36 roof surfaces within six districts of Trabzon city –Akçaabat, Arsin, Çaykara, Of, Ortahisar and Yomra in Turkey. From these 96 habitats, 1540 plants samples form the walls and 448 plant samples from the roofs were collected. All the plant samples collected from the research area were identified in the herbarium of the faculty of forestry in Karadeniz Technical University. Apart from this, parametres affecting coverage rate of common species on three different habitats were analysed.
Results: It was found that 448 samples from the roof surfaces distributed into 61 species while 1540 samples from the walls distributed into 196 species. Plus, according to the analyses, 28
species were found on all three different habitats. As a result of the observations, measurements and analyses, it is clear from the study that coverage rate of the plant species depends on
anthropogenic interaction, daylight period and depth of the media but there is no relation with the number of the species on the surfaces.
Conclusion: Ruderal plants are definitely important to study on, if the world wants the term sustainability to find its real meaning as they require nearly nothing to grow in hard conditions.
In urban life, maintenance is getting more and more expensive for green areas in urban life and this makes it difficult for them to survive especially when cities have limited budget on this, which has often occurred all over the world recently. There is no doubt that ruderal plants offer a great opportunity for modern era urban areas with their limited needs to grow in hard conditions. Furthermore, when thinking about the fact a serious amount of the ruderal plants detected on all three basic habitats has a great landscape plant characteristics, the approaches to their usage in urban areas are really critical.
Keywords
Urbanization,biological diversity,ruderal vegetation,roof,walls
Kaynakça
- Anonymous 1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruderal_species (Access on: 27.09.2018)
- Anonymous 2. https://www.diyadinnet.com/YararliBilgiler-746&Bilgi=trabzonun-co%C4%9 Frafyas% C4% B1-ve-co%C4%9Frafi-konumu-yap%C4%B1s%C4%B1 (Access on: 27.09.2018)
- Atay, V., Karahan, F., 2017. Ruderal Vejetasyon Üzerine Bir Ön Çalışma: Antakya (Hatay) Örneği, Kilis 7 Araslık Üniversitesi Fen ve Mühendislik Dergisi, 1(2) : 68-77.
- Altay, V., 2009. İstanbul’un Anadolu Yakası’nın Kentsel Vejetasyonu. Marmara Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Biyoloji Anabilim Dalı, Doktora tezi, 436 p.
- Coşkunçelebi, K., Terzioğlu, S., Vladimirov, V., 2007. A New Alien Species For the Flora of Turkey: Bidens frondosa L. (Asteraceae), Turkish Journal of Botany, 31 : 477-479.
- Çelik, A., Şeşen, B., Aksoy, A., Öztürk, M. 1998. Priene (Söke-Aydın) kentinde fitoekolojik gözlemler. Büyük Menderes Havzası 3. Tarım ve Çevre Sempozyumu, 2-4 Eylül 1998, Söke-Aydın.
- Çetin, N; Mansuroğlu, S., 2018. Akdeniz Koşullarında Kurakçıl Peyzaj Düzenlemelerinde Kullanılabilecek Bitki Türlerinin Belirlenmesi, Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 55(1) : 11-18.
- Davis, P.H., Mill, R.R., Tan, K., 1988. Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, V: 10.
- Davis, P., H., 1965–1985. Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, V: 1-9.
- Dogan, Y., Baslar, S., Celik, A., Mert, H. H., Ozturk, M., 2004. A study of the roadside plants of West Anatolia , Turkey. Natur. Croatia, 13(1) : 63-80.
